The Nobel Prize of Literature is one of the most prestigious awards in the world dedicated to letters, being one of the five original awards that Alfred Nobel consigned for the Swedish Academy to award as part of his legacy.

What are the requirements to get it?

The premise of the contest is to put forth an exceptional work in its genre, this work must necessarily go through a selection process, in which is necessary that the work must be recommended, and these recommendations cannot correspond to self-nominations or self-recommendations to be nominated for the award, besides, this recommendation process is carried out through a form that it is sent by The Committee for the Nobel Literature Prize and that reaches out to people who are competent and qualified to nominate.

When and where is the ceremony of recognition? 

 The selection process for nominees and awards lasts approximately 15 months, beginning in September and ending in December of the following year.
In May, after a long process, only the best five works remain, which are read by the committee members, who make a report about the nominated works.
Once the contributions of each literary work are highlighted; in October the winner is selected through the selection by majority vote and finally, the gala to recognize officially the winner of the winning work or works is held on December 10 in commemoration of the death of Alfred Nobel, in Stockholm, Swedish,

William Golding as an important figure of the literature 

 One of the most recognized authors that have received The Nobel Prize of Literature is William Golding, who got it in 1983 thanks to his first and most sublime work that is “Lord of flies”.
In his most recognized novels, he cultivates an allegorical style of fiction in which he frequently alludes to classical literature, mythology, and Christian symbolism.

In all his works is portrayed the inherent violence of the human being and the sensible and civic response against barbarism and war stand out, showing the ambiguities and fragilities of Western civilization.

Some of the English authors who have won The Nobel Prize of Literature are:
 Rudyard Kipling             
William Faulkner
William Golding 
Harold Pinter
William Butler Yeats 
Bertrand Russell             
Wole Soyinka 
John Maxwell Coetzee
George Bernard Shaw 
Winston Churchill               Joseph Brodsky 
Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul
Sinclair Lewis 
Ernest Hemingway 
Nadine Gordimer 
Alice Munro
John Galsworthy 
John Steinbeck 
Derek Walcott  
Eugene O'Neill 
Samuel Beckett
Toni Morrison   
  Pearl S. Buck 
Patrick White              
Seamus Heaney   
  T. S. Eliot 
Saul Bellow   
Doris Lessing  

References:

Premio Nobel de Literatura. (S.F). Lecturalia. Recuperado el 11 de junio de 2020 de  http://www.lecturalia.com/premio-literario/nob/premio-nobel-de-literatura

¿Cómo se consigue un premio Nobel de la literatura? (2019). Libreando Club. Recuperado de https://libreando.club/como-se-consigue-premio-nobel-de-literatura/ 

Los premios nobel de literatura que escribieron en inglés. (S.F). Pangeanic. Recuperado el 11 de junio de 2020 de https://pangeanic.es/conocimiento/los-premios-nobel-de-literatura-que-escribieron-en-ingles/# 

Where and when is it delivered?

It is awarded annually, since 1901. It is held in Stockholm Sweden on December 10 in commemoration of the death of Alfred Nobel. However, the winner selection process begins 15 months earlier.

'Award criteria'

The candidates eligible for the Literature Prize are those nominated by qualified people who have received an invitation from the Nobel Committee to submit names for consideration. Other persons who are qualified to nominate but have not received invitations may also submit nominations. No one can nominate himself or herself.

'The writers who have obtained it'

Pearl S. Buck (1938)- William Faulkner (1949) - Ernest Hemingway (1954) -Samuel Beckett (1969) - Patrick White (1973)- Nadine Gordimer (1991)

Ernest Hemingway (1954). “The author of The Old Man and the Sea” stood out for a direct style, short sentences and for removing everything superfluous. He participated in the First World War and was a correspondent in the Spanish Civil War and in the Second World War.

Sources

It is an international award that is granted every year to recognize people or institutions that have carried out notable research, discoveries or contributions to humanity in the previous year or the course of their activities as well as literature dedicated to letters, is one of the five original awards.

 

When and where the Nobel Prize is awarded?

An annual delivery is made on the first Thursday of October, It is one of the most important moments of the literary calendar where it is at a ceremony held annually in the Stockholm Concert Hall, following the banquet on December 10, the date that Alfred Nobel died.

 

What is the award criteria?

