Goal: to ascertain what students can do independently, with assistance & what kind of assistance. 

EX. Teacher observes child's notetaking process during ELA to see how the child organizes notes, what the child chooses to emphasize as a 'key detail' etc.

Pro: Focus is on student learning style vs. outcome (and vs. comparisons to other students)

Con: Time-consuming, but shouldn't this be conducted for every student anyway?

Goal: To see which pieces the child has already mastered. Also allows teachers to determine the starting point for teaching.

EX. washing hands or putting on coat

Pro: Focus is on pieces achieved, so there is a certain level of asset-based thinking. Allows teachers to start at the correct juncture.

Con: Not everyone may necessarily agree on steps that operationally define a task.

Goal: Looking at the rate at which a student is able to perform a given task

Ex.: reading aloud for 1 minute and counting correct words

Pro: Able to see which students are meeting goals, as well as ones that need extra assistance

Con: Does not cover every subject or skill, is very time consuming

Goal: To see how their environment impacts them.

Ex. Observing a child on the playground and in the lunch room and comparing their behavior.

Pro: Can see them in different environments.

Con: It could be hard to get a well-rounded assessment.

Definition: An approach to linking instruction with assessment, short tests from the material itself. (1) Determine eligibility (2) To develop the goals for instruction (3) To evaluate the student's progress in the curriculum. Monitors student growth in basic skills.

Example: A student reads aloud for one minute, and the teacher counts the correct words read per minute.

Pro: Allows the teacher to match instruction to students current ability, pinpoint areas where modifications/accommodations are needed.

Con: Some students may get nervous, or not be very good test takers.

Zelda, Camilla, Brooke M, Marlene

Informal assessment (NOT NRT) which predicts how well students are achieving based on predetermined level on specific test of educational goals/outcomes included in the school, district, or state curriculum.

Scored accoriding to the standard or criterion.

Example: Classroom spelling test. Student earns 16/20 which is 80% "mastery"

Pros: Based on students abilities, does not rely on students

Cons: Student may not be well versed in the content. Be sure that content is rigorous enough.

Def: tests that measure whether students meet standards of what they should know and be able to do in different subjects at various grade levels

Goal: mastery of specific skills that align with grade level standards

Ex: chapter test in history

pro: shows whether or not a student understands a topic & drives future instruction

con: stress and anxiety for test takers