The Apennines consists mainly of limestone and dolomite. A particularly appealing is the change of vegetation at higher altitudes, where hard-leaf plants give way to extensive meadows and heaths. The Apulian foreland is also dominated by limestone offering large areas of pasture and romantic shores. The Tyrrhenian foreland, which stretches from Florence to Naples and is home to the cradle of Roman civilisation, is of an exceedingly volcanic nature. While, Mount Etna aside, karsified limestones characterises Sicily, Sardinia is very calm geologically attracting visitors with mountainous regions varying in form and lots of gorgeous sandy beach.

In Italy we have...

Among these, very important is the Ligurian Sea Cetacean Sanctuary "Pelagos", aimed at protecting these large, particularly threatened, animals.

Many of these species are endemic to Europe and are found nowhere else in the world. 

The goshawk is a specialist in hunting in the woods for birds and medium-sized rodents. Pigeons, crows, jays, tordele, but also hares, dormice and squirrels all fall into the diet of this bird of prey.

Usually it is pushed much further north of the weasel, and often it can be sighted on meadows and mountain pastures or on rocks up to the limit of the glaciers. 

Like the weasel, it is a proud hunter that feeds on micro-mammals (mice, voles, shrews), small reptiles, amphibians and small birds. It can also successfully attack rabbits and hares. In winter the fur changes, and the ermine is always white except for the tip of the tail, which remains black. In summer, however, the coat is brown and very similar to that of the weasel.

Bluefin tuna is a large predatory fish found in the western and eastern Atlantic and in the Mediterranean Sea. Most of the catches take place in the Mediterranean and this is the most important bluefin tuna fishery in the world in terms of catches and fish quality. 

Bluefin tuna fishing has a millennial history in the Mediterranean and has entered a phase of rapid and intense decline in the last 10 years of the twentieth century, when the new practice of breeding / fattening wild tuna has multiplied without control to mainly feed the Japanese sushi market. This generated a perverse spiral, with huge levels of IUU fishing (Illegal, Unreported, Unregulated).

The Gray squirrel has a strategy of seed storage and mushroom consumption quite different from the Red squirrel. For this reason the substitution of the indigenous species with the American species could have negative effects on the composition and the functioning of the woods.