It is for authors whose work has been significant and outstanding and its endowment amounts, is awarded to a maximum of three people per category and its objective is to recognize those professionals and institutions whose achievements will significantly influence the future.
 
 
Authors who have won The Nobel Prize of Literature

William Butler Yeats (1923)

George Bernard Shaw (1925)

John Steinbeck (1962)

Saul Bellow (1976)

J. M. Coetzee (2003)

 

T. S. Eliot (1948). 

American-born poet. When he received the Nobel Prize, he had already become a British citizen, but we keep him in the American block because it was there where he trained as a writer, he was one of the benchmarks of contemporary poetry in the English language, he was a poet, playwright, and literary critic British-American. It represented one of the pinnacles of twentieth-century English-language poetry.

He is one of the main figures of the Anglo-Saxon modernist avant-garde who collected ancestry from metaphysical poetry and French symbolists in his works.His main work is "The Wasteland" and "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock." The second of these was published in 1915. The first in 1922. Two other famous poems are: "Ash Wednesday" and "The Hollow Men."

 

 

 

Sources:

The Nobel Prize in Literature is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction".

As stipulated in the will of the Swedish-born inventor and international industrialist Alfred Nobel, which was opened after his death in 1896, the Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine and Literature are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway.

The Nobel Prize for Literature is awarded, according to the will of Swedish inventor and industrialist Alfred Bernhard Nobel, “to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind” in the field of literature. It is conferred by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm.

The Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded to someone who has done outstanding work in an idealistic direction that adds the greatest benefit to humankind

Rudyard Kipling (1907)

Sinclair Lewis (1930)

Eugene O’Neill (1936)

T. S. Eliot (1948)

Toni Morrison (1993)

 

Toni Morrison. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1993 In 1993, although she only had six published titles, she won the Nobel Prize for Literature, she was the first black woman to receive it.

The way she reveals the stories of individual lives conveys insight into, understanding of, and empathy for her characters. Toni Morrison\'s unique narrative technique has developed with each new work. Among her works are her debut novel, The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon, and Beloved.

Prize motivation: "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality."

Source: 

The prestige of the Nobel Prize stems in part from the considerable research that goes into the selection of the prizewinners. Although the winners are announced in October and November, the selection process begins in the early autumn of the preceding year, when the prize-awarding institutions invite more than 6,000 individuals to propose, or nominate, candidates for the prizes. Prize proposals must be submitted to the Nobel Committees on or before January 31 of the award year.

 

Outside experts are frequently consulted during the process in order to help the committees determine the originality and significance of each nominee’s contribution. During September and early October the Nobel Committees have accomplished their work and submit their recommendations to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the other prize-awarding institutions. Prizes may be given only to individuals, except the Peace Prize, which may also be conferred upon an institution. The Nobel Prize selection process.

 

 

 

Each Nobel Prize consists of a gold medal, a diploma bearing a citation, and a sum of money, the amount of which depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation. A Nobel Prize is either given entirely to one person, divided equally between two persons, or shared by three persons. In the latter case, each of the three persons can receive a one-third share of the prize or two together can receive a one-half share. If a prize is declined or not accepted before a set date, the prize money goes back into the funds.

 

Some prizes have been declined by their winners, and in certain instances governments have refused to allow their citizens to accept them. The ceremonial presentations of the awards for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and economics take place in Stockholm, and that for peace takes place in Oslo on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death. The laureates usually receive their prizes in person, and each presents a lecture in connection with the award ceremonies. The general principles governing awards were laid down by Alfred Nobel in his will.

 

In 1900 supplementary rules of interpretation and administration were agreed upon between the executors, representatives of the prize-awarding institutions, and the Nobel family and were confirmed by the king in council. Nobel’s ambiguous stipulation that the literature prize be awarded to the authors of works of an «idealistic tendency» was interpreted strictly in the beginning but has gradually been interpreted more flexibly. The Peace Prize has been the prize most frequently reserved or withheld.
   

Teher I tried not to put the same because is repetitive, so I preferred to complement instead of repeat. :)

 

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nobel-Prize/The-prizes 

Sources:
-https://www.ecured.cu/Premio_Nobel_de_Literatura.
-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Golden_Notebook
-http://www.dorislessing.org/biography.html
-https://www.britannica.com/topic/Winners-of-the-Nobel-Prize-for-Literature-1856938
-https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/
-https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/literature/

The Nobel Prize for Literature is one of the most prestigious awards in the world dedicated to letters, being one of the five original awards that Alfred Nobel consigned for the Swedish Academy to award as part of his legacy.

