History Timeline 1600s-1800s by Leona Tefera

Founding of Jamestown - 1607

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 12:55:05 UTC

The founding of Jamestown was settled on May 14, 1607. Jamestown was the first successful English settlement in America. Jamestown is significant because it marks a new era in America. Before Jamestown, the only settlement the English had discovered was Roanoke. The successful establishment of Jamestown proved that this was different and led to creations of other settlements throughout America, the eventual success of The Revolutionary War, and America becoming its own country.

The Plymouth Colony - 1620

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 12:57:24 UTC

The Plymouth Colony was established in 1620 and is known for being the first English settlement (in the region of modern-day New England) in the Americas. Religious separatists known as the "pilgrims" who crossed the Atlantic Ocean on the Mayflower in 1620 fled due to religious persecution seeking freedom from the English monarchy.

House of Burgesses - 1619

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 12:57:40 UTC

The House of Burgesses was the American colonies' first democratically elected legislative body. It was formed in July 1691 in Jamestown. It was made up of Burgesses, who were members of the house who were elected by county. They first met at a church in Jamestown, where they, along with the Governor, established the basic laws of the colony.

Jamestown Massacre - 1622

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 12:58:55 UTC

This is also known as the Indian massacre. This event was a coordinated series of surprise attacks that ended up killing a total of 347 people. It constituted a watershed in history of the Jamestown settlement.

Cause:Starvation and Disease

Effect:After the attack, colonists retreated inside eight protected, crowded settlements along the james river, where many soon died due to malnutrition.

The Middle Passage - 1650

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 12:59:14 UTC

The Middle Passage was the voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean into the New World. It was a portion of the triangular trade route, that took goods from Europe to Africa, and Africans worked as slaves in the Americas and West Indies on plantations. From about 1518 to the mid-19th century, millions of African men, women, and children made the 21-to-90-day voyage on overcrowded, un-hygienic sailing ships Slaver captains anchored on what was called the "Slave Coast" which was off the Guinea Coast for about a month to a year to trade "cargos" of 150 to 600 enslaved people, most who have been Kidnaped and forced to the coast under horrible conditions.

The Navigation Acts - 1651

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:00:05 UTC

This act was made up of strict rules put on colonists who wanted to trade their goods in Europe created by the English parliament. Colonists could only trade with England in English ships.

Causes: Colonists were trading lots of goods with other European countries, making lots of money, however, the English government wanted to get a cut of the money.

Effects:This act was followed by several others that forced additional limitations on colonial trade and increased custom duties.

Bacons Rebellion - 1676

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:00:27 UTC

The Bacon Rebellion of 1676 was an armed rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against the Colonial Governor of Virginia, William Berkley. The main goal of the rebellion was to seize Indians and change the policy of Native Indians in Colonial America. The Bacon Rebellion was significant because it was considered an early revolt against the British Parliament. This rebellion helped shape how the Revolutionary War was fought a century later.

Salem Witch Trials - 1692

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:02:17 UTC

The Salem Witch Trials of 1962 were multiple hearings of women burning at the stake for being tried as witches. These people were allegedly seen using witchcraft around Boston. The Salem Witch Trials were significant because they proved that fear can take over the critical thinking of a human. later, the trials brought up the attention of a thorough law system and everyone having the right to a lawyer in trial.

The Proclamation Line - 1763

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:03:58 UTC

A British-produced boundary marked in the Appalachian mountains at the Eastern continental divide. The purpose was to reconcile with the Native Americans by checking the encroachment of settlers on their lands. This was to stabilize the relationship between the British colonists and the Native Americans.

Cause:British wanted to end the rebellion and build trust with the indigenous peoples

Effect:prohibited Anglo-American colonists from settling on lands acquired from the French

The Stamp Act - 1765

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:05:17 UTC

The Stamp Act of 1965 saw Great Britain impose direct taxes on a few goods, mainly stamps. While raising revenue for the war British soldiers were fighting, the taxes reminded the colonists of what would happen if they ganged up and tried to rebel. It also reminded the colonists to fear the British Parliament if they tried to disobey. The Stamp Act is significant because it imposed a temporary congress through the 13 colonies, four of which did not attend, to get together and discuss ways to overcome these taxes. That congress was one of the first sights of a national meeting and would be the blueprint for what people wanted in a government.

