INTS3030 Visualising Cultures by Jia Wen Chong (Janet)

家乡 /jiāxiāng/ (n)- Hometown

jiawenchong — 2022-03-03 22:56:41 UTC

定义 Definition ：

土生土长的地方; 家庭世代居住的地方。
The place where you were born and raised; the place where your family has lived for generations.

例子  Example :

马来西亚吉隆坡是我的家乡。
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is my hometown.

多元化 /duōyuánhuà/ (n) - Diversification

jiawenchong — 2022-03-03 23:41:21 UTC

定义 Definition ：

任何在某种程度上相似但多样的，不是集中统一的。
It is similar but diverse, not centralized and unified.

例子 Example :

马来西亚的一个种族、文化和宗教多样化的国家。
Malaysia is a racially, culturally and religiously diverse country.

刻板印象/ kèbǎnyìnxiàng/ (n) - Stereotype

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 06:20:37 UTC

定义 Definition ：

指人们对某个事物或物体形成的一种固定的看法，并将其观点和看法推而广之，认为这个事物或者整体都具有该特征，而选择忽视个体差异。
An absolute perception is formed by extrapolating people's views and opinions to assume that something or an object shares a certain characteristic while ignoring individual differences.

例子 Example :

纹身，吸烟和酗酒是我们对黑社会的刻板印象。
Tattoos, smoking and alcoholism are the stereotypes we associate with gangsters.

争议 / zhēngyì/ (n) - Controversy

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 06:45:00 UTC

定义 Definition ：

指两个或以上的人对某件事情的看法，尚有争论，却未达成一致结论。
It refers to the opinion of two or more people about something that is still in dispute but has not reached a consensus conclusion.

例子 Example ：

这部电影因其内容而引起了争议。
This film has been the subject of controversy due to its content.

审美 / shěnměi/ (n) - Aesthetics

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 06:56:12 UTC

定义 Definition :

以个人的文化与视觉因素对自然或人工来源进行审美价值与品味的判断。
Aesthetic value and taste of natural or artificial sources that judged by personal cultural and visual factors.

例子 Example :

他没有丝毫审美的鉴赏能力。
He has no appreciation for aesthetics at all.

童年 / tóngnián/ (n) - Childhood

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:21:32 UTC

定义 Definition :

每个人生成长中最重要的时期，当过了这段时期，它就成了回忆。
The most important period in the growth of each life, when after this period, it becomes a memory.

例子 Example :

我愿全世界的孩子都拥有幸福的童年回忆。
I wish all the children in the world a happy childhood. memories.

移民 / yímín/ (n) - Immigration

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:35:58 UTC

定义 Definition ：

人口迁移迁到国外某一地区并永久定居。
The movement of people to an area abroad and their permanent settlement.

例子 Example ：

很多人为了寻求更好的生活而选择移民到更发达的国家。
People migrate to more developed countries in search of a better life.

难民 / nànmín/ (n) - Refugees

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:41:20 UTC

定义 Definition ：

指流离失所、需要离开原居地的人。
Refers to people who are displaced and need to leave their place of origin

例子 Example ：

成千上万的难民涌入了拥挤不堪的城镇和村庄。
There was overcrowding in towns and villages due to the influx of refugees.

语言 / yǔyán/ (n) - Language

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:45:21 UTC

定义 Definition :

各个民族都有自己的语言并用来沟通交流的表达方式。
Each nationality has its own language and the expressions it uses to communicate.

例子 Example ：

语言是赐于人类用来表达思想的工具。
Humans use language to express their thoughts.

全球化 / quánqiúhuà / (n) - Globalisation

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:49:32 UTC

定义 Definition ：

一个世界各国的全球意识逐渐发展的概念，也指世界范围内的国家与地区的互动和整合的变迁过程。
A concept of the gradual development of global consciousness in the worldwide countries, which also refers to the changing process of interaction and integration of countries and regions worldwide.

例子 Example ：

随着经济全球化，许多企业面临着来自国际与国内两方面的竞争压力。
Many companies face international and domestic competition as a result of the globalisation of the economy.