The Nobel Prize is an honorary award given by the Swedish government, awarded each year to people who have done outstanding research, invented revolutionary techniques or equipment, or made notable contributions to society. The awards were instituted as the last will of Alfred Nobel, inventor of Swedish dynamite and industrialist, signed at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris on November 27, 1895. The awards distributed by the Foundation created by Alfred Nobel tend to reward the people and institutions that have contributed the most to the progress and well-being of humanity in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine and physiology, literature, peace, and since 1969 the Alfred Memorial Prize for Economics has also been given Nobel. The Nobel Prizes are unanimously recognized as the most prestigious awards that can be received in these areas.

September: sending invitations

In September of each year, the committees corresponding to each award send confidential invitations to qualified persons in their field to propose names of candidates for their Nobel Prize. These skilled people cannot vote for themselves. Qualified person proposals must be submitted to each committee by January 31 of the following year.

February: the reception of applications

Each committee bases its evaluation on the appointments received up to January 31 of each year. Nominations received after that date are included in the review for the following year.

February-March: a shortlist is prepared

The committees evaluate the work of the candidates and prepare a shortlist of the possible winners.

March-August: review by consultants

The list is reviewed by permanent advisers and specially recruited advisers for their knowledge of specific candidates. Advisers do not directly evaluate applications or make explicit recommendations.

October: winners are chosen

At the beginning of October, each committee selects the Nobel Prize winners in its field through a simple majority of votes. The decision is final and has no appeal. The names of the winners are announced below.

December 10: awards ceremony

The delivery of the Nobel Prizes takes place on December 10, the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo (Norway), and the rest in Stockholm (Sweden). The awards consist of a Nobel and Diploma medal and a document confirming the amount of the prize.

William Faulkner (1949). One of the most influential novelists of the 20th century. His style is characterized by long sentences and the use of techniques such as the interior monologue. The best example of his style is Noise and Fury.

William Faulkner was an American narrator and poet, awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1949.

Sources.

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1CDGOYI_enMX894MX894&hl=es-MX&q=william+faulkner&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAONgVuLQz9U3sDApt3jEaMwt8PLHPWEprUlrTl5jVOHiCs7IL3fNK8ksqRQS42KDsnikuLjgmngWsQqUZ-bkZCbmKqQlluZk56UWAQDCXQdMVQAAAA&ved=2ahUKEwipk_K_mIXqAhUBXawKHSQbASEQ1S8wFHoECA8QGg

https://pangeanic.es/conocimiento/los-premios-nobel-de-literatura-que-escribieron-en-ingles/

https://www.google.com/amp/s/amp.eitb.eus/es/noticias/sociedad/detalle/4421693/premios-nobel-informacion-proceso-seleccion/

https://www.nobelprize.org/

“Forty years of devotion to the art of the novel taught me one thing, that is to pay attention to people's lives, to pay attention what you hear about people's lives,” he said in a YouTube video by the cultural organisation The Big Think.” The secrets of writing is rewriting, self-editing, reediting, reading to your beloved ones, to your wife, to your daughter, to your partner and hearing the story from other people's point of view never giving up your high standard of criteria, of good writing, and continuing on and on and on and on and editing and editing and taking out, no matter how much time you gave to that beautiful page, perhaps that can also be cut out.”

Sources:
https://www.livescience.com/16364-nobel-prize-literature-history.html

https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/books/writing-tips-from-authors-who-won-the-nobel-prize-for-literature-1.664909

•The Nobel comes with $1 million in prize money. University of Chicago professor Robert Lucas seemed about to become a millionaire in 1995 when he won the prize for economics. But it turned out his wife had six years earlier put a clause in their divorce agreement saying she'd get half the Nobel award prize money should her husband win it. If the Nobel committee's announcement had come a few weeks later, the clause would have expired.
•The Physics Prize was awarded to three individuals, one of which was researcher Donna Strickland. This is significant because it has been awarded to only three women in 117 years.
•Nobel Prize winners are called laureates.
•Nobel Prize rules stipulate that the award cannot be given posthumously. The only exception was made in 2011 when Canadian immunologist Ralph Steinman received the Nobel for Physiology or Medicine. The Nobel committee made its announcement on October 3, unaware that Steinman had died a few days earlier. After some deliberation, the committee decided to let Steinman keep it. According to Steinman's daughter, her father had joked about the Nobel shortly before he died. "They don't give it to you if you have passed away," he said. "I got to hold out for that."
•There have been some years when the Nobel Prizes have not been awarded – a total number of 49 times. Most of them during World War I and II.


