• Punctuation refers to the tools used in writing to separate sentences, phrases and clauses so that their meaning is clear. punctuation are signs that aid in the comprehension and correct reading of a written text, whether read silently or aloud. 

Importance of punctuation

• Punctuation is very important because punctuation marks serve mainly to indicate pauses and emphasis on certain ideas or thoughts stated in the text and help clarify the meaning of sentences, such as periods, commas and semicolons.

What Are the 14 Punctuation Marks in English Grammar?

1. Quotation Marks
2. Apostrophe
3. Hyphen
4. Brackets
5. Parentheses
6. En Dash
7. Em Dash
8. Ellipsis
9. Comma
10. Colon
11. Semicolon
12. Exclamation Mark/Exclamation Point
13. Question Mark
14. Full Stop/Period

Punctuation marks and their job. 

• Grammatical: they show  how segments of text are meant to relate to each other. 

• Rhetorical: they show the tone the writer wants to give to a word.

Punctuation and translation 

• The misuse of punctuation marks affects meaning; therefore, it affects translation. 

Uses of Punctuation Marks 

•  The comma, periods and parentheses indicate more or less short pauses.

•  Questioning and admiration denote what their names express.

•  The umlaut is used in some cases to indicate that the u has a sound.

• Quotation marks,mark citations.

• The hyphen is incomplete word sign

• The line is of dialogue or separation of words.

• The two lines are only used in the copies to denote the paragraphs that are separate in the original.

Examples of changes in meaning because of punctuation.

Cambios de significado por los signos de puntuacion. 

Finally, punctuation marks allow us to express ourselves clearly and avoid different interpretations of the same text. These signs are the ones that allow us to organize ideas and establish a syntactic hierarchy. They delimit sentences, separate paragraphs, mark pauses, and also give meaning to the text and maintain its structure. Using them correctly implies a mastery of the grammar and syntax of the language.

Examples:

2.It's vs Its

Examples:

3. Missing Commas

Examples:

4.Question mark and Exclamation.

Examples:

5.Unnecessary quotation Marks

Examples:

• We offer the ‘best price in town’!

6.Excess Exclamation

Examples:

• Our products are the best! They really work! Get yours today!

7.Extraneous Apostrophes

Examples:

•  It is all your’s. Five dollar’s off!

8.Too Many Commas

Examples:

• I went to the store, but they were closed, so I got in my car, turned my radio on, backed out, and then went home.