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      <title>North Philly Peace Park by Abigail Fortune</title>
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      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2020-11-17 21:38:54 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>History and Origins </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/938088523</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The North Philly Peace Park (NPPP) was founded in February 2012 by Tommy Joshua (a native Philadelphian), community organizers that were part of the <mark>Occupy Vacant Lots </mark>movement, educators, artists and folks in the Sharswood neighborhood. According to Pili X (a founding member of the Peace Park and its current Communications Director), frustration with chronically vacant and underused plots of land in the community led people to start clearing a parcel of land across from the Blumberg Housing Projects. 8 years later, the Peace Park is going stronger than ever and has successfully expanded to West Philly. <br>*For our project, we interviewed Pili X extensively and unless otherwise noted, most of our analysis/description of NPPP is based on the information he gave us*<br><br></div><blockquote>"Each Sunday, people (mothers, seniors, children) just kept on coming out, cleaning [the lot] up. Until it was clear of all the trash and mattresses and tires and drug paraphernalia and everything else you could probably think of that would be like in a land dump. And that was the start of the Peace Park." -- Pili X</blockquote>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.phillypeacepark.org/background" />
         <pubDate>2020-11-18 18:10:59 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Forced Relocation</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/956936650</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In 2015, the NPPP was displaced from its original location on Bolton Street as a result of the Philadelphia Housing Authority's (PHA) plan to build 57 affordable housing units on the site. Despite the fact that community members put up a significant fight, the NPPP ended up in its current location on Jefferson Street after PHA offered them secure land tenure for two lots. <br>*See link for more details* </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://generocity.org/philly/2016/07/18/north-philly-peace-park-tommy-joshua/" />
         <pubDate>2020-11-24 16:39:51 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title>Definition: Occupy Vacant Lots </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/956951523</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>It emerged as an offshoot of Occupy Wall Street and was a major proponent of urban gardening in Philadelphia; facilitated by the seizure of vacant or underutilized lots. <br>*See link for more details*  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://temple-news.com/occupy-vacant-lots-promotes-urban-farming-initiative/" />
         <pubDate>2020-11-24 16:43:15 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Original Bolton Street Location</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957029732</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>IMAGE: Google Street View </div><div>http://www.farmingphilly.com/2017/01/02/big-plans-little-cash-for-new-peace-park/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:02:00 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957029732</guid>
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         <title>New Jefferson Street Location</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957033954</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>IMAGE: Google Street View <br>https://www.google.com/maps/place/North+Philadelphia+Peace+Park/@39.9776334,-75.1722237,3a,75y,158.96h,90t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1s3rNCfVCxB_ydSDiw1Tq7sQ!2e0!6s%2F%2Fgeo2.ggpht.com%2Fcbk%3Fpanoid%3D3rNCfVCxB_ydSDiw1Tq7sQ%26output%3Dthumbnail%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26thumb%3D2%26w%3D224%26h%3D298%26yaw%3D158.95695%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i16384!8i8192!4m7!3m6!1s0x89c6c7c1aba181df:0x599eba8556abc4ca!8m2!3d39.977472!4d-75.172155!14m1!1BCgIgARICCAI?hl=en </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:03:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957033954</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Our Argument </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957049973</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The North Philly Peace Park is a prime example of a community reclaiming agency in the face of systemic neglect through a vanguard <strong>“DIY Development”</strong> approach; <em>whereby individuals or small groups take decisive action to change the environment in their community</em>. This approach is informed by an understanding both the <strong>psychological</strong> <strong>and material impacts</strong> of generational poverty/ disinvestment. </div><div><br></div><blockquote>"So, we [NPPP] were like big proponents of local development and people being developers. We call ourselves developers, um, because we have plans to develop our own community, and we call it Peace Town. You know, developer or development has like a negative connotation to it... But we are using reverse effect where as though we're telling people go out and come up with plans to develop you know, your block into better neighborhoods or whatnot." -- Pili X</blockquote>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:06:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957049973</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Context</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957072243</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Philadelphia is overall one of the poorest and most food-insecure major cities in the US. The screengrab attached is a 3-layer set of data powered by Policy Map