https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl en-us 2020-03-03 01:12:14 UTC 2024-12-06 06:43:06 UTC hello@padlet.com jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453573327 the buying or selling of ecclesiastical privileges, for example pardons or benefices.]]> 2020-03-03 12:46:48 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453573327 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453574502 the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.]]> 2020-03-03 12:49:01 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453574502 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453575059 one tenth of annual produce or earnings, formerly taken as a tax for the support of the Church and clergy.]]> 2020-03-03 12:49:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453575059 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453575392 was Pope from 12 March 1088 to his death in 1099. Urban II was a native of France. He was a descendant of a noble family in Châtillon-sur-Marne. ]]> 2020-03-03 12:50:31 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453575392 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576003 the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. ]]> 2020-03-03 12:51:52 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576003 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576369 the period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492.]]> 2020-03-03 12:52:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576369 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576768  Spanish Inquisition, was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile.]]> 2020-03-03 12:53:33 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453576768 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453577195 a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to Modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries. ]]> 2020-03-03 12:54:23 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453577195 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453578004  an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research, which awards academic degrees in various academic disciplines]]> 2020-03-03 12:56:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453578004 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453578954 the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region.]]> 2020-03-03 12:58:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453578954 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453579401 a system of land cultivation under which the common land is divided into three parts of which one or two in rotation lie fallow in each year and the rest are cultivated]]> 2020-03-03 12:59:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453579401 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453579872 a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.]]> 2020-03-03 13:00:17 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453579872 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453580108 The Commercial Revolution consisted of the creation of a European economy based on trade, which began in the 11th century and lasted until it was succeeded by the Industrial Revolution in the mid-18th century. ]]> 2020-03-03 13:00:48 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453580108 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453580745 a period of technological improvement and increased crop productivity that occurred during the 18th and early 19th centuries in Europe.]]> 2020-03-03 13:02:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453580745 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453581032 the use of toxins of biological origin or microorganisms as weapons of war.]]> 2020-03-03 13:02:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453581032 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453581307 a person who subjects themselves or others to flogging, either as a religious discipline or for sexual gratification.]]> 2020-03-03 13:03:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453581307 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453582501 is a type of bow that is tall – roughly equal to the height of the user – allowing the archer a fairly long draw. ]]> 2020-03-03 13:04:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453582501 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453583636 is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint.]]> 2020-03-03 13:04:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453583636 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453584744 identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.]]> 2020-03-03 13:05:20 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453584744 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585125 A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium, thereby transferring the ink.]]> 2020-03-03 13:06:03 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585125 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585409  a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively. ]]> 2020-03-03 13:06:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585409 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585720 an Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, writer, playwright and poet of the Renaissance period.]]> 2020-03-03 13:07:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453585720 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586022 the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.]]> 2020-03-03 13:07:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586022 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586083 In the teaching of the Catholic Church, an indulgence is "a way to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins".]]> 2020-03-03 13:07:55 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586083 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586785 the divine foreordaining of all that will happen, especially with regard to the salvation of some and not others. It has been particularly associated with the teachings of St. Augustine of Hippo and of Calvin]]> 2020-03-03 13:09:14 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453586785 jsan5187 https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453587342 he 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation.]]> 2020-03-03 13:10:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jsan5187/elbm8nwaroxl/wish/453587342