Group Assignment for next lesson

Create a creative overdub with the given video clip. Do a video recording of your group performance and post it here or send through the group Whatsapp.

The term musical form refers to the overall structure or plan of a piece of music, and it describes the layout of a composition as divided into sections. In the tenth edition of The Oxford Companion To music, Percy Scholes defines musical form as "a series of strategies designed to find a successful mean between the opposite extremes of unrelieved repetition and unrelieved alteration."

According to Richard Middleton, musical form is "the shape or structure of the work." He describes it through difference: the distance moved from a repeat; the latter being the smallest difference. Difference is quantitative and qualitative: how far, and of what type, different. In many cases, form depends on statement and restatement, unity and variety, and contrast and connection.

Dynamics offer a way to show expression in sheet music. They help to drive the emotional content of music through volume and intensity.We can also think of the intensity side of dynamics as the strength of a note. Some notes are meant to be played gently and lightly, while others are meant to be played more strongly.

We use the Italian terms piano and forte to indicate soft and loud. They are usually abbreviated p and f.

High pitch : like a child's voice

Low pitch : like a man with a deep voice

The full range of pitches is divided into different registers named OCTAVES.

The whole note(Semibreve) has the longest note duration in modern music. The half note(Minim) has half the duration of 1 whole note,which means duration of 2 half notes=duration of 1 whole note.The quarter note(Crotchet) is quarter of a whole note. Hence,duration of 4 quarter notes=duration of 1 whole note. 

Notes smaller in duration than a quarter note will have flags. Each flag halves the value of a note. An eighth note(Quaver) has one flag. Thus,duration of 2 eighth notes=duration 1 quarter note. A sixteenth note(Semi quaver) has two flags,halving the value again. Therefore,duration of 2 sixteenth notes=duration of 1 eighth note & duration of 4 sixteenth notes=1 quarter note. There are also notes with three or more flags but they are seldomly used.

A whole note lasts four beats. A half note lasts two beats. A quarter note lasts one beat. An eighth note lasts 1/2 beat and a sixteenth note lasts 1/4 beat.

Types of articulations

There are many types of articulation, each with a different effect on how the note is played. In music notation articulation marks include the slur, phrase mark, staccato,staccatissimo, accent, sforzando,rinforzando, and legato. A different symbol, placed above or below the note (depending on its position on the staff), represents each articulation.

Harmony is often said to refer to the "vertical" aspect of music, as distinguished from melodic line or the "horizontal" aspect. 

Counterpoint, which refers to the interweaving of melodic lines, and polyphony, which refers to the relationship of separate independent voices, are thus sometimes distinguished from harmony.

Dynamics also indicate the loudness of music. We use the Italian terms piano and forte to indicate soft and loud. They are usually abbreviated p and f.

The word mezzo (m) to p and f to create mp (mezzo-piano) and mf (mezzo-forte). Mezzo-piano (mp) is moderately soft and mezzo-forte (mf) is moderately loud can also be added into the music.

More than one p or f indicates a softer or louder dynamic, such as pp or fff.