In the other case, the change in color of some fruits obeys to an enzymatic reaction caused by enzymes reside in in the chloroplast, present in apples tissue, when this reacts with oxygen, an accidental form changes its color, a bit of its flavor and under extreme oxidation, its texture. A brown apple keeps being an apple anyways.

Matter and form model analyzed:
Strength: Matter and form analysis was a way to explain change and matter; although lacking the scientific understanding of today, he defined the essence of things by observing the tangible part (matter) and theorizing on the intangible (causes of form). Aristotle´s theories about matter and form are precursors of great discoveries, including some of the 20th century.

Weakness: matter and form as components of substance are insufficient to explain the physical and chemical processes that substances undergo during accidental changes. Aristotle´s concepts just put a label on those processes but did not go further to explain them.

Towards Mechanism
I think that philosophers of Descartes’s time were all motivated to finding the elemental unit of matter (or corpuscle) that made bodies different; some were looking at the problem from the mechanics of solids perspective, while biologists were actually looking for the fundamental unit of life. In their eyes, there was certainly a great difference between solids and living matter. Although at the end, we all know that it all comes to atoms, but they did not know back then.

Preformation and the microscope
Before the microscope, Cartesian philosophers were theorizing on complex problems such as animal generation in a way that resembles the Aristotelian substantial form theories. Harvey himself revoked his own theory on human fertilization for it lacked of scientific foundations. With the discovery of the microscope, a new minute world open and their perception of animal generation shed new light in favor of the preformationists and epigenesists had a hard time explaining their theories.

Reconsidering the scientific revolution
That the scientific revolution is the real origin of the modern world and of the modern mentality is something I can agree dearly. However, we cannot conceive a scientific revolution without the philosophical achievements of middle age and the ancient world. Some of those philosophical ideas are still believed true today.