Censorship and Free Speech Historical Events by Nicole Doyle https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg What we learned about the history of censorship and free speech en-us 2021-01-07 20:43:03 UTC 2024-05-27 17:57:11 UTC hello@padlet.com 1873 nicoledoyledc https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1986505511 Anthony Comstock (roughly 1873) – connected to the “Comstock Law”, first US federal anti-obscenity statute – limits mailing of materials related to contraception or abortion]]> 2022-01-11 16:52:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1986505511 2000 nicholaskiproff https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1988914102 Eminem released the album ''The Marshall Mathers LP'' back on May 23rd, 2000. This album caused a lot of outrage regarding its lyrics at the time. ]]> 2022-01-12 18:49:07 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1988914102 John Golwala (1933) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1988947170 Nazi Germany is probably the most well-known, 20th century, case of mass censorship. Mass book burnings and persecution of people with ideas that conflicted with Nazi philosophy first began on April 6, 1933 with a proclamation released by the German Students Association for Press and Propaganda. They urged the “cleansing” of literature and threw public festivals to celebrate the bonfires.]]> 2022-01-12 19:06:30 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1988947170 Mark Twain (1885) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989035434 The book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published 1885. The book was banned, burned and some riots occurred because of its racial slurs, violent language and inappropriate for children. It was banned in many states across in United States. The New York public schools banned it for its excessive use of racial slurs. An article counted using the "N" word 150 times. Parents and teachers found it negatively impacted students, and it made students uncomfortable reading it allowed in class.

-Ashley Terwillegar

 ]]> 2022-01-12 19:53:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989035434 Bolshevik censorship in Russia (1917) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989045767 Ban of all books that did not agree with communist beliefs. Including religious books such as The Bible and Quarn.

Anina Kostelski]]> 2022-01-12 20:00:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989045767 2004 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989113875 Theo Van Gogh was assassinated shortly after the debut of his recent film "Submission". The film was made to condemn the mistreatment of women in Islam.
-Antonio Pasqua]]> 2022-01-12 20:45:15 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989113875 Emmanuel Corral - Braille Books Banned in Paris (1892) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989393386 The director of Paris school for the blind ordered all books written in Braille to be disposed. He did not favour the idea of blind students being able to read. Fortunately, not all employees complied with his instruction, and discreetly continued the usage of the coded writing. Braille was eventually restored at the school. If it weren't for those employees who preserved the code, we would not have Braille books today, and the blind would've had limited access to information.]]> 2022-01-13 01:38:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989393386 1562 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989546645 Due to conflict with religion and ideology, Spaniards and leader Fray Diego de Landa, acting bishop of the Yucatan, burned many of the Mayan's sacred books in 1562. Specifically, the Mayans did not agree with the Christian ideology the leader was trying to teach them, resulting in the Spaniard's actions.
- Sian Carroll]]> 2022-01-13 03:47:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1989546645 1933 Nazi Censorship by Chris Busse https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990673959 Nazi Germany is probably one of the most well known cases of mass censorship in the 20th century.

The custom of mass book burnings in Germany and the persecution of people who went against the ideas of the Nazis all started on April 6th, 1933. The German Students Association for Press and Propaganda urged the mass cleansing of books and even held public events in order to mass burn books. around 25 000 University books were burned as they were deemed un-German. Even well known authors like Earnest Hemingway, Jack London, Hellen Keller and many more that did not according to Nazi philosophy was deemed as un-German and were burned.

Lastly in the effort to abolish Jewish culture and book written by a jewish author was also burned at mass book burnings.

]]> 2022-01-13 15:57:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990673959 1859 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990680232 On the Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, expounds the theory of natural selection. TH Huxley publicly defends Darwin against religious fundamentalists.]]> 2022-01-13 16:00:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990680232 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990780243 1633
Galileo Galilei was hauled before the inquisition after making claims that the sun does not revolve around earth.]]> 2022-01-13 16:46:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990780243 The Patriot Act https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990993604 2001
In the wake of 9/11, the Patriot Act gives the US government new powers to investigate individuals suspected of being a threat, raising fears for civil liberties.

