1. Use Closed Captioning. Until I got to college, in bigger rooms, I did not need to use captions, because I could hear the videos fine. Now, I really need them to help me comprehend what is being said sometimes. I know other students have a hard time hearing, or also want something to see to go along with what they hear. Without this tool, some children miss out on the opportunity to learn something new and can feel left out from their classmates; I want to adjust my classroom in a way where everyone can learn comfortably. 

2. Presentations/Slideshows. Currently, I excessively use slide shows and presentations for any project or study guide. In a classroom setting, I think it helps students not feel as overstimulated as they would with a big handout with a lot of words. A lot of writing can feel jumbled together for some students, which hinders their learning experience. In order to prevent this, I plan to use slideshows with minimal words and use my voice to express extra knowledge. All vital information would be displayed in the presentation with extra facts coming from me. 

3. Text-to-Speech. As a kid and an adult, I have loved to read books. However, recently I found I have had trouble really comprehending the words in front of me if I did not have someone saying them outloud. Text-to-speech is perfect for that because it takes the same idea of an audiobook and puts it on every piece of reading. It’s nice not to have to spend extra time trying to decipher a puzzle and then spend more time learning what the puzzle is, and I want to prevent stopping at unnecessary barriers on our way to learning something new in my classroom.

1. Always use interactive visuals in my classroom- I would use digital maps, timelines, or graphic organizers that students can click, move, and manipulate to reinforce understanding.

2. Incorporate assistive technology: Use text-to speech tools, closed captioning, or screen readers so my students with reading or hearing challenges can fully access my lessons & digital content.

3. Flexible seating & movement breaks- I will give options for standing desks, fidget tools, or quiet corners so students with attention or sensory needs can stay engaged throughout the lesson.

4. Peer students & small groups- I would pair students strategically to work in partners or for a table chart seating so those who struggle have peer models and extra encouragement.

1. Provide Captions. This is crucial for students who may have a hard time hearing or understanding. By providing captioning it allows children to not only hear instruction but also visually read it. It also will help keep students from talking over instruction because they will be able to visually read direction.

2. Flexible Seating. This is super critical for students, especially for students with ADD or sensory needs. It is very helpful for students to be able to wiggle or bounce while still working because it helps many students focus when they are moving.

3. Displayed Schedule. This is important for those students who may have anxiety about the timing of things. Having a schedule visually available also allows students to mentally prepare for each subject.

1. Adaptive and accessible seating. The addition of flexible seating includes the addition of sensory aids and/or preference seating(yoga ball chairs, spinning chairs, standing desks..) allows students who might struggle with staying still or prefer to stand options to keep them engaged and comfortable during lessons.

2. Provide live lecture captions. There are many apps and websites that can translate live captions and connect to microphone systems in the classroom. The addition and combination of these two systems can provide assistance for students who might struggle with hearing or staying attentive, as well as assist students with understanding the things being said.

3. Multi-medial teaching or the implementation of universal design for learning principles. Offering students both visual, auditory, and hands-on learning experiences helps to assist diverse learners with any difficulties in their learning process. This also allows students the opportunity for full conceptual understanding because they are seeing the same topic in multiple modes and can learn from each of them in different ways.

1. Ensure preferential seating for exceptional students: some students with physical exceptionalities (deafness, blindness) might need extra space or proximity to the front of the classroom. Being aware of those students' needs and providing for them is an excellent way to improve accessibility in the classroom. In addition, students with behavioral or learning disabilities could use different seating with varying proximities to resources, other students, and boundaries to boost their learning.

2. Post agendas and resources in one location per day/week: if students have a reason that they cannot be in class (especially chronic absentees), providing a structured outline of what should be completed, the day's timeline, and what to do next helps with productivity and awareness. Posting those outlines on an educational platform like Canvas, Brightspace, or Padlet could increase student performance, as they can be accountable for their own achievement. In addition, these agendas could be printed out with paper options of all the resources listed on the page to promote more accessibility.

3. Ensure regular breaks for all students: regardless of a student's age or exceptionality, many need brain breaks to assist their focus throughout class. Taking a break to play a group game, allow snacks, or silent time allows the class' mind to recuperate and prepare for another chunk of learning. Doing yoga or playing a memory game are some examples of these brain breaks.

2.) Flexible seating. When making art, it is important to be comfortable so you can. really focus on the details. I plan to make my classroom have multiple seating options like stools, chairs, and cushions. As well as ensuring the tables are at the right height for wheelchair using students. I will also have different kinds of surfaces for students to work on like slanted surfaces and standing desks for students who might like to stand.

3.) Digital resources. I would provide students with pre-recorded videos of myself and other artist performing certain art processes for them to watch in case they need more resources. I would also demo these processes in class and provide extra help after. However, I know that I am the kind of student that has to watch a process over and over again to understand how to do it myself. I don't mind to show a student as many times as they need because I know I need that kind of support myself.

