Unit 6 Padlet by https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6 en-us 2017-01-10 15:23:06 UTC 2025-10-24 22:58:27 UTC hello@padlet.com 1/10/17: Motivation ridaraz4894 https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6/wish/146282220 -Motivation: a need or desire that directs behavior
-Incentive Theory: positive or negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior
-Physiological vs. Psychological
--> Hunger drives us to eat
--> Fatigue drives us to eat (we think we're hungry)
-Drive Reduction Theory: a physical needs creates a drive to satisfy the need.
ex. money doesn't itself satisfy any biological or psychological need, but it reduces such other drives on a regular basis simply by the receipt of a pay check
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: pyramid of human needs, each need must be met successfully to move up; ends with self-actualization-basic needs
-Hunger Drive/Weight Disorders: both internal and external reasons for hugner; Anorexia, Bulimia, and obesity
-Thirst Drive: Reducation of fluid in and outside of cell caused by sodium
-Reasons of habitual, cultural, and psychogenic

-Sexual Response Cycle: four stages of sexual responding-Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution
--Psychology of Sex: What motivates sex? Men and women respond to the same stimuli
-Sexual Disorders: Problems that consistently impair sexual functioning
-Sexual Orientation: sexual attraction to members of a particular gender
-Heterosexual: attraction to different genders
-Homosexual: attraction to same gender

--Need to Belong: Harlow; we need people, we have a need for acceptance, we will change our actions to fit in with certain groups
-Where else have you seen this applied?
-Achievement Motivation: Desire for significant accomplishment
-Extrinsic: Desire to perform a behavior for rewards or to avoid punishment (to get a good grade)
-Intrinsic: Desire to perform a behavior for your own sake (to get into a good college, get a good job)

Leadership Styles:
--> Task vs. Social
-Task: focuses on goals, sets standards (dictator)
-Social: Mediates conflict, builds teamwork (democrats)
--> Theory X vs. Theory Y
-Theory X: Constant monitoring of workers, hovers
-Theory Y: Intrinsic motivation, share control
-Industrial Organizational Psychologist: studies how managers can best enhance the workplace(IO Psychologist)

-lateral medial hypothalamus: tells you that you're hungry
-ventral hypothalamus: tells you you're full 




]]> 2017-01-10 15:37:56 UTC https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6/wish/146282220 1/11/17: I can...begin to understand important motivation & emotion terms theories ridaraz4894 https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6/wish/146536627 Conflict Motivation Theories (4):
-Approach-approach conflict: occurs when you must choose between two desirable outcomes
ex. choosing between 2 different colleges to go to; choosing to go to dinner with your best friend or boyfriend/girlfriend.
**Assuming both choices are appealing, conflict is risen because you can only choose one option
-Avoidance-avoidance conflict: occurs when you must choose between two unattractive outcomes
ex.
-Approach-avoidance: exists when ONE event or goal has both attractive and unattractive features
ex. you love cotton candy but the sugar bothers your stomach
-Multiple approach-avoidance conflicts: here you must choose between two or more things, each of which has both desirable and undesirable features
ex. PRO: going out with friends is fun, CON: time taking
CON:  staying home and studying, PRO: getting to bed early, getting a good grade

-James-Lange Theory: arousal comes before emotion
stimulus-physical change-emotion
-Cannon-Bard Theory: arousal comes at the same time as emotion
stimulus -emotion, physical change
-Schachter-Singer Theory: arousal paired with a cognitive label, then the emotion (2 Factor Theory)
-Opponent Process Theory: emotions are in pairs (fear/relief; pleasure/pain, depression/elation)----similar to color theories for sight]]> 2017-01-11 15:22:50 UTC https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6/wish/146536627 1/12/17: Notes Cont. ridaraz4894 https://padlet.com/ridaraz4894/ekfwbkvjpkn6/wish/146825764 -Izard Theory: 10 basic emotions, cross-cultural, present in infancy, all other emotions are a combination of the original 10
6 basics emotions are joy, anger, disgust, surprise, sadness, and fear

-Ekman Theory: facial muscles are used to indicate emotion and are universal

Studies of a smile
-Duchene: closed eyes, crows feet, lower teeth covered by lips

-Benefits of smiling
-critical for social interaction; cues more attractiveness, success, strong immune system, lower stress, lower age

Forced smiling helps to control stress, releases heart rate, makes them calm down

-Learned Motives
--Form of social motives but learned through modeling/observation of others
Aggression
-intent to inflict harm of pain
Achievement
-need to excel or overcome obstacles
-highly motivated children & upbringing
-emotional & cognitive roots
W. future achievement
W. birth order
W. creativity 

-Stimulus Motives
Unlearned motives that encourage exploration of the world
Used to obtain information on the world
-What do you ponder?

Stress responses:
-Yerkes Dodson Theory: optimum stress necessary for optimum performance
[Too much stress-bad
Too little-bad; doesn’t challenge you
Right amount-positive/optimal performance]

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