Basic First Aid: RICE and DRABC by MICHELLE SUMALHAY

Basic First Aid: RICE and DRABC

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:13:50 UTC

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:14:36 UTC

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. identify the steps of the RICE and DRABC first aid procedures;

b. demonstrate the proper application of the RICE and DRABC during simulation activity; and

c. value the importance of first aid knowledge by showing readiness to help during emergency situation.

What is First Aid?

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:33:13 UTC

First Aid is the immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly taken ill before professional medical help becomes available.

Characteristics of a good First Aider:

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:41:10 UTC

Calm – Able to stay relaxed and think clearly, even in emergencies.
Focused – Pays attention to what needs to be done and avoids distractions.
Observant – Notices important details about the injured person and the environment.
Compassionate – Shows care and concern for the person who is hurt.
Respectful – Treats the injured person with dignity and kindness.
Confident – Trusts their own knowledge and skills to take action.
Quick but Careful – Acts fast when needed, but always in a safe and thoughtful way.
Knowledgeable – Has the right information and knows the steps to give proper first aid.

What is RICE?

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:44:22 UTC

RICE is a basic first aid technique used to treat sprains, strains, and other minor muscle injuries.

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:45:49 UTC

RICE stands for:

R – Rest: Stop any activity that could worsen the injury. Let the affected area rest.
I – Ice: Apply a cold compress or ice pack wrapped in a towel to reduce swelling.
C – Compression: Use an elastic bandage to wrap the injured area (not too tight) to help reduce swelling.
E – Elevation: Raise the injured part above heart level to minimize swelling and pain.

What is DRABC?

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:48:30 UTC

DRABC is a systematic approach used when encountering a collapsed or unconscious person. It ensures safety and proper assessment before giving CPR or further aid.

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:49:11 UTC

DRABC stands for:

D – Danger: Ensure the area is safe for you and the victim.
R – Response: Tap the shoulders and ask loudly, “Are you okay?”
A – Airway: Gently tilt the head back and lift the chin to open the airway.
B – Breathing: Look, listen, and feel for breathing for no more than 10 seconds.
C – Circulation: Check for signs of circulation like movement, coughing, or pulse. If absent, call emergency services and begin CPR if trained.

Activity Simulation

ssumalhaymichelle — 2025-07-08 14:54:09 UTC

Instructions:

Form groups of 4–5 students.
- 1 injured victim (with either a sprain or unconscious condition)
- 1–2 responders (first aiders)
- 1–2 observers (to evaluate using a checklist)
Create two scenarios per group:
- Scenario A: A classmate sprained their ankle during P.E.
  - Apply RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
- Scenario B: A person collapsed and is unresponsive.
  - Apply DRABC: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation
Perform the simulation one scenario at a time.
Rotate roles so each student gets to experience being a first aider.