using data from the ACS and Census Bureau. The purple shaded tracts are areas where over 45% of residents are Black, over 15% (the national average is 14.05%) live in poverty, and are food insecure. NPPP is in Census Tract 139, circled in yellow on the map. The Peace Park was established to address some of these conditions. <br><br>Some of these patterns emerged due to redlining between the 1930s and 1960s. Redlining was a process that drew maps with literal color-coded lines designating "undesirable" and "desirable" neighborhoods in every major city. These maps were used to determine housing loan eligibility and disproportionately, segregated neighborhoods where BIPOC people lived were deemed "undesirable", leading to disinvestment that was exacerbated by white flight to the suburbs and deindustrialization. As a result, poverty became concentrated in areas of the city with large Black and Latinx populations. <br><br></div><blockquote>"<em>Our official mission statement is you know, we're an intergenerational, neighborhood managed and campus championing, food education and community. And our work is largely to provide  reliefs to a lot of these social issues because you know, the solution isn't gonna come overnight but our programming is relief site programming to these issues." -- Pili X</em></blockquote><div><br>IMAGE: Policy Map </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:12:11 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957072243</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Psychological Impacts </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957086968</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Philadelphia consistently tops the list of big cities with large numbers of chronically abandoned lots. The unused, trash-infested empty spaces are the most visible signs of deindustrialization in the city. According to the City of Philadelphia, there are only 40,000 vacant lots now. But NPPP members like Pili note that just a decade ago, that number was almost 80,000. Despite that significant reduction, there are many <mark>obstacles</mark> for converting vacant lots to useable spaces. Because of continued disinvestment, the lots become environmental hazards and sites for illicit activities. But lots also negatively impact local residents who are surrounded by them.<br><br></div><blockquote>"If you come out of your house and you see vacant lots filled with trash every day that does something for your mental health. So even if you don't recognize it, um, you shouldn't be living like that, in those conditions, seeing vacant lots of trash." -- Pili X</blockquote><div><br>IMAGE: A vacant lot for sale in North Philadelphia <br>https://www.point2homes.com/US/Land-For-Sale/PA/Philadelphia/North-Philadelphia.html </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:16:01 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957086968</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Material Impacts </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957109064</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The material impacts of systematic neglect and racism include a wide range of countable issues from food insecurity to education access. People need more than just pleasant surroundings to thrive in a modern environment; they require tangibles goods like money and food. NPPP is located in the Zip Code Tabulation number 19121 which has a population of about 30,000 residents. According to Policy Map's report of the 2010 census, 48.69% of people living in this Zip Code were in poverty (see the attached table from Policy Map comparing poverty rate from zip code to city, county, state, and country). They made $15,844 per capita in income which was almost half the national average. Every fifth person doesn't have a high school diploma or above. And citywide, 20.1% of people were classified as food insecure.  NPPP's programming does not shy away from addressing these wounds in the neighborhood. <br><br></div><blockquote>"The obstacles that have been put forth against us only makes us go harder with the work. You know, COVID and the lockdown was an obstacle for a lot of organizations... But we just doubled our work. I think over the years, the obstacles that have come up come our way, we just use that as fuel to keep going to work." -- Pili X</blockquote><div><br>GRAPH: PolicyMap</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:21:39 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957109064</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>NPPP Response</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957248283</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Because of challenges associated with secure land tenure, the slow pace of legislative change and their desire to address the psychological impacts chronically vacant land has on residents, NPPP has been an advocate of <strong>immediate</strong> <strong>land seizure </strong>and<strong> "clean-up culture"</strong>, where community members take matters in their own hands, improving their blighted surroundings out of a sense of neighborhood pride and duty. However, the Peace Park volunteers have faced pushback from higher powers (like local government leaders and developers) for their actions.  <br><br>1. Land Seizure</div><blockquote>"So we've been like a big advocate of the seizure of land. And we know that due to advocating that, we've been told by, you know, people high up in a city that they don't want to set that precedent, because if that spreads, then you have thousands of people [rather than developers] taking over thousands of vacant lots that have been left to just decay and exist in a blighted state... On that vacant land, people should do a fence free garden and independent institution building-- so that could be anything." -- Pili X</blockquote><div><br>2. Clean-up Culture</div><blockquote>"Yeah, so at the park, we have two houses that are adjacent to it. And for years, we kind of been complaining and putting in reports to the city and to PHA who owns them, about these houses, because they're falling apart. There's a lot of drug activity in these houses, homeless people, prostitution, and it was bringing like a lot of bad energy and negative activity to the park. And for years, these reports have all been ignored. So early this year, we went into the houses and we cleaned them, because they were basically like cesspools of trash and filth... a homeless encampment. Then there were protests in the city over the summer, about the homeless encampment in North Philly. And we suspect they [PHA] used this as a reason to you know, raid the houses. When I say raid, I mean, like, they kicked in the doors and busted the windows." -- Pili X</blockquote><div><br>IMAGE: A map depicting the status of vacant lots in Philadelphia<br>South, Eugenia &amp; Hohl, Bernadette &amp; Kondo, Michelle &amp; MacDonald, John &amp; Branas, Charles. (2018). Effect of Greening Vacant Land on Mental Health of Community-Dwelling Adults: A Cluster Randomized Trial. JAMA Network Open. 1. e180298. 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0298. </div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:56:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957248283</guid>
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         <title>Definition: Obstacles for Vacant Lot Redevelopment </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957259539</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Even if community members come together to clean up a vacant lot like Pili and others did in North Philly, there are many other obstacles they face. The most significant is a lack of legal land tenure, or ownership. Their sweat equity does not translate to decision making ability, as Jenny Greenberg from the Neighborhood Land Trust pointed out. Most abandoned lots are privately owned but long neglected/forgotten or held in a land trust so community members need to go through many channels in hopes of obtaining tenure. This is a frustrating process. <br><br></div><blockquote>"People have went through the process of trying to do something with a lot of these vacant spaces properly by trying to find owners or going through the city and going through the land banks. But there's a lot of bureaucracy and people were getting held up for months and years, and aren't able to do stuff with the land because they're trying to go to the different agencies or owners. So we've been advocates of immediate seizure of vacant land." -- Pili X</blockquote>]]></description>
         <pubDate>2020-11-24 17:59:27 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/957259539</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>NPPP Response</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974344538</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>To address a multitude of needs, the NPPP has coordinated a multitude of programming. Their programs aim to <strong>address food insecurity in the community </strong>and <strong>build wealth through supporting small, Black-owned businesses.</strong> <br><br>Though the Peace Park is known for it's fence free garden, which gives people unrestricted access to the food grown there, offers an entry point into garden work and brings families together; it has arguably been most effective in helping the local community through its extensive programming. Since the beginning of the COVID pandemic, the project team has navigated barriers with innovation and output. For example, the NPPP hosts a "Bring Your Own Bag" event. NPPP volunteers buy wholesale staple goods/produce and then people come to collect groceries in an assembly style fashion. Initially this program was run quarterly basis, but since the start of the pandemic, the team has increased the program to run on a monthly basis. <br><br>In response to the systematic lack of investment in Black-owned businesses, the NPPP also launched the African American Marketplace/Black Market and Green Wall Street programs. Providing a space where entrepreneurs with no "brick and mortar" locations can vend their products for free helps them grow and profit.  Green Wall Street has a similar economic concept, but with a wellness-themed product list. </div><div><br></div><div>1. Food Programs</div><blockquote>"Because what happened when COVID hit, was that a lot of organizations kind of went offline and they stopped programming, they stopped services. A lot of people who were being serviced by a lot of community organizations or city agencies kind of were out left in the cold. We felt as though, you know, we couldn't stop our programming... We kind of like started doing it [our food programming] every month [instead of] just doing it four times a year... And it was like a great help for a lot of people." -- <em>Pili X</em></blockquote><div><br>2. Black Market and Green Wall Street LLC. </div><blockquote>"And, you know, in the Black community, a lot of the stores are not Black-owned. So our Black dollars that we make, doesn't stay like in our community for very long because we're spending it at stores owned by people that are from different races or nationalities. At the same time, a lot of Black businesses don't have brick and mortar storefronts. So, with COVID happening and a lot of businesses taking hits, we opened up our space, and we called it the Black Market, or African American Marketplace. And it's a space where once a month, Black businesses can come vend for free, which is unheard of. Because usually when you vend at a space or an event or somewhere, you need to pay a vending fee. Um, we felt as though a lot of Black businesses need the help, needed the space." -- Pili X</blockquote>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.phillypeacepark.org/" />
         <pubDate>2020-12-01 04:27:33 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974344538</guid>
