The Biological Approach by Holly Jones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn Made with an open mind en-us 2019-01-30 12:12:16 UTC 2019-01-30 12:12:21 UTC hello@padlet.com Psychosurgery: Main Components hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795048 Prefrontal Lobotomy
Prefrontal Leucotomy
  • Developed by Egas Moniz in 
]]> 2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795048 Assumption: Localisation of Brain Functions hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795050
  • The brain is split into 2 hemispheres and is made up of vast numbers of interconnected neurons.
  • The cerebral cortex of the brain ( the outer few millimetres) is split into 4 lobes; frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal.
  • Each area has a specific function meaning that if that part of the brain is damaged, it could result in the loss of a certain function.
    • Examples of lost functions
    • "Broca’s area” - prosterior portion of the frontal lobe - could result in speech and language problems if damaged
    • "Wernicke’s area” - prosterior portion of the left temporal lobe - could result in the inhibitory to understand language if damaged
    • Frontal lobes- responsible for thinking and creativity
    • Parietal lobes- responsible for senses eg. Pain, touch 
    • Temporal lobes- responsible for memory and processing audio
    • Occipital lobes- responsible for visual processing and receiving information directly from eyes
    ]]>     2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795050     Psychosurgery: Applying Assumptions hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795051 Evolutionary Theory
    • Approach to therapy known as ‘Medical Model’ 
    • Mental illnesses are like physical illnesses- need to be treated in a physical way eg. Direct manipulation of bodily processes (altering the brain)
    Localisation of brain functions
    • Removing certain areas that control/contribute to the psychological problems
    Neurotransmitters
    • Modern methods- stimulating areas of the brain
    • Low levels of certain neurotransmitters= possible mental disorders Eg. Low serotonin = depression
    • When the brain is stimulated, neurotransmitters increase which improves mental health
    ]]>     2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795051     Assumption: Neurotransmitters hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795052
  • The brain is made up of billions of neurons which are long thin cells that pass messages to one another through small gaps through synapse.
  • Messages are passed by chemicals called neurotransmitters which allow the brain to process thoughts and memories.
    • Mental Health
    • Serotonin -responsible for mood, sleep and appetite - too little serotonin has been linked with depression - Anti-depressants increase serotonin in post-synaptic receptor sites.
    • Dopamine - High levels of dopamine have been associated with symptoms of schizophrenia. Drugs that prevent dopamine activity reduce symptoms of schizophrenia.
    • Drug therapy = rebalancing chemicals in the brain.
    ]]>     2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795052     Assumption: Evolutionary Theory hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795053
  • The theory of evolution has been used to explain how human behaviour has changed over time.
  • Adaptive Characteristics are traits that give an animal a better chance of survival as the are better adaptive to their environment. The will reproduce and pass these genes on to their offspring - Natural Selection.
  • Example of natural selection - Altruism- When a parent risks their life for their offspring to ensure that their gene pool will continue. - Thought to be inherited. 
  • The Environment of Evolutionary Adaptiveness (EEA) is the environment to which any species is adapted to that includes the pressures of that time. - Explains that human’s have larger brains due to the complex social organisation of this time. - Humans with skills such as good communication and ability to form relationships are more likely to thrive.

    • ]]>     2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795053     Relationship Formation hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795054 Evolutionary Influences
    • Relationships form with people who possess certain traits
    • Males looks for - Young, more fertile, healthy women- shown by glossy hair, smooth skin.
    • Females look for - fertility and healthiness- people who will be able to provide things for them ( eg. Food, shelter)
    Neurotransmitters
    • The chemicals in our brain have a powerful effect on our emotions and will influence our perception of others.
    • Dopamine is associated with reward driven behaviour - finding the right partner after setting the goal and being driven will give a ‘natural high’ 
    • Oxytocin - linked to human bonding, romantic attraction and increasing trust and loyalty levels
    • Lack of physical contact= lower oxytocin
    ]]>     2019-01-30 12:12:20 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795054     Classic Evidence: Methodology hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795055 2019-01-30 12:12:21 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795055 Classic Evidence: Procedures hol_cjones https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795056 2019-01-30 12:12:21 UTC https://padlet.com/hol_cjones/e2jmzkfrpysn/wish/325795056