Debunked Historical Science by Abby https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f Made by Abigail Wilson and Maddison Clark en-us 2016-11-27 19:32:46 UTC 2016-11-28 03:03:36 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Balance.png Website #1 abbi_wilson https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140049286 This website goes over 10 different scientific beliefs that people once believed were true. Such as alchemy in a way it did contribute to science now but it being considered a form of magic sets a red flag such as the mystical energy one. As it states on this website "...true science caused the death of alchemy which could not stand up to the rigorous testing of its pseudoscience."]]> 2016-11-27 20:46:41 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140049286 Website #2 abbi_wilson https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140052590 This website states 9 popular wrong scientific theories. The tenth one stating that science never believed the earth to be flat. This site held many scientific beliefs that I never knew about such as miasmatic theory of disease. It’s the belief that people caught diseases through “bad air”. “Bad air” being described as “…mist filled with particles from decomposed matter that caused illnesses.” This belief reminds me of the red flag appeal to authority. As all these beliefs have in common, they were thought to have science to back it up. Giving the illusion that because a scientist or someone they considered smarter/ high authorised then them, proved this theory the public believed it to be correct.

]]> 2016-11-27 21:26:09 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140052590 Website #3 abbi_wilson https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140054197 This website also gives 10 scientific theories that were later debunked, my favorite being phrenology. The thought that the shape of the skull could explain a human's strengths and weaknesses. It is now considered a pseudoscience. This theory in particular, reminds me of the red flag confusion of correlation with causation. Seeing a correlation can confuse ones thoughts into believing that their theory is one with scientific proof. 

]]> 2016-11-27 21:49:51 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140054197 Video #1 abbi_wilson https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140055269 This video debunks the theory that all humans are born as a blank slate and they have formed their personalities through outside influences. Sure, outside influences have a major in packed one ones opinions and personality, but even as babies each child has a different personality. I believe that there are many outstanding red flags to this theory such as confusion of correlation with causation. As people are heavily influenced by their surroundings, that could be seen as a correlation but does not mean it is proof for this subject. There is also appeal to authority as people with authority stated we are born as blank slates people didn’t doubt and believed the experts to have a better knowledge.

]]> 2016-11-27 22:04:41 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140055269 IMAGE #1 maddimclark https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140066079
The first image is one of the 18th century science method called phlogiston by Johann Joachim Becher – an odourless powder substance that would be suggested of a fifth metal to Aristotle four elements – Water, Fire, Earth and Air. What is suggested is that all metals including coal and fire contained phlogiston and when the chemical reacts to another it transforms into a metal oxide then into a white powder. This is a red flag because the conclusions were purely based on the qualitative observations and not quantitative observations. Later this method was decline due to modern science.  Later scientists found that the metal oxide was greater mass than of that metal and found a way to remove mercury from the metal without using phlogiston and since Becher could not prove with quantitative observation of the experiment and theory, was not accepted to all scientists. A red flag is ancient wisdom and that the fact that Becher did not based on quantitates observation and did not meet with the experiments and theory correctly. defa�A��*,q]]> 2016-11-28 00:48:07 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140066079 IMAGE #2 Bloodletting maddimclark https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140068447
Image #2 is a doctor drawing blood from a patient known as “Bloodletting “the practice of withdrawing blood from a patient to cure all types of sicknesses and diseases.  This was based off a body contained four humours (blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm) and when one of the humors is unbalanced, the cure was bleeding people. Though this was practice for almost 2000 years (around Egypt – Greece glory), it declines during the 18 centuries when modern science prospered. However, still today, bloodletting is still being used a treatment. This method is a red flag of ancient wisdom. I feel that this is a dangerous time of method to cure since the physician is drawing a large sum of blood out of patient, I feel it would contribute more to that disease or sickness. Also, this method was used on George Washington when he had a cold and less in a few days died from the speculation of excessive blood loss. In my opinion, I would never consider this practice if I had a cold or headache. I feel this way is more dangerous and un hygienic and unsafe. The could also be a Natural red flag, since many people during the time is was prospering, may think this was natural way to restore the four humors since it’s just cutting into a vein to draw blood out.

]]> 2016-11-28 01:15:44 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140068447 IMAGE 3 maddimclark https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140071396 The is an image of alchemy. The image has a alchemist standing with the signficant moon and sun. Alchemy is a philosophical and prescientific tradition practiced throughout Europe, Egypt and Asia. Alchemist goals were to create pure and create perfect objects such as the elixir of life, philosopher’s stone and changing silver to gold and more. Alchemy is very vast from labs experiments, theories to mythology, magic and spiritually. Alchemy had become significant in academic study for historians for arthrology, psychology and sociology aspects of western culture. There is a large spectrum of scepticism of alchemy – the ones who believe in the science aspect and those who belief in the spiritual and magical part. Either way, this is a ancient wisdom and Ideological support since this may be done the labs, the results are un realistic and support and possibly unethical and a lot of just scholars/monks/priests looking for the impossible and the unexplained. 

]]> 2016-11-28 01:53:12 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140071396 Video #2 maddimclark https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140073997 A TedTalk of Annie Murphy Paul: What we learn before we're born of maternal imprinting or maternal impression of powerful mental or physical action working on the mother’s mind produces an impression on the child in her womb that causes them to be flawed. Anne talks about how the fetus before fully a human is learning in the womb of their mother. Some of the examples she told where the babie in the womb can hear the mother voice at 4 months and can recognize at nine months, learning language, can taste and smell food, remember and prefer, taught of the culture they are being brought in, emotions and influences, corporate into body- flesh and blood, 
how mothers teach their children before they are born. While the video was interesting, the whole time, it was proof of verbosity - too much information and not at all giving any real statistics or qoute on qoute from scienctist, she would mention " in a study" , they found babys can recongize food the mother enjoy. Well, how do they know that? what observation or study or interview ? I was trying to figure out where she gotten the information since it was unclear. She also mention that how the mother phyiscal, mental or emotions will effect the babie will effect when the baby is born , even though, in cases the outcome is different. Just because a mother has depression, doesnt mean the baby may be depressed - it depends how the nurture and nature, not only the mother doing.
]]> 2016-11-28 02:25:32 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140073997 Video #3 maddimclark https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140075317 The Practice of Bloodletting in New Delhi presented by National Geographic of the populace of Delhi, India, patients a day seek treatment at Rahat Open Surgery, where they  used razor blade to draw blood.  The still believe the patient blood is bad which is causing the extreme pain, sickeness or diease. Its appalling and a bit distubing to watch the film to see the patients go through these extreme treatments of this ancestral method. However, patients trully believe this practice really helps them - even though they have to go daily for treatment. This is Ideological support  since one of the practinioers says his father and grandfather did this for a long time and of course, anicent wisedom since this practice is over 2000 years old before modern science and says it works. I also think there a bit of confirmation bias that may have to do with the elements of the culture stanards and values and Confusion of correlation with causation since patients have to go daily for bloodletting, that they think its working for them ( if they did not go for a week, would the reaction/thoughts be different), could they realize that they just want it to work for they dont feel uncomfortable or be in pain anymore. ]]> 2016-11-28 02:46:19 UTC https://padlet.com/abbi_wilson/eoppvo98xf0f/wish/140075317