Non-Importation Boycotts - 1768

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:05:45 UTC

The non importation boycotts was a series of economic protest used by American colonists in the 1760s & 1700s to resist British policies. Merchants And traders agreed to boycott goods that ere subject to the Townshed Revenue act until the taxes on those goods were repealed. After the French & Indian war, Britains sought to raise revenue from the American colonies to help pay off war debts. Colonists refused to import goods, including textiles and tea. As a result of the successful boycott, and pressure from British Merchants that lost money, Britain gave in!

The Boston Tea party - 1773

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:06:22 UTC

The Boston Tea Party took place on December 16th, 1773. It was a direct protest by American Colonists against Britain's High taxation policies, specifically the Tea Act of 1773. After the French and Indian War of 1754-1763, Britain decided to raise taxes from its American Colonies to cover the debt caused by the war. This Tea Act designed by the British parliament also provided British company merchants an unfair advantage in the Tea Trade and an increase in taxes, causing colonists to be outraged. They banded together in the cover of night and threw 342 chests of tea belonging to the British East India Company into the Boston harbor.

The Declaration of Independence - 1776

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:07:33 UTC

By creating this declaration, 13 colonies severed their political connections to Great Britain. The reason why this was created was because more and more colonists became convinced that Parliament intended to take away their freedom. As a result they created this document to help seek independence. Two basic ideas: God made all men equal and gave them the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; (2) the main business of government is to protect these rights.

The Articles of Confederation - 1777

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:07:44 UTC

The Articles of Confederation was a list of rules and agreements among the 13 colonies of Colonial America. The Articles of Confederation were short-lived because they forgot to add many details. The details showed that they favored the state's power over the country's power. This was the case as, coming from British rule, the agreement really wanted to separate from that ideal that they had lived with for many years before. The Articles of Confederation were significant because, while it was problematic, it was a physical representation of the 13 colonies coming together and creating national government functions.

The Ratification Debate - 1787

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-22 13:08:02 UTC

The Ratification Debate was a debate between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists to settle on the new Constitution. Anti-Federalists opposed the idea of the new Constitution, stating that the new system threatened their liberties and failed to protect all that they fought against in the Revolution. They felt strongly about these ideas of independence (such as in taxation laws) rather than overall government functionality. They felt that the Constitution gave too much power to the government and took away too much power from the people. However, due to the Failure of the Articles of Confederation, Federalists strongly believed governmental change was needed and that issues such as sufficient funding, overarching laws, and the idea of the lack of a "united nation" needed to be addressed through the creation of the new Constitution.

Powhatan War - 1610-1614

ltefera1_1 — 2024-10-23 16:21:01 UTC

The Anglo-Powhatan War took place in Jamestown involving the English colonists and an alliance of Algonquian speaking Virginian Indians, led by Powhatan. After the English settled in Virginia in 1607, they faced severe droughts and harsh winters, making survival difficult. Struggling to sustain themselves, they pressured Tsenacomoco Indians for assistance, resulting in escalation of conflict along the James river, peaking into a war in the fall of 1609

Second Continental Congress - 1775

kchugh2_1 — 2024-10-23 16:22:20 UTC

The Second Continental Congress was a meeting preparing for after the deadly battle of Lexington and Concord.

"Adding one last thing"

kchugh2_1 — 2024-10-23 16:50:18 UTC

The first value/ideal that we believe is central to the founding of America is a change in democracy/culture. This is seen in The Articles of Confederation, where the colonies met up and changed the rules and agreements they had lived with for the past 10 years. A second value/ideal that we believe is central to the founding of America is resistance. This is seen in the debate between federalists and anti-federalists wanting different things for the new nation.

