informal economy by Peter Starke https://padlet.com/starke/informal en-us 2017-02-07 07:48:48 UTC 2024-05-28 06:40:58 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152050663 European Countries. ]]> 2017-02-07 08:06:26 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152050663 Measurement & Approaches https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152051319
It is impossible to arrive at a precise and reliable estimate, due to the fact that the formal activity violates the law. 

(a) the labor market approach; (b) the small-firm approach; (c) the household consumption approach; (d) the macroeconomic discrepancy approach.]]> 2017-02-07 08:09:39 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152051319 https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152052404 European countries. ]]> 2017-02-07 08:14:50 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152052404 b) Small-firm approach https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152052827 self-employed have great opportunities to hide income and participate in the grey economy: they do not report a part of their earnings]]> 2017-02-07 08:17:08 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152052827 Example? Italy early 1990s https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152053196 Construction industry: estimated an irregular labor force: Firms hire workers on the books for the minimum number of weeks legally required for benefits and then to dsmiss them and rehire informally through subcontractors.]]> 2017-02-07 08:19:11 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152053196 a) Labor Market approach https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152054465  Idea: certain categories of people are more close to grey potential activities;
Estimation: the percentage
of the total or active population (EAP) that works informally on the basis of specific employment categories identified in censuses or nationally representative surveys. ]]> 2017-02-07 08:26:11 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152054465 What is INFORMALITY? https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152057900 those actions of economic agents that fail to
adhere to the established institutional rules or are
denied their protection.]]> 2017-02-07 08:42:37 UTC https://padlet.com/starke/informal/wish/152057900