Sources:
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/facts/nobel-prize-facts/

https://www.brandeis.edu/now/2017/december/nobel-fun-facts.html

The members of the Swedish Academy are the ones who are entitled to nominate candidates for the Prize on its different categories. The proposals must be handed out in writing to the Nobel Committee by January 31st along with the reasons why they think those candidates deserve the nomination. In April, the Committee reveals a preliminary list with names that were previously examined. Then, the list reduces to about five names in each category. In October, the elections take place. In order for a candidate to win a Prize, they must gain more than half of the votes. The award ceremony takes place in Stockholm, Sweden, and Oslo, Norway on December 10th. This day is known as Nobel Day. The winners receive a medal from the King, a diploma, and cash (about US$1.1 million).

In total, 27 Nobel Prizes in Literature have been awarded to English-speaking writers. Some of them are: Sinclair Lewis (1930), William Golding (1983), Harold Pinter (2005), George Bernard Shaw (1925), Nadine Gordimer (1991), Alice Munro (2013), etc.

Harold Pinter was born on October 10th 1930 in London, UK. His writing consists primarily of dramas and the inability to communicate in relationships. Harold was one of the most renowned dramatists of the 20th century, known for his creativity, originality, and formal innovation. The Caretaker (1960) was Pinter's second full-length play and a resounding critical and commercial success. In 2005, Pinter was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature thanks to his contributions to this field. He died on December 24th, 2008 of liver cancer.

References:
A short guide to the Nobel Prize. (November 19^th, 2019). Retrieved from: https://sweden.se/society/the-nobel-prize/

Biography of Harold Pinter. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.gradesaver.com/author/harold-pinter

Harold Pinter – Nobel Lecture. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2005/pinter/facts/

Los premios nobel de literatura que escribieron en inglés. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://pangeanic.es/conocimiento/los-premios-nobel-de-literatura-que-escribieron-en-ingles/

The Nobel Prize in Literature. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.svenskaakademien.se/en/the-nobel-prize-in-literature

Is the Nobel prize awarded for a lifetime of scientific achievement? Norden discusses the critera against which research is judged.“The Nobel Prize in Literature is awarded to someone who has done outstanding work in an idealistic direction that adds the greatest benefit to humankind,” she said. “Nationality is expressly unimportant.”

Name of one Nobel Prize winner
The Nobel Prize in Literature 1999 was awarded to Günter Grass "whose frolicsome black fables portray the forgotten face of history."
Sources
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1999/summary/
https://today.duke.edu/2017/04/how-win-nobel-prize-literature#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20Nobel%20Prize%20in%20Literature,%E2%80%9CNationality%20is%20expressly%20unimportant.%E2%80%9D
https://www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/how-to-win-the-nobel-prize-part-1-criteria/1017510.article

The Nobel Prize and the Prize in Economic Sciences have been awarded to women 54 times from 1901 to 2019. One woman, Marie Curie, was honoured twice, receiving the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This means a total of 53 women have received Nobel Prizes to date: 17 have received the Peace Prize, 15 the Prize in Literature, 12 in Physiology/Medicine, 5 in Chemistry (including Curie), 3 in Physics (including Curie) and 2 in Economic Sciences.

sources:

History.com Editors. (November 24, 2009). Fist Nobel Prizes awarded. December 9, 2019, de A&E Television Networks Sitio web: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-nobel-prizes-awarded

Nobel Prize awarded women. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2020. Thu. 2 Jul 2020. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/nobel-prize-awarded-women>

The Swedish-born writer was the first woman to win the award. The Nobel committee described her work as lofty, vivid and spiritual, mostly known for her children's books.


https://www.nobelprize.org/women-who-changed-the-world/
https://www.svenskaakademien.se/en/the-nobel-prize-in-literature