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         <title>Conclusion</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974514349</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Through advocating for the seizure of vacant land, developing a clean-up culture, establishing various food programs and promoting Black businesses, the North Philly Peace Park (NPPP) exemplifies a "DIY Development" approach that aims to reverse the tide of chronic disinvestment. This approach also serves to address both the psychological and material impacts of generational poverty. <strong>The NPPP's vanguard approach and myriad of programming sets them apart from other community gardens in the city and empowers people to have greater agency over their surroundings. </strong>Though the garden's experience is generalizable in the sense that it was developed in response to the systemic inequality that plagues Philadelphia, NPPP's work and approach to community building is distinct and illustrates the far-reaching impacts of the city's burgeoning urban agriculture scene. <br><br></div><blockquote>"When it comes to like organizations, we [NPPP] are a vanguard organization. We feel as though a lot of the work that we do and the moves we make, um, influences other organizations and influences city officials/city agencies and offices." --Pili X </blockquote><div><br>*Special thanks to Pili X for his time and patience*</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-12-01 06:18:41 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974514349</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>New School at NPPP</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974522655</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The NPPP has <em>a major DIY education project</em> on the horizon. The project team has partnered with graduate students at the Penn School of Design to build an Afrofuturist-style building that will house an informal community school and spaces for educational programming. The school building's design draws inspiration from Western African landmarks, Afrofuturism and classic Philly architectural features such as porches. There are plans for significant environmental considerations in the design such as solar panels and water collection devices. The project team has also been building a team of teachers/community leaders to develop Afrocentric curriculum and workshops for the school. Though this school won't be an accredited institution, it will supplement what neighborhood youth aren't learning in underperforming local public schools and attempt to address the consequences of systemic education inequality in Philadelphia. This significant investment in community education will nurture young people in the neighborhood. <br><br></div><blockquote>"And, with a lot of schools closing because a lot of the buildings are old and they [the School District of Philadelphia] just don't want to fix them. But also just to educate you know, Black children on with an independent curriculum provided by Black educators. It's really important to us because we know that a lot of the students that are going to the public schools aren't getting an education based on you know, our history, or true history. Teaching children, the knowledge itself, was really important to us with all of the schools closings and with the level of quality of education in Philly." -- Pili X </blockquote>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://whyy.org/articles/afrofuturism-and-the-new-era-for-sharswoods-north-philly-peace-park/" />
         <pubDate>2020-12-01 06:23:38 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974522655</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Sources</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974547448</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<ul><li>Burnley, Malcolm. “Afrofuturism and the New Era for Sharswood's North Philly Peace Park.” <em>WHYY</em>, WHYY, 9 July 2018, whyy.org/articles/afrofuturism-and-the-new-era-for-sharswoods-north-philly-peace-park/. </li><li><em>Custom PolicyMap 3-Layer Map Race, poverty and food insecurity</em>. PolicyMap, (based on data from 2010 Census Data; accessed December 1 2020). </li><li>Duchene, Courtney. “North Philly Peace Park Provides Free Food to Families during Covid-19.” <em>The Philadelphia Citizen</em>, 12 May 2020, thephiladelphiacitizen.org/north-philly-peace-park-covid-19/. </li><li><em>Estimated percent of all people living in poverty as of 2014-2018. </em>PolicyMap, (based on data from 2010 Census and 2014-18 ACS; accessed December 1 2020). </li><li>Hoey, Joe. “Occupy Vacant Lots Promotes Urban Farming Initiative.” <em>The Temple News</em>, 27 Mar. 2012, https://temple-news.com/occupy-vacant-lots-promotes-urban-farming-initiative/.</li><li>“HOME.” <em>Philly Peace Park</em>, www.phillypeacepark.org/. </li><li>Patel, Rina. “Here’s the Story of How the Sharswood Community Fought Developers to Keep North Philly Peace Park Alive.” <em>Generocity Philly</em>, 18 July 2016, https://generocity.org/philly/2016/07/18/north-philly-peace-park-tommy-joshua/.</li><li>X, Pili, et al. “North Philly Peace Park.” 2020. </li></ul>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2020-12-01 06:37:59 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/974547448</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Architectural Rendering I</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/980437536</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>See images of the school below from: https://www.phillypeacepark.org/</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-12-02 16:21:29 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/980437536</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Architectural Rendering II</title>
         <author>afortune6</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/afortune6/e763yycqx29alfr1/wish/980458376</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2020-12-02 16:25:28 UTC</pubDate>
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