Jordan Dolman
]]> 2022-01-13 18:33:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1990993604 Freaks https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991019661 1932 Todd Brownings film "Freaks"  was censored by MGM having edits made to the original without the consent of director on the grounds that audiences had reacted poorly to the grotesque images of carnival sideshow characters. The  shortened version of the film was still banned for years by the BBFC only finally coming to light in the 60s, now being considered a lost classic.]]> 2022-01-13 18:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991019661 1562 Mayan books burned https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991032952 the missionary's burned all of Mayan books to destroy there religion. the missionaries  where removing freedom of speech from mayans. -Ethan Callaway]]> 2022-01-13 18:53:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991032952 Waco Siege February 28th, 1993 - April 19th, 1993 josephlia2001 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991037229 In the early hours of February 1993 ATF agents were dispatched to the Mount Carmel Center to issue a search warrant to the Branch Davidians on suspected weapon violations. Branch David leader David Koresh was met with gunfire from the ATF the Davidians fired back until a cease-fire was made. As the days grew into weeks David Koresh made a deal with the FBI negotiator saying that if he can broadcast his message they would leave. The FBI complied with his demands but they took out a lot of what his message said. angry David Koresh stayed in the compound, another deal was made with David he was to write his version of the seven seals then come out. The FBI went back on their deal with David and decided the siege was over. Armed with tear gas mounted on tanks they smashed through the compound filling it with the gas, a fire started because of the gas causing many lives to be lost including many children. The days after the siege panted the Davidians as this doomsday cult that started the siege. years later what really happened came to light this is one of many instances where censorship put normal people in a bad light.       ]]> 2022-01-13 18:55:56 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991037229 Freaks 1932 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991043666 Todd Browning's 1932 film " Freaks" was censored by MGM studios due to the poor reaction of audencies  while testing the film. Without consent the studio edited Brownings film and released the shortened version which was eventually banned by the BBFC claiming the film to be commercially exploitive  to the film's title characters. The original film in its entirety is considered a lost film.]]> 2022-01-13 18:59:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991043666 1559-1966 michaelpanagakos https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991142577 The Index of Forbidden Books is a list of books that the catholic church banned as they were deemed to be dangerous to the faith of the Catholics.
The index contained a list of upwards of 4000 books that were banned from reading. The index was in effect up until 1966 where it was finally abolished.

]]> 2022-01-13 19:55:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991142577 1885 laurencmorrison https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991206712 The novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, was released in 1884 and banned from libraries just a year after. The book caused controversy as people thought the story was irreligious, trashy and obsolete. 
 -Lauren Morrison ]]> 2022-01-13 20:39:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991206712 Cultural revolution (1966 - 1976) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991277108 During the 20th century under a campaign led by  Mao Zedong  to create a utopia targeted libraries and books deemed to be politically incorrect, religious, of traditional value, etc.   During this period any anti-communist works that did not support socialism/ communism and  was of anti-Maoist literature was to be censored, banned, and were categorized to be deemed dangerous. Public book burnings and social public shaming served as a tool and deterrent to destroy and discourage use of any material not deemed appropriate by the CCP. 

Joshua. Payuan]]> 2022-01-13 21:40:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1991277108 213 BC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1992710134 Emperor Qin Shi Huang persecuted scholars and destroyed books he deemed to be useless. With the exception of books about medicine, agriculture, prophesy, and historical records of himself. Books that were deemed "useless" were burned.
- Aiesha Lewis]]> 2022-01-14 17:13:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1992710134 A Universal Standard: Article 19 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993145510 After World war II the international communities came together to create new institutions, to stop such a thing from happening again. the most important ones of these new institutions were the United Nations and the UN charter. they were important in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948 “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression.” the UN General Assembly adopted UDHR, in the 1960s with exceptions allowing temporary restrictions to preserve "public order" 

All information was gathered from : Freedom of Expression: History | Democracy Web

- student: Logan Morais ]]> 2022-01-14 23:56:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993145510 England's Licensing Order of 1643 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993183446 Also known as the Ordinance for the Regulating of Printing, England's Licensing Order of 1643 aimed to restore censorship in English publishing after the abolition of the Star Chamber Decree of 1637. The Ordinance gave the English parliament the right to track and register all members of the publishing industry, pre-license all forms of print, seize and destroy all print detrimental to the government and prosecute those responsible for it. 

- Brendyn Beck ]]> 2022-01-15 01:23:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993183446 Pussy Riot 2012 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993670522 Pussy Riot is a feminist protest performance art punk rock band formed in 2011, Moscow. The group is composed of 11 members initially the group was formed in response to government policies that discriminated against women. Pussy Riot gained national attention in 2012 after a performance at Moscow's Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The group approached the altar and performed a mock prayer for the Virgin Mary to take President Vladimir Putin out of power. The result was the arrest of three of the members with two members on the lamb. The resulting arrests further enforce the fact that censorship and severe response by authorities is a part of the political agenda set by Putin.  

Sabina Ahad

]]> 2022-01-15 17:20:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993670522 June 15, 1215 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993872764 The Magna Carta, a document created due to the abuse of England's King John, states that no one is above to law. This includes the king, the lawmaker, and anyone with a higher power. The Magna Carta was the foundation of documents such as the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights. (Shanahan Arulnathan)]]> 2022-01-16 01:27:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993872764 1876 the fire of Alexandria https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993882512 between 50 B.C. and A.D. 700, The fire that burned down the Library of Alexandria in Egypt is one of the most important instances of censorship even today. Perhaps a mistake, the fire set in the library destroyed over 40,000 manuscripts. Many of these were only copies and the valuable information they held is forever lost.

- Adriena Ranieri]]> 2022-01-16 01:56:28 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1993882512 399 BC Trial of Socrates https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1994629984 In 399 BC the Trial of Socrates was held. Socrates was being accused of two crimes: impiety to the Athenian pantheons and corruption of a city state. This is because Socrates believed that ideas should be free, and people should be able to speak without the shackles of society or government. The trial was close, but in the end free speech did not prevail and Socrates was executed.