传统/ chuántǒng/ (n) - Traditional

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 07:56:27 UTC

定义 Definition ：

一个群体或社会世代相传地把具有象征与特殊意义的信仰或行为传承下来。
A group or society that passes on beliefs or behaviours that have symbolic and special meaning from generation to generation.

例子 Example :

每个民族都在努力把自己的传统传承给后代。
Every ethnic group put a lot of effort to pass on their traditions to future generations.

价值观 / jiàzhíguān/ (n) - Value

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 08:03:01 UTC

定义 Definition ：

直接影响和决定一个人的理想、信念和追求方向的性质。
Directly affects and determines the nature of one's ideas, beliefs and the direction of pursuit.

例子 Example ：

个人的价值观是要自己发掘与肯定的，所以我们每人都是特别的存在。
Personal values are to be discovered and affirmed for ourselves, so we are each a special being.

帝国主义/ dìguózhǔyì/ (n) - Imperialism

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 10:27:07 UTC

定义 Definition ：

一个国家政治主张或实践的政策，通常通过殖民与军事力量以扩大国家的权力和统治。
A state's policy of political advocacy or practice, usually through colonial and military power extends the power and domination of the state.

例子 Example ：

早期的帝国主义呈现了当时领土扩张的辉煌与战争的残酷矛盾。
Early imperialism presents the contradiction between the splendour of territorial expansion and the brutality of war at the time.

威权主义/ wēiquánzhǔyì/ (n) - Authoritarianism

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 10:28:05 UTC

定义 Definition ：

一种政府以牺牲自由为代价拒绝政治多元化，并使用中央权力强制或倡导人民绝对服从其权威的原则。
A principle whereby a government rejects political pluralism at the expense of freedom and uses central power to enforce or advocate absolute subordination of the people to its authority.

例子 Example ：

一些国家举办的选举会导致威权主义的政客长期霸据权力。
Elections held in some countries can lead to a perpetual hegemony of power by authoritarian politicians.

领导者/ lǐngdǎozhě/ (n) - Leader

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 10:46:38 UTC

定义 Definition :

指社会组织中经合法途径被担任一定的领导职务、履行领导职能并掌握权力。
It is a reference to persons or organizations who are legally assigned to certain leadership positions, perform leadership functions, and hold power.

例子 Example :

领导者不只是负责引导别人，也应该多关心与聆听他人的意见与想法。
Leaders are not only responsible for guiding others, but they should also be more concerned and listen to the opinions and ideas of others.

禁忌/ jìnjì/ (n) - Taboo

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 10:54:01 UTC

定义 Definition ：

禁止犯忌讳的话或行动
Prohibition of taboo words or actions

例子 Example ：

禁忌的存在维护了古老的观念与圣物，也造成了现今许多的自我限制与迷信。
The existence of taboos has preserved ancient ideas and sacred objects and has created many self-limitations and superstitious beliefs nowadays.

剧场艺术/ jùchángyìshù/ (n) - Theatre Arts

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 11:57:18 UTC

定义 Definition :

指在剧场中演出剧场形式的戏剧。
It's a form of theatre drama that is presented on stage.

例子 Example ：

剧场艺术以有形的方式直观地传达了艺术家的愿景和创造力，以娱乐观众。
The art of theatre conveyed the visions and creativity of the artists visually in a tangible way to entertain the audience.

反映/ fǎnyìng/ (v) - Reflect

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 12:08:02 UTC

定义 Definition ：

即事物之间发生相互作用时，以自身的变化再现他物某些特点，并表现出客观事物的本质。
Basically, when things interact with each other, they reproduce certain characteristics of other things with their own changes and express the essence of objective things.

例子 Example ：

这部小说反映了妇女在封建社会的生活。
This novel reflects the life of women in a feudal society.

思想/ sīxiǎng/ (n) - Idea

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 12:12:39 UTC

定义 Definition ：

反映人的意识中经过思维活动而产生的结果或形成的观点。
The results of thinking activities are reflected in a person's consciousness.

例子 Example ：

我认为John的思想太偏激了。
I think John's ideas are too radical.

