TECHNOLOGY POLICY AND STRATEGY by Iliya Aqilah Suzli

What is technology?

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:10:16 UTC

-Practical application of knowledge and tools to aid human endeavors.

-Technology is the knowledge,product,processes,tools,and systems.

What is management?

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:15:14 UTC

Directing and controlling organizations to meet objectives.Include planning,organizing,staffing,motivating and controlling functions.

Technology Management

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:19:38 UTC

Set of management discipline focused on managing technology to create competitive advantage through integrated planning, optimization, and operation of technological processes.

Importance of managing technology

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:21:18 UTC

Rapid technological change demands a cross-disciplinary approach to leverage opportunities and stay competitive. Product life cycles have shortened, and organizations must maximize competitiveness using new technologies.

Framework of Technology Management

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:25:57 UTC

Links science, engineering, and management disciplines. Key factors influencing competitive enterprise include economic systems, technical capabilities, and trade conditions.

Role of firms in technology environment

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:33:59 UTC

-The drivers of change in the environment.

-The beneficiaries of change initiated by others.

-The facilitators of technology development.

-The victims of technology change.

Key Decisions in Managing Technology

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:37:41 UTC

Firms must decide whether to be leaders or followers, develop or buy technology, and determine the scope or services and scale of their offerings.

The Process of Managing Technology

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:39:29 UTC

This involves innovation, as shown in the iBOT case, which required cross-disciplinary collaboration between engineers, financial experts, and marketers to develop a wheelchair capable of climbing stairs.

Factors Promoting Technology Management

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:47:09 UTC

-Speed of technological change

-Change in scope

-Changes in competition

-Trade blocs

Classification of Technology

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 14:52:53 UTC

Technologies are classified into new, emerging, high, medium, low, and appropriate technology based on their maturity, level of sophistication, and suitability for different environments.

Tacit vs. Codified Technogy

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-15 15:11:06 UTC

Tacit Technology:

-Knowledge that is not easily explain.

-No standard way of prensenting it.

-Develop by learning through experience.

Codified Technology:

-people know how to work it but might not fully understand why

-it's easier, clearer and faster to share once it's written down for formalized

-full understanding requires knowing both written(codified) and unwritten (tacit) knowledge

21/10/2024 Monday - CHAPTER 2 Components of Technology

iliyaaqilah16 — 2024-10-25 03:54:46 UTC

1.Technoware -Physical technologies such as tools, machinery, and equipment that enhance human abilities to carry out transformation operations.

2.Humanware -The skills, knowledge, and expertise of individuals required to operate, maintain, and enhance technoware.

3.Orgaware- Organizational practices and frameworks that coordinate productive activities to achieve desired results, including management techniques for planning, quality control, and performance evaluation.

4.Inforware-Documented knowledge such as specifications, manuals, and data that improve decision-making and operations, facilitating efficient use of technoware and humanware.

*Technoware In Process Technology:

-The machines needed for the process

-The software needed to operationalise the machines 

-The tools needed to maintain the machines 

-The spare parts needed to repair the machines

Technoware comprises :-material transformation subsystem

-information processing subsystem

*Humanware In Process Technology:

-"contact humanware" - refers to the skills of operators to operate the technoware  -"support humanware" - refers to the maintenance crew and indirect technoware use facilitators such as software specialists (for CNC machines).

*Orgaware In Process Technology:

-Work conventions

-Work organizations

-Work facilitation

-Work evaluation

-Work modification

*Inforware In Process Technology:

-Technoware-specific inforware (TSI)

-Humanware-specific inforware (HSI)

-Orgaware-specific inforware (OSI)

>Product Technology:

-Product design inforware

-Product usage inforware

~Product design inforware? 

-Design foundation inforware (dfi)

-Design backup inforware (dbi)

- Design specifications inforware (dsi)

~Product usage inforware?

- Product operating inforware (poi)

-Product maintenance inforware (pmi)

-Product performance –enhancing inforware (ppi)