VO2 Concept Map - CF by https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th en-us 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC 2026-03-03 16:30:09 UTC hello@padlet.com VO2max o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048554 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048554 Q o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048559 Liters of blood pumped per minute 
Stroke volume x heart rate ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048559 a-VO2 Diff o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048561 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048561 HR o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048563 measured in bpm
Speed which the heart beats ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048563 SV o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048566 Volume of blood ejected during ventricular contraction
Usually measured in mL]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048566 Contractility o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048568 Forcefulness of heart contraction
Increasing contractility reduces end-systolic volume - increases SV and subsequently cardiac output]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048568 Heart size o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048569 smaller heart size reduces cardiac output]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048569 Arterial oxygenation o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048573 significantly reduced in CF patients due to impaired gas exchange]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048573 Age/gender o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048575 Q is lower in women due to decreased ventricular size
Q at rest is unaffected by age
Q during exercise reduces with age ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048575 Venous Oxygenation o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048576 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048576 Fitness o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048578 Q increases with fitness levels]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048578 Hormones o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048580 pregnancy
catecholamines
endothelins
glucocorticosteroids
thyroid hormone
leptin]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048580 Diffusion defects o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048584 Reduced chloride efflux out of epithelial cells
Increased sodium and water influx ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048584 Arterial stiffness o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048587 Can affect arterial pressure and dynamics - impact cardiac performance ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048587 Alveolar ventilation-perfusion imbalance o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048590 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048590 Increased intrapulmonary shunt o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048595 passage of deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the left without participation in gas exchange in the pulmonary capillaries]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048595 Regional flow o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048601 The flow of blood through or around an organ or region of the body]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048601 Calcium insufficiency o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048602 Calcium increases heart rate which in turn affects cardiac output]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048602 Capillary density o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048603 Number of capillaries per unit cross-sectional area of muscle

]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048603 Genetics o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048605 Gene variations can alter metabolic rate - oxygen use
Arrhythmias, changes to heart muscle   ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048605 Autonomic system (catecholamines) o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048608 Noradrenaline 
Adrenaline ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048608 vessel radius o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048610 alters rate of blood flow]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048610 Medication o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048613 Beta blockers 
NSAIDs
Calcium channel blockers
Dopamine
Dobutamine]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048613 BMI/weight o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048617 Increased BMI can increase chance of heart failure 
Output is higher in obesity]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048617 Venous return o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048619 Amount of blood returned to the heart from various parts of the body
Directly proportional to cardiac output]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048619 Regulated by smooth muscle contraction, hormones, oxygen, pH changes o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048623 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048623 Alveoli fill with fluid o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048625 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048625 o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048627 It is a condition in which one or more areas of the lung receive oxygen but no blood flow, or they receive blood flow but no oxygen.]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048627 Medical conditions o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048631 Arrhythmias, coronary disease, etc. ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048631 Reduction of normal oxygen movement across the lung o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048634 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048634 Cause pulmonary oedema o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048640 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048640 what affects diffusion rate? o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048644 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048644 Temperature o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048647 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048647 The surface area of the membrane o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048649 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048649 Distance o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048651 Increased]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048651 Potential causes o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048652 COPD, Asthma, emphysema, sarcoidosis, pulmonary hypertension]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048652 Difference in concentration o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048655 In CF, less oxygen due to mucus obstructing - concentration difference reduces which in turn reduces diffusion ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048655 Increased pressure o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048657 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048657 Higher temp --> increase Ke --> move quicker and cross membrane quicker o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048659 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048659 Reduced VO2max o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048661 increased VO2max is linked to an increase in survival]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048661 The bigger a cell or structure is, the smaller its surface area to volume ratio is, slowing down the rate at which substances can move across its surface o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048664 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048664 The smaller the distance molecules have to travel the faster transport will occur o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048665 Degradation of elastin and collagen fibres (restrictive)]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048665 Can change in response to oxygen demand o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048666 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048666 The greater the difference in concentration on either side of the membrane, the faster movement across it will occur o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048667 Smaller concentration gradient ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048667 frequency of breath o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048672 increased respiratory rate in CF patients compared to normal individuals]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048672 tidal volume o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048674 increased tidal volume in CF patients compared to normal patients during exercise 

Reduced tidal volume at rest ]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048674 amount of dead space o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048677 Increased dead space 
- fibrosis and necrosis 
reduced gas exchanged 

]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048677 ventilation of lung region o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048679 Decreased/impaired air flow due to mucus]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048679 no gas exchange (no blood to facilitate gas exchange) o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048682 Reduced gas exchange due to mucus build up]]> 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048682 alveolar gas same composition as humidified air o_w_tomlinson https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048684 2023-02-13 13:30:48 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479048684 Overweight https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479138977 2023-02-13 13:40:14 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479138977 Underweight https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479139448 2023-02-13 13:40:22 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479139448 Increased in CF patients to compensate for pulmonary insufficiency nps2061 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479172403 2023-02-13 13:43:00 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479172403 lsas201 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479173543 increases amount of blood sent to active skeletal muscles 
as body temp increases more blood is sent to the skin]]> 2023-02-13 13:43:06 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479173543 Comorbidities https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479199054 - Diabetes 
- Hypertension 
- Obesity

]]> 2023-02-13 13:45:11 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479199054 Malnutrition https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479206346 2023-02-13 13:45:45 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479206346 lsas201 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479234090 women have smaller LV chambers and therefore a lower stroke volume 
women have a -23% smaller stroke volume 
can lead to nausea, SOB, swelling e.ct
apparently?

]]> 2023-02-13 13:48:10 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479234090 Increased complications of CF https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479236416 2023-02-13 13:48:20 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479236416 lsas201 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479264743 although their higher resting heart rate maintains a similar cardiac output to men some say? ]]> 2023-02-13 13:50:49 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479264743 Decreased muscle mass https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479269209 2023-02-13 13:51:12 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479269209 Reduced ability for blood vessels to respond to cues (dilating/restricting) https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479305733 2023-02-13 13:54:21 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479305733 lsas201 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479308085 Cardiac output at rest is unaffected by age. Maximum cardiac output and aerobic capacity are reduced with age. 
due to changes in the autonomic nervous system, along with age-related decrease in the number of cells in the sinoatrial node.]]> 2023-02-13 13:54:33 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479308085 CF can cause many endocrine disorders nps2061 https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479317263 Diabetes (insulin)
Bone diseases
Male hypogonadism]]> 2023-02-13 13:55:22 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479317263 Difficulty responding to demands for blood/oxygen https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479356041 2023-02-13 13:58:50 UTC https://padlet.com/o_w_tomlinson/e7vu6c10976ob1th/wish/2479356041