FRENCH COLONY HAITI by Sanna Balouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f Imperialism Padlet Assignment en-us 2020-11-12 17:25:42 UTC 2023-02-12 22:30:40 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f1ed-1f1f9.png sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/917651389 2020-11-12 17:53:00 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/917651389 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922214170 link]]> 2020-11-14 00:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922214170 General Information sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922214933 Who colonized Haiti?
  • Spain colonized Haiti from 1492-1697 (was an island apart of la Española)
  • France took over the Spanish colonial rule over Haiti from 1697-1804

When was Haiti colonized?
Haiti was colonized from 1492-1804.

How did the French take over the Spanish colony?
  • By the end of the 16th century, Spain was losing control of the seas surrounding Central America to the French, the British and the Dutch.
  • By the middle of the 17th century, French settlers occupied a the island of Tortuga off the north coast of la Española and later the French began to settle the north coast of what is now known as Haiti.
  • By 1700s, the Spanish king had gave up control of the western part of la Española to the French, as part of the peace deal in the treaty of Rijswijk (was a result of the Nine Years' War).

Why did the French colonize?
  • Haiti was a good place for crops, especially sugar and coffee beans.
    • Later allowing them to turn it into a huge coffee and sugar production country.
  • The island’s buccaneer activity and focus on agricultural growth showed great potential.
  • Was also known as a strategic island to have control over as you could easily expand out towards Northern parts and South America.
]]> 2020-11-14 00:51:59 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922214933 Changes sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215118
  • Name changed  from Saint-Domingo to Saint-Domingue
  • Main spoken language changed from Spanish to French.
  • Colonial power changed from Spain to France
  • Built hundreds of slave plantations around Haiti and developed a harsh labour environment to maximize production rate 
    • Led to it becoming the most wealthiest colony by the mid 18th century
  • Increased African population in Haiti, peaked at 500,000 African people living in Haiti, but brought over a total of 800,000 enslaved Africans
  • Enslaved Africans instead of Taino people as the Spanish wiped out the Taino population
  • Trade was introduced between Americans and with Saint-Domingue.
  • Hierarchical structure was created based on skin color, class, and wealth.
    • White colonizers → Affranchis → Slaves
  • Before French colonization the economy in Haiti was not as great and powerful compared to the colonial rule under Spain. 
    • Spain had a messy agricultural production and relied on the exploitation of Taino people.
    • France was more successful and made Haiti one of the richest colonies in the world at the time using exploitive labour of African enslaved people.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:52:09 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215118     Continuity sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215282
  • Continued the slavery of Non-White people.
  • Continued using an exploitive & forced labour for economic purposes that only progressed Europeans.
  • Agricultural production continued being the main drive for economic growth.
  • There was still a constant fight between European powers for the colonial rule over Saint-Dominigue.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:52:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215282     Colonizer's Progress in Haiti sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215403
  • They were able to make a lot of profit from enforcing harsh demands of agricultural production onto African enslaved people to produce tradable goods like sugar and coffee to sell in Europe.
    • This solely benefitted white people's economy, not those who worked on the plantations.
  • Exploited African enslaved people for their own progress and prosperity.
  • Slavery of colonized people played a significant role in the French economy.
    • Haiti's goods accounted for almost 2/3 of French commercial interests abroad and about 40% of foreign trade.
    • Haitian slave trade provided a lot of profit and creation of jobs to France.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:52:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215403     Enslaved and Non-White People Decline in Haiti sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215492
  • Died to harsh conditions under plantation owners.
  • Forcibly brought to Saint-Domingue and enslaved to produce valued production.
  • They were seen at the bottom of the social hierarchy of Haiti.
  • Faced many aspects of racial discrimination.
  • Discriminatory legislatures were emplaced to prevent the affranchis and enslaved people from multiple things.
    • For example, taking up certain professions, marrying white people, wearing European clothing, carrying swords or firearms in public, or attending places for white people only.
  • The slaveholding system in Saint-Domingue was particularly cruel and abusive.
    • Only a few slaves were able to survive long enough to reproduce.
    • The slave system had double the amount of African enslaved people (800,000) compared to North America.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:52:31 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922215492     The Affects of French Colonization sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216075
  • Today, Haiti suffers with socio-economic instability. This can be tied to the French colonial rule period and the consequences of their nation gaining independence
    • Environmental degradation.
      • The process of strip mining for resources and clear cutting the forests of Haiti has had long-lasting effects on the island. It highly affected the agricultural growth of the land.
    • France’s embargo.
      • France imposed an embargo on Haiti in 1805. The U.S. listened to France's embargo and refused to recognize Haiti as an independent country or trade with Haiti.
    • Haiti had to pay compensation to their independence.
      • France agreed to end the embargo if the Haitians agreed to compensate them for the loss of their property (slaves). Haiti agreed to this in 1825 and paid 150,000,000 Francs (worth about $21,000,000,000 today).
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:53:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216075     Before 1492 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216376
  • It was inhabited by Taino people and called their land by many names, mostly Hayti, meaning "mountainous".
  • People lived freely and was not enslaved by random colonizers.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:53:23 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216376     Gaining Independence sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216670
  • Haitians revolted against the French from August 1791-1804. This can be known as the "Haitian Revolution" or "Slave Rebellion".
    • Within a few weeks, 100,000 participants were destroying hundreds of plantations.
    • 1792, the French assembly sent troops to put down the rebellion.
  • This revolution forced Napoleon Bonaparte to sell Louisiana to the U.S. in 1803
    • With the failure of putting down the Haitian revolution, the impending war with Great Britain, the probable British naval blockade of France, and French economic difficulties encouraged Napoleon to sell Louisiana.
  • Gained Haitian independence in 1804.
    • Changed from their colonial name, Saint-Domingue → Haiti.
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 00:53:44 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922216670     sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922218597 2020-11-14 00:55:50 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922218597 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922220293 2020-11-14 00:57:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922220293 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922256200 2020-11-14 01:37:53 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922256200 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922287666 2020-11-14 02:13:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922287666 Haiti Under French Colonial Rule sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922308564
  • Grew to be the wealthiest French colony.
  • Produced much of the goods imported to Europe.
    • 40% of the sugar imported.
    • 60% of the coffee imported.
  • Economy was based almost entirely on the production of plantation crops for export
  • Slave system was the harshest in the America's
    • 800,000 slaves in Haiti which was double the size in north America
    • ]]>     2020-11-14 02:40:22 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922308564     sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922451523 2020-11-14 06:58:50 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922451523 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922452299 2020-11-14 07:00:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922452299 sannabalouchi https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922452457 2020-11-14 07:00:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sannabalouchi/eknoncg3bwdlhk7f/wish/922452457