Headphones by CHING YIU WONG

When

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Who

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What

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Why

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Early 1890s: The First “Earbuds”

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evolved into an ‘Electrophone’
a stethoscope-shaped headphone connected to a switchboard
e.g. the people around London could tune into live performances happening all over London

1910: The First Official Audio Headphones

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designed by an engineer called Nathaniel Baldwin
used an idea for a telephonic feature to invent a more sensitive telephonic receiver

1937: DT-48

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Beyerdynamic --> first headphone (personal listening) Until limited to the armed forces
thin metal headband with two cables that connected individually to the earcups

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1960s: The First Wireless Headphones

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radio headphones (early model)
built-in am/fm radio antennas + 2-inch speakers @ padded earcup
allowed users to bring their radio + listen wherever
helped hearing-impaired --> hear their radios better anywhere

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1880s: The 10-Pound Headphones

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need to free up a person's hands when operating a telephone
switchboard operators used a type of “headphone” by Ezra Guilliland --> weigh over 10 pounds
one earpiece attached to a phone and a large microphone resting on the shoulder.

1949

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AKG invented the K-120
sounded great + stylish
an on-ear + high-quality driver + a thin chic-looking headband

1979: The Walkman

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a portable audio source --> listening to music
to listen to your own music library instead of the radio
made from a single metal headband + 2 foam earphones

1958: The Birth of Brands (Koss SP-3)

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John Koss (Jazz musician & audio lover) saved headphones from going into an early grave
Koss SP-3 - the first stereo over-ear headphones
speakers wrapped in a soft cloth and a split headband --> inspired other audio engineers worldwide to get into the headphone market

1969: The First Open-Back Headphones

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Sennheiser’s HD 414
the back of the ear cups being open instead of closed
user -->enjoy a wider sound
the audio quality of headphones increased
wear them comfortably for long-term wear

1989: Bose’s Noise Cancelling Headphones

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work with a small microphone that captures all the outside noise and generates an equal, opposite sound wave to cancel out the noise
useful for pilots in the aviation industry, combat vehicle crewmen in the Army < personal use

1966: Beatlephones

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John Koss
made significant advancements in marketing
released in 1966

1980s: neckband headphones

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fashion --> neckband design for headphones
wouldn't bother with your hair
pressing onto the ears, and sealing the outer ear, as opposed to being placed in the ear, or hanging onto the ear, or surrounding the ear

2001: The Rise of iPods

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Steve Job-headed Apple introduced the iPod with those iconic white earbuds
cool and fashion at the time

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2004: Bluetooth Revolution

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wires connecting them to the audio source (Bluetooth)

1990s: Growth of Smaller Technologies

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1994: Bone Conduction Headphones

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Werner Bottesch
Beethoven reportedly used bone conduction when he lost his hearing

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2008: Beats by Dre

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hundreds of styles available today for different functions and preferences

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2015: The First Truly Wireless Earbuds (Onkyo W800BT)

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Onkyo, a Japanese manufacturer specializing in audio equipment
proved the possibility of this technology and paved a way for more manufacturers to release their own

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2017: AirPods

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Apple changed the game again in 2017 with a major change in the design of their iPhone and earbuds,
Incredibly lightweight (4g each)
notable features include the ability to double-tap to pause audio + automatic pausing when they are removed from the ear
huge success among consumers

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2020 and Beyond: The Future of Headphones

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Factors that facilitate or discourage

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To facilitate (customers):

1. The requirement in audio quality

2. The requirement of convenience

To facilitate (company):

1. Profit making (higher price)

To discourage:

1. Limitation of technology

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Substitute:

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Padding on the ear muff instead on the outside of each ear piece
Instead of connecting both ear pieces with a band

Combine:

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Add a microphone
With eye mask

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Adapt:

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noise cancelling wireless headphones
using bluetooth to connect

Modify:

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the sizes of ear muff can change
add a mode to change between speaker and headphones
add a switch that creates a tighter seal around the ear to improve noise cancelling

Put to use:

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Use the cord as a rope