Era of Good Feelings - 1815

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:36:03 UTC

This was the national mood of the US. Thanks to the Napoleonic Wars, American citizens could afford to pay less to European political and military affairs. the United States turned inward, enjoying the feelings of victory, peace and prosperity in the first few years of the era. A Boston newspaper editor dubbed the period the “Era of Good Feelings” in July 1817. Other writers followed the trend with mixed seriousness and part sarcasm. The Federalist Party was gone, but some of President Madison's economic policies revealed a division within Democratic-Republicans.

Lewis and Clark - 1804

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:36:13 UTC

The Lewis and Clark expedition was a westward exploration led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Thomas Jefferson commanded them to explore what land the country had obtained from the Louisiana Purchase. The trip was nearly 8,000 miles and took around two years to complete. President Thomas Jefferson requested them to take notes of the land features, the Native Americans, and the Native American culture. This expedition was significant to the United States history because it contributed to geographical and scientific knowledge.

Louisiana Purchase - 1803

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:37:25 UTC

The Louisiana Purchase was when the United States purchased Louisiana from France. At that moment, it was the largest land purchase in U.S. history, doubling the size of the United States. This boosted the patriotism of the United States because it strengthened the country physically and strategically.

Manifest Destiny - 1812

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:38:09 UTC

Manifest Destiny is a way of life adopted by Americans around the early 1800s. It touches on the inevitability of continued territorial expansion west of the United States. This phrase would later become a crucial piece of American history. Later, the painting American Progress would be an illustration that demonstrated what people associated the meaning of Manifest Destiny with. This phrase and painting are essential to the United States because they bonded everyone together during the era of Manifest Destiny. It gave hope for the future and the Westward Expansion, too.

Indian Removal Act - 1830

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:38:41 UTC

The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830, authorizing the president to grant lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few tribes went peacefully, but many resisted the relocation policy. During the fall and winter of 1838 and 1839, the Cherokees were forcibly moved west by the United States government. Approximately 4,000 Cherokees died on this forced march, which became known as the "Trail of Tears."

Missouri Compromise - 1820

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:41:23 UTC

Under the Missouri Compromise, Missouri and Maine entered the Union simultaneously, Maine as a free state, Missouri as a slave state, and a line was drawn across the remainder of the Louisiana territory north of which slavery was forbidden. This Missouri Compromise drew a line from east to west along the 36th parallel, dividing the nation into competing halves—half free, half slave. The House passed the compromise bill on March 2, 1820.

The Hartford Convention - 1814

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:42:40 UTC

Party delegates securely debated and rejected secession. They drafted constitutional amendments strengthening state controls over commerce and militias. As congress received the proposals made by the Hartford Convention, the American victory of New Orleans and the signing of the treaty of Ghent happened. A series of meetings in 1814-1815 in Hartford, CT in which New England Federalists met to discuss their opposition to the War of 1812.Opposed growing federal government power (ironic?). New England states even spoke about secession (leaving the country)

Once devoted to national power now favored a state-led approach…

The Panic of 1819 - 1819

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:42:56 UTC

The Panic of 1819 was a financial crisis caused by the westward expansion. The Bank had printed far too much money, causing inflation to set in. Money was printed without gold backing, and the bank ordered all loans to be paid in full. Officers seized farms and homes from those who didn't pay their debts. dramatic decline in cotton prices, a contraction of credit by the Bank of the United States designed to curb inflation, an 1817 congressional order requiring hard-currency payments for land purchases, and the closing of many factories due to foreign competition.

War of 1812 - 1812

kchugh2_1 — 2024-11-14 13:43:25 UTC

This conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of the US maritime rights. The french revolutionary war sparked the war of 1812. The constant conflict between France and Britain blocked the US from trading with the other. The Mississippi River was declared freely open to both countries. Although the treaty was ratified by both countries, it was highly unpopular in the United States and was one of the rallying points used by the pro-French Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, in wresting power from the pro-British Federalists, led by George Washington and John Adams.

The Monroe Doctrine - 1823

ltefera1_1 — 2024-11-15 03:30:27 UTC

The Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy declaring that the Old World and New World had different systems and must remain distinct spheres. He stated that the United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers, the United States recognized and would not interfere with existing colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere, the Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization, and any attempt by a European power to oppress or control any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the United States.