Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966 the economy one of the most strongest country on the continent is dominated by diamond mining.

Madagascar is officially known as the Republic of Madagascar. This country is an island country in the Indian Ocean and is located in the coast of Southeast Africa. The nation comprises the island of Madagascar which is the fourth-largest island in the world, as well as numerous smaller islands near this place. A long time ago Madagascar was part of India but this place split from India around 85 million years ago, allowing plants to evolve and native animals in relative isolation. Madagascar is a very biodiversity hotspot . Over 90 % of its wildlife is found nowhere else in different places in the world.

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History of South Africa

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Apartheid "separateness") was a system of institutionalised racial segragationthat existed in south africa from 1948 until the early 1990s.Apartheid was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on basskap (or white supremecy which encouraged state repression of blak african colerd and asian South Africans for the benefit of the nation's minority white population the economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day. Elena hervert

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/mænˈdɛlə/;^[1] Xhosa: [xoliɬaˈɬa manˈdɛla]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997

Apartheid (South African English: /əˈpɑːrteɪd/; Afrikaans: [aˈpartɦəit], lit. "separateness") was a system of institutionalised racial segregationthat existed in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s.^{[note 1]} Apartheid was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on baasskap (or white supremacy), which encouraged state repression of Black African, Coloured, and Asian South Africans for the benefit of the nation's minority white population.^[4] The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day

The Flag of Angola

The Flag of Angola