-setting the right niyyah (intention)

*Setting the right niyyah means doing something because of Allah. If we learn or do good things with the right intention, Allah will give us real wisdom. Right niyyah + sincere effort = true goodness.

-applying the right namal

*using good and proper actions to gain true wisdom. It’s not enough to just learn we must also practice what is right, with honesty and good intention. When we do the right things in the right way, Allah gives us hikmah.

-internalising the positive values

*making the good things we learn a real part of who we are. It’s not just knowing what is right, but feeling it, living it, and letting it guide our actions every day. True hikmah happens when good values become part of our heart and character.

"Indeed, prayer prevents indecency and wrongdoing."

Prayer is not just about movements or recitation, but real prayer can stop us from doing bad or wrong things. When we pray with focus and sincerity, it reminds us of Allah and makes us feel ashamed to commit sins. So, prayer helps us become better people every day.

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183) talks about fasting:

"O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may become mindful (of Allah)."

Fasting is not just about staying away from food and drink. It helps us learn self-control and remember Allah. The main goal of fasting is to become more aware of Allah and do good. It teaches us to be patient, grateful, and kind.

Surah At-Tawbah (9:103) talks about zakah (charity):

"Take from their wealth a charity to purify and bless them."

Zakah is giving a small part of your money to help others. It cleans your heart from selfishness and brings blessings to your life. Giving zakah makes both you and the people you help better and happier.

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:197) talks about Hajj (pilgrimage):

"Hajj is during specific months, so do what is good and stay away from bad things."

Hajj is a special time to worship Allah with good actions. During Hajj, we should be kind, patient, and avoid anything wrong. It’s a time to become closer to Allah and better as a person.

-taharah

*Taharah is being clean before praying.

Wudu is washing your hands, face, and feet with water to get clean.If there is no water, Tayammum is using clean dust or sand to wipe your face and hands instead.

Both help prepare you to pray and be pure.

-syarat sah solat

*In Islam, there are a few simple conditions for a valid prayer. You must be a Muslim, clean by doing wudu or tayammum, and wear clean clothes. Your body must be covered properly. You must face the Qiblah, pray at the right time, and have the right intention in your heart. If you follow these, your prayer is valid,

-pillars of salah

*In Islam, there are important parts of prayer (solat) that must be done. First is the intention (niyyah) to pray for Allah. Then say “Allahu Akbar” to start. If able, you should stand and recite Al-Fatihah. Then do rukuk (bowing), stand up straight (i’tidal), and then sujud (prostration). After that, sit between the two sujud. At the end, do the final sitting and say the salam to finish. All steps must be in the right order and done with calmness. These are the pillars that make the prayer valid.

Al-Ṭāʿah (Submission/Loyalty)

- means obedience or submission to Allah. In salah (prayer), it means we follow what Allah tells us to do with full loyalty and respect. When we have khusyuk (focus and humility), we show true ṭāʿah because our heart and body are both fully obeying Allah. We listen, we move, and we pray with love and care. This makes our prayer more meaningful and brings us closer to Allah.

Al-Jihād (Struggle in the path of Allah)

- means struggle or effort in the path of Allah. In salah (prayer), it means we fight against laziness, distractions, and bad thoughts to stay focused. When we pray with khusyuk (full focus and humility), we are doing a kind of jihād—we are trying our best to give our heart to Allah. This struggle makes our prayer stronger and brings us closer to Him.

Muḥāsabah (Reflection)

-means self-reflection or checking ourselves. In salah (prayer), it means thinking about our actions, asking, “Have I done good or bad?” When we pray with khusyuk (focus and humility), we quietly reflect on our life and try to become better. Salah becomes a time to talk to Allah and look inside our hearts. This helps us grow and improve as Muslims.

Iffah (Modesty/self-restraint from sinful

behaviour

-means modesty or self-control from doing bad things. In salah (prayer), when we have khusyuk (focus and humility), we feel shy and respectful in front of Allah. This feeling helps us stay away from sinful actions. Salah reminds us to be clean in our words, actions, and thoughts. So, ‘iffah in salah helps us be more careful and behave in a good and respectful way every day.

Tawaḍḍuʿ (Humility/Humbleness)

-Tawaḍḍuʿ means humility or being humble. In salah (prayer), when we have khusyuk (focus and full attention), we feel small and respectful before Allah. We know He is great and we need His help. Being humble in prayer means not feeling proud or showing off, but praying sincerely with a soft heart. This makes our prayer more true and close to Allah.

