Benefits: clean air or national defense, benefits are given by the government on subsets of the public. Price subsidies to dairy farmers and loans to college students are examples. 

Problems: “ The difficulty interest groups face in recruiting members when the benefits can be obtained without joining is referred to as the free rider problem.” 

The easy access to the government is known as multiple cracks. They can get in the government and persuade high powered politicians, this right is protected by the constitution. 

People join interest groups because they feel the need to be a part of a group that share the same interests. People build communities for the benefit of the people and government. 

“Olson used economic theory to propose that it is not rational for interested individuals to join groups that work for group benefits. In fact, it is often more rational for the individual to wait for others to procure the benefits and then share them.” 

The courts make it to where people will get arrested by physically beating up other people on opposing interest groups. The courts also make people go to jail for killing or stealing from other interest groups. This protects interest groups while also limiting their power. The courts also make sure the laws and things the interest groups try to get in place are constitutional. Citizens United
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Depending on the size of the movement, it can be supported by government officials. Since interest groups with have those who oppose it, it can cause a split opinion on the topic. If the interest is appealing, then it can go through congress. There is public interest groups and special interest groups. 

“Direct techniques include testifying before committees and rule-making agencies, providing information to legislators, rating legislators’ voting records, aiding political campaigns, and building alliances. Indirect techniques to influence government include campaigns to rally public sentiment, use of social media to generate public pressure, efforts to influence the climate of opinion, and the use of constituents to lobby for the group’s interests. Unconventional methods of applying pressure include demonstrations and boycotts.” 

“Purposive incentives is a reason for supporting or participating in the activities of a group based on agreement with the goals of the group. For example, someone with a strong interest in human rights might have a purposive incentive to join Amnesty International. “The individuals who belong to a group focusing on the abortion issue, gun control, or environmental causes, for example, do so because they feel strongly enough about the issues to support the group’s work with money and time. They are also the most likely members to have come out of a social movement and to see that joining the group will strengthen their influence on an issue of great personal importance.”