INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES by Vicky Ibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle en-us 2020-07-22 19:46:16 UTC 2025-10-07 14:22:19 UTC hello@padlet.com What are the three key components in the IDEA definition of intellectual disabilities? vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660393486 2020-07-22 19:48:56 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660393486 IDEA Definition vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660394640 The most recent conception of intellectual disability as a state of functioning reflecting the fit between a person's capabilities and his environment.]]> 2020-07-22 19:50:27 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660394640 (1) "Significantly sub-average intellectual functioning" must be demonstrated. The word significant refers to a score of 2 or more standard deviations below the mean on a standardized intelligence test (a score of approximately 70 or less) vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660421753 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 109)]]> 2020-07-22 20:34:18 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660421753 (2) An individual must also have significant difficulty with tasks of everyday living (adaptive behavior). vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660421984 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 109)]]> 2020-07-22 20:34:28 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660421984 (3)The deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior must occur during the developmental period to help distinguish intellectual disability from other disabilities. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660422055 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pgs. 109-110)]]> 2020-07-22 20:34:37 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660422055 What are the generalized characteristics of children and youth with intellectual disabilities? vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660430816 2020-07-22 20:50:53 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660430816 One of the learning characteristics of individuals with intellectual disabilities include slow learning rates, poor memory, attention problems, difficulty in maintaining and generalizing what they have learned and lack of motivation. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660466900 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg, 114)]]> 2020-07-22 21:57:06 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660466900 Another learning characteristic of individuals with intellectual disabilities is substantial deficits in adaptive behavior. Limitations in self-care, daily living skills, and social relationships are common. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660469813 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg.117)]]> 2020-07-22 22:03:09 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660469813 A third learning characteristic is that youth(s) with mild or borderline intellectual of disabilities can exhibit antisocial behavior such as difficulty accepting criticism, limited self-control, bizarre and inappropriate behaviors such as aggression or self-injury. Generally, the more severe the intellectual impairment, the higher the incidence and severity of problem behaviors. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660473468 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 120)]]> 2020-07-22 22:10:56 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660473468 There is a huge and disparate group of people with highly individual personalities with intellectual disabilities that display determination and a strong desire to learn. They get along well with others and are positive influences on those around them. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660479775 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 120)]]> 2020-07-22 22:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660479775 How can one distinguish across the mild, moderate, severe, and profound levels of intellectual disabilities? vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660517777 2020-07-22 23:41:08 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660517777 Mild level of intellectual disabilities are usually not identified until a child enters school, and even others as late as second or third grade. These children learn basic academic and vocational skills that allow them to be able to support themselves. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660522946 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 114)]]> 2020-07-22 23:50:59 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660522946 A child with moderate intellectual disabilities tends to show significant delays in development during his/her preschool years. Discrepancies in overall intellectual development and adaptive functioning generally grows wider between him/her and an age-matched peer. He/She had a tendency to have health and behavior problems. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660525507 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 114)]]> 2020-07-22 23:55:45 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660525507 Children with severe or profound intellectual disabilities are almost identified at birth or shortly afterward. Most of these infants have significant central nervous system damage along with other additional disabilities or health conditions. vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660528877 (Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 114)]]> 2020-07-23 00:01:29 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660528877 What are some of the most prevalent prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal causes of intellectual disabilities? vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660532976 2020-07-23 00:07:55 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660532976 Some of the most prevalent prenatal causes of intellectual disabilities: vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660535317       Biomedical:  chromosomal disorders; single-gene disorders; syndromes;
                             metabolic disorders; cerebral dysgenesis; maternal illnesses;
                            parental age
              Social:  poverty; maternal malnutrition; domestic violence;
                            lack of access to prenatal care 
      Behavioral:  parental drug use; parental alcohol use; parental smoking;
                            parental immaturity
    Educational:  parental cognitive disability without supports;
                            lack of preparation for parenthood


Etiologic Risk Factors for Intellectual Disabilities 
(Howard, Alber-Morgan,  & Konrad, 2017, pg. 122)    
        ]]> 2020-07-23 00:11:23 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660535317 Some of the most prevalent perinatal causes of intellectual disabilities: vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660549206  Biomedical:  prematurity; birth injury; neonatal disorders
          Social:  lack of access to birth care
  Behavioral:  parental rejection of caretaking;
                        parental abandonment of child
Educational:  lack of medical referral for intervention services at discharge


Etiologic Risk Factors for Intellectual Disabilities
(Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 122)]]> 2020-07-23 00:30:17 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660549206 Some of the most prevalent postnatal causes of intellectual disabilities: vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660554915   Biomedical:  traumatic brain injury; malnutrition; meningoencephalitis;
                         seizure disorders; degenerative disorders
           Social:  impaired child caregiver; lack of adequate stimulation;
                         family poverty; chronic illness in the family; institutionalization
   Behavioral:  child abuse and neglect; domestic violence;
                         inadequate safety measures; social deprivation;
                         difficult child behaviors
Educational:  impaired parenting; delayed diagnosis; 
                         inadequate early intervention services;
                         inadequate special education services;
                        inadequate family support


Etiologic Risk Factors for Intellectual Disabilities
(Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg, 122)]]> 2020-07-23 00:38:06 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660554915 What are some of the most effective current instructional methods utilized with students that have intellectual disabilities? vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660565173 2020-07-23 00:52:43 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660565173 Some of the most effective current instructional methods derived from empirical research are as follows: vickytibarra https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660569423 (1) Assess student's present levels of performance in order to identify and prioritize
      important instructional targets
(2) Define and task-analyze new knowledge and skills that need to be learned
(3) Design materials and activities in order to enable student to have frequent
      opportunities to respond in both guided and independent practice
(4) Provide prompts and cues; then fade them so student can respond naturally to
      occurring stimuli
(5) provide systematic consequences for performance in forms of contingent
      reinforcement, instructional feedback, and error correction
(6) include lessons with fluency-building activities
(7) utilize strategies to promote generalization and maintenance of newly
      acquired skills
(8) organize and carry out direct, frequent measurements of student performance 
      to use as data for instructional  determinations.

(Howard, Alber-Morgan, & Konrad, 2017, pg. 129)]]> 2020-07-23 00:57:54 UTC https://padlet.com/vickytibarra/e6166xcxq0f9ewle/wish/660569423