By Justin Griesbach

Sources

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Socrates/Platos-Apology

]]> 2022-01-16 19:36:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1994629984 1789 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1994760506 Marquis de Lafayette created the Declaration of the Rights of Man to serve the French Constitution of 1791. It held the central values that brought about the French Revolution, ultimately protecting the rights of France's citizens, laying the groundwork for free speech, democracy, and individual liberty.

- Sean Reilly (100780072)]]> 2022-01-16 22:33:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1994760506 Criticism of US Government officials made illegal 1798 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1996425741 In 1798 a law was passed that made it illegal to make any criticisms towards any US government official. The law made it impossible to say anything negative unless the criticism was able to be proved in a court of law. During this time over two dozen people were arrested until later pardoned by Thomas Jefferson when he became president two years later.]]> 2022-01-17 18:39:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1996425741 2002 Nigerian Riot https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1998820606 In 2002, Isioma Daniel, a Nigerian journalist provokes Muslims by writing about the Prophet Mohammed and Miss World. This creates a lot of strong, angry feelings from the community and leads to riots which leave more than 200 dead. With a lot of freedom of expression and speech laws, Nigeria at the time is not used to people coming out and publicly enticing a whole religion like that. With Islam being the second biggest religion in Nigeria, this journalist upset many many people. 
- Teagan Martire]]> 2022-01-18 19:25:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1998820606 Charlie Hebdo Terror Attacks 2006~2015 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999266096 Charlie Hebdo is a French satirical  magazine and in 2006 they published an article with a cartoon depiction of Mohammed saying "it's hard being loved by jerks". This caused outrage and the French president condemned the article and said offensive things shouldn't be said and should be avoided. In 2011 their offices were firebombed. In 2012 they posted more cartoons depicting Mohammed and in 2015 they were hit with a terrorist attack. Two Islamic gunmen entered the building and killed 12 people while shouting  "Allahu akbar" and also "the Prophet is avenged". The day after the attack the remaining staff announced they would continue their publications.

-Patrick McCaskie
Sources:
https://democracyweb.org/freedom-of-expression-history
https://www.ft.com/content/d30b0c22-96ee-11da-82b7-0000779e2340
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo#2006_publication]]> 2022-01-19 01:06:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999266096 Petition of Right - England (1628) https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999677935 The Petition of Right was sent by the English parliament to King Charles l complaining about a series of breaches of law. This very important document sets out the rights and liberties of the common man as opposed to the prerogatives of the crown. It expresses many of the ideals that later led to the American Revolution. 

-Adrian Garib (100712058)]]> 2022-01-19 06:40:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999677935 2005 - The Serious Organized Crime and Police Act tylerbrace79 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999692401 In 2005, the Serious Organized Crime and Police Act came in the UK to set up the Serious Organized Crime Agency and delegate it's functions. Part of the Serious Organized Crime and Police act was to ban any protests within 1 kilometre of the British Parliament. People who want to protest outside of Parliament or in Trafalgar Square which is a public space where protesting often happens, must let the Metropolitan Police know six days in advance https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/libertycentral/2008/dec/16/serious-organised-crime-act 

- Tyler Brace

]]> 2022-01-19 06:51:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999692401 John Milton's Areopagitica: 1644 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999884144 Shortly after the Licensing Order of 1643, John Milton wrote the speech Areopagitica, in which he famously criticized pre-publication censorship.
Milton seemed to believe that society's exposure to both the good and bad would be ultimately positive in how people would learn and grow.

Sources:
https://mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1259/john-milton
https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1033/printing-ordinance-of-1643

~Jasmine Codling]]> 2022-01-19 08:46:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/1999884144 1516 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2000771948 In The Education of a Christian Prince by Eramus, he stated "In a free state, tongues too shall be free]]> 2022-01-19 15:51:22 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2000771948 Charlie Hebdo https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2001048974 An attack on Charlie Hebdo's offices occurred on January 7. French brothers Chérif and Sa*d Kouachi armed with assault rifles broke into the magazine's offices and murdered caretaker Frédéric Boisseau. Afterward, they forced cartoonist Corinne ("Coco") Rey to enter a security code that granted access to the second floor, where an editorial meeting was taking place. After storming the newsroom, the attackers started shooting.]]> 2022-01-19 17:37:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2001048974 Gregory Lee Johnson https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2001136228 In 1984 Gregory Lee Johnson burned an American flag outside of the convention centre where the Republican National Convention was being held in Dallas, Texas. Johnson had burned the flag to protest the policies of President Ronald Reagan. he was fined and sentenced to one year in jail

]]> 2022-01-19 18:14:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2001136228 1791 https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2004178993  The First Amend-ment of the US Bill of Rights guarantees four freedoms they are religion, speech, the press and the right to assemble. 

-Lazarus Pommells]]> 2022-01-21 02:28:30 UTC https://padlet.com/nicoledoyledc/dmvfypjts28mxtvg/wish/2004178993