Ṣabr (Patience and Forbearance)

-Ṣabr means patience and staying calm. In fasting, it means being strong when you feel hungry, thirsty, or tired. Instead of getting angry or giving up, you wait and keep trying. Patience helps you finish the fast and become closer to Allah. It teaches you to control yourself and be thankful.

Takrīm (Respect and deference)

-Takrīm means respect and honor. In fasting, it means we respect the fast by following its rules and not doing things that break it. It also means respecting ourselves and others by being kind, polite, and patient during fasting. Showing good manners while fasting makes the fast better and pleases Allah.

Raḥmah (Friendliness)

-Raḥmah means kindness and friendliness. In fasting, it means being gentle and caring to others, especially when we are hungry or tired. We should be patient, help others, and avoid being angry. Showing kindness during fasting makes our fast stronger and brings us closer to Allah.

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:183-187) talks about fasting in Ramadan. It explains that fasting is a special act given to Muslims to help them become closer to Allah and learn self-control. We fast by not eating or drinking from dawn until sunset. The verses remind us that fasting is hard, but it teaches patience and thankfulness. It also says we should be kind and avoid bad actions during fasting. At the end, it encourages believers that Allah is always with those who try their best.

-tawakkul

Trusting Allah after doing our best. When someone gives Sadaqah or pays Zakat, they are showing Tawakkul because they believe Allah will take care of them, even after giving away some of their money. Sadaqah and Zakat have many good values like helping the poor, cleaning the heart from greed, and bringing blessings. By giving sincerely, a person trusts that Allah will reward them and that their wealth will not decrease. This shows strong faith and full trust in Allah.

-Ukhuwah

-Brotherhood or strong bonds between people. Sadaqah and Zakat help build ukhuwah because they support those in need and make people feel cared for. When we give to others, it creates love, unity, and kindness in the community. It reduces jealousy and makes everyone feel equal and supported. These acts help strengthen relationships and bring people closer together, which is the true spirit of ukhuwah.

-tazkiyyah

Purifying the soul and becoming a better person. Sadaqah and Zakat help with tazkiyyah because they clean our hearts from greed and selfishness. When we give to others, we learn to be kind, humble, and thankful. It helps us control our love for money and reminds us to care for others. This makes our soul pure and brings us closer to Allah. So, giving Sadaqah and Zakat is a way to grow spiritually and improve our character.

tadhiyyah (التضحية )

√ taqwa (التقوى)

1. TADHIYYAH is also called "qurbani" which means sacrifice.

What's the connection between sacrifice and hajj?

Well, In the story of Prophet Ibrahim, he was commanded by Allah to sacrifice his son Ismail. Before he could carry it out, Allah replaced Ismail with a ram. This story took place during the zulhijjah month, which month when muslims perform hajj. Plus, during performing hajj, pilgrims are obligated to sacrifice by Stoning the Jamrah, spending the night in Mina, and increasing acts of worship. These sacrifices are part of the obligatory rituals of Hajj.

2. TAQWA

ٱلْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌۭ مَّعْلُومَـٰتٌۭ ۚ فَمَن فَرَضَ فِيهِنَّ ٱلْحَجَّ فَلَا رَفَثَ وَلَا فُسُوقَ وَلَا جِدَالَ فِى ٱلْحَجِّ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا۟ مِنْ خَيْرٍۢ يَعْلَمْهُ ٱللَّهُ ۗ وَتَزَوَّدُوا۟ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ ٱلزَّادِ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَٱتَّقُونِ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ ١٩٧

˹Commitment to˺ pilgrimage is made in appointed months.1 Whoever commits to ˹performing˺ pilgrimage, let them stay away from intimate relations, foul language, and arguments during pilgrimage. Whatever good you do, Allah ˹fully˺ knows of it. Take ˹necessary˺ provisions ˹for the journey˺—surely the best provision is righteousness. And be mindful of Me, O people of reason!

❤️❤️❤️

How hajj and umrah build taqwa?

Ihram - teach self-restrain form bad feeling such as anger.

Tawaf and saie - increase humility as everyone regardless of their social status need to circling the kaabah and then it bring us close to Allah.

Wuquf at arafah -

This is the deepest moment of repentance as it raise awareness of Allah peaks in ourself.

Stoning jamrah -Symbolic rejection of Shaytan

Tadhiyyah - Reflects submission and willingness to give up for Allah.

To sum up, without taqwā, the rituals may be performed outwardly but miss their spiritual depth