倾听/ qīngtīng/ (v) - Listen

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 12:16:42 UTC

定义 Definition :

指侧着头细听；认真地听说话者的言辞。
Listening carefully while facing the speaker; paying attention to the speaker's words.

例子 Example ：

我们应该善于倾听广大群众的意见。
We should be good at listening to the views of the general public.

动漫/ dòngmàn/ (n) - Anime or Manga

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 12:31:46 UTC

定义 Definition ：

漫画与动画合成后形成的作品。
A work formed by the synthesis of manga and animation.

例子 Example ：

自从Judy参加了动漫社后, 对日本动漫的热情与日剧加。
Judy's passion for Japanese anime has increased since she joined the anime club.

传统美学/ chuántǒngměixué/ (n) - Traditional Aesthetics

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 12:50:38 UTC

定义 Definition ：

以每个不同的传统为基础所构建出的一个意象世界，并对其进行审美价值与品味的判断。
A world of imagery constructed based on each different tradition and judged for its aesthetic value and taste.

例子 Example ：

水墨画开启了传统美学的审美追求。
Traditional aesthetics can be pursued through ink wash painting.

元素/ yuánsù/ (n) - Element

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:00:20 UTC

定义 Definition ：

构成抽象事物的基本与特征要素。
The fundamental and distinguishing parts that create something abstract.

例子 Example ：

这幅肖像画拥有许多美好生活的元素。
This portrait has many elements of the good life.

改编/ gǎibiān/ (v) - Adapt

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:06:30 UTC

定义 Definition ：

为了新的用途或目的而改变原作。
Alteration of the original work for a new use or purpose.

例子 Example ：

这部经典小说改编成电影了。
The classic novel has been adapted into a movie.

涂鸦艺术/ túyāyìshù/ (n) - Graffiti Art

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:14:07 UTC

定义 Definition :

通过涂鸦创作来反抗体制、表达不满、发泄情绪、控诉社会。如今与传统绘画拥有一样性质的一种艺术。
Graffiti was used to express dissatisfaction with the system, release feelings, and blame society. It is currently regarded as an art form comparable to traditional painting.

例子 Example ：

涂鸦艺术不只在未允许的情况下宣传个人的想法不犯法，而且也会破坏公物与环境。
Graffiti art is not only illegal to promote one's ideas without permission, but it can also damage public property and the environment.

束缚/ shùfù/ (v) - Restrain

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:20:35 UTC

定义 Definition ：

被限制；被管束在局限范围内
Restricted; confined within limits

例子 Example ：

Patrick无法束缚自己的愤慨。
Patrick could not restrain his indignation.

根源/ gēnyuán/ (n) - Origin

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:29:12 UTC

定义 Definition ：

使事物发生或起源的根本原因。
The underlying cause that makes something happen or originate.

例子 Example ：

James酗酒是堕落的根源。
James' alcoholism is the origin of depravity.

文物/ wénwù/ (n) - Artifact

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:33:58 UTC

定义 Definition ：

由人类创造并独一无二，遗留下来的具有历史、艺术、科学价值的遗物和遗迹。
Human beings have created and preserved relics and monuments of historical, artistic, and scientific value.

例子 Example ：

博物馆里展览许多历史悠久的古代文物。
The museum exhibits many historical and ancient artifacts.

地理景观/ dìlǐjǐngguān/ (n) - Geographical Landscape

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:40:20 UTC

定义 Definition :

指四周围绕天然界限、与其他普通区域有区别的地球表面的景观。
Essentially, it's a part of the earth's surface that is surrounded by natural boundaries and separate from other ordinary areas.

例子 Example ：

不同地区的地理景观也会影响当地的文化风格。
The geographical landscapes of different regions also influence the local cultural styles.

归属感/ guīshǔgǎn/ (n) - Sense of Belonging

jiawenchong — 2022-05-12 13:46:29 UTC

定义 Definition ：

一种对某个特殊群体或人物所建立的内在联系。
An intrinsic connection that is made to a particular group or person.

例子 Example ：

我们需要互相关爱来培养归属感。
To develop a sense of belonging, we must care for each other.