1. One thing I will definitely include in my classroom is flexible seating. I think flexible seating is a great way for students to find comfortability in the classroom and comfortability creates a better learning environment. Personally, I am more focused when I am sitting in my cozy beanbag chair, or on my couch then I am when I am sitting at a desk in an uncomfortable metal chair. I also think it is more engaging for students when they can move around while we learn. I have no issue with students standing behind their desk or wobbling or bouncing on a yoga ball as long as they are not disturbing others in the classroom. Movement is good for students. Being in a classroom all day and sitting listening to a teacher is boring, but there are ways to make it fun and engaging.

2. Another adaptation I will add to my classroom is closed captions for any video, movie, or audio we listen to or watch. I think closed captions are really important because even as someone who does not have a hearing impairment, I find it so much easier to comprehend the audio when I am looking at a text as well. When someone reads a text aloud, I like to have the text in front of me so I can follow along. I also find that when I am watching TV shows or movies, I always turn on the captions, because I find myself following the content better. Closed captions allow students to auditorily and visually process information.

3. Lastly, I will provide response options in my classroom. What I mean is when we are completing work or homework assignments, I will provide digital and physical options for completion. I know that some students work better when they have pencil and paper in front of them, but I also know that some students need technology to help aid them in their instruction and learning. Therefore, I would like to provide my students the option of whichever resource they prefer.

1. I will make sure to have clear communication through captions on the screen and lots of visuals while giving directions. This ensurers that students that have a hard time hearing or ADHD can stay involved and focuses while I am speaking. Some students have a hard time just listening so having captions can make they have other resources to stay involved.

2. I also want to provide paper options for assignments that may be originally assigned with technology. Not only do some students not have full access to technology, but some students simply cannot preform as well with computers. I remember always struggling with computer assignments because they were hard to navigate. I felt much more comfortable using paper, so I will make sure to provide that option of someone wants it.

3. Lastly I will provide lots of seating options and alternatives. I want to add bands to the bottom of desks so that students who have trouble sitting still have something to do with their feet. I would love to maybe add some standing desks as well so that students have the option to stand if they need to.

1. Technology for inclusion: I would integrate speech-to-text and closed captioning tools for lectures and videos. This not only supports students with hearing difficulties but also helps those with ADHD or language barriers follow along more easily.

2. Flexible materials: I’ll provide assignments in both digital and print formats. Some students thrive with technology, while others may need the familiarity and focus of paper.

3. Physical and sensory access: I’ll design the classroom with multiple seating options, including standing desks and quiet corners. Students learn best when they can choose a space that supports their focus and comfort.

1) Closed Captioning:

• Depending on where a student is sitting in a classroom, their degree of hearing, language familiarity, and various other factors, closed captioning can assist students in understanding the material discussed in a video used during class.

2) Graphic Organizers:

• I understand that not all students are able to easily piece together how certain topics relate in their minds, so I plan to create graphic organizers for relevant content so as not to confuse my students. Additionally, in seeing a resource created by the teacher, some students may feel more confident in their perception of a topic, as it could reinforce their perspective/understanding of what is being discussed.

3) Speech-to-Text Software:

• 'Lecture' classes can have the potential to be confusing for some students, especially when dealing with concepts innately related to one another, so allowing students to use speech-to-text software for these classes, as they can reinforce their notes with words taken directly from the lecture!

After researching immersive VR tools, I think they would be a great resource in the classroom. This way students can engage more fully with content. Providing multiple means of content delivery can also include variety of visual aid presentations, interactive activities and subtitled videos or audios for diverse learners.

Another tool I found interesting was the speech-to-text software. I have personal experiences with the lack of tools for print or writing disabilities. I often struggled with timed essays and spelling errors, so having that tool would have made the classroom significantly more accessible.

Positive classroom culture is also such an important thing to highlight in creating a functional learning space. Taking away social stigmas surrounding different cultures and diverse learners allows all students to feel respected. This fosters a better environment for learning.

1. Closed-captioning in Videos: As a person who struggles to hear due to a disability I gained while in the military, this is a great tool to not miss out on any information. Something I have noticed also as an audio book lover is that listening and reading along help the mind to remember and maintain knowledge easier as you are using two forms of learning at the same time. When we are long listening and not reading we may not catch every detail.

2. Graphic organizers: one I’m a huge fan of them for myself but as a parent this is something I began using in small portions for my children. I feel having these in classroom setting creates a less scary view of what students are doing each day. Also having printed organizers for students when writing is so valuable to helping them get their thoughts on paper to make the writing process less scary.

3. Visual timers: these are so useful at every level! Creating time and carving it out and visually seeing it make work more manageable and less stressful. Creating tasks that can be chopped into time slots makes for a more digestible environment for everyone and keeps everyone on task! Beat the clock!

1. Include lots of pictures and visual aids for whatever topic we are learning. I think this makes things more fun and engaging. It could be considered a little juvenile for older grades but even older age groups love to be kids at heart.

2. Transition breaks. Some students have a hard time sitting still for long periods of time and have trouble focusing when they are. Being able to move around and stretch during transition times would benefit them. Doing this during transition periods in the lesson makes it so it isn't as disruptive and they can all come back together and start the lesson at the same place.

3. Paper copies. For any activity that we do, I want to make sure that there can be a paper version. Some people prefer to do things on paper as opposed to digitally, and it also gives people who may not have the same access to technology an opportunity to do the assignment without having to go through extra steps if they don't have the resources.