Appeal to Authority: Using hierarchy and popular likeable figures to show to appeal to the claim rather than use evidence.

Connection
This image demonstrates the appeal to authority red flag because Jennifer Anniston, a well-known celebrity, is seen advertising a skin care product. It is actively appealing to a large target audience, her statement endorsing the product with the intention of saying "you too can look like this".

 

Define Problem (extraordinary claim):   

Does drinking soda cause teenagers to become violent? 
 

Gather Information:   

This article is published by the washington post, describing the study that was conducted by Sara Solnick (University of Vermont) and David Hemenway (Director of Harvard Injury Control Research Center and the Youth Violence Prevention Center). They claimed that their research showed that teenagers who drank more soda displayed more violent tendencies. The study was done on 1 800 teenagers within Boston schools. One of the claims from Solnick is that it could be due to caffeine or sugar levels. 
However multiple studies have shown that those who consume diets with low-nutritional value are more likely to be poor due to convenience and cost. Teens who are poor are more likely to drink soda and have violent tendencies.

 

Evaluate Evidence: 

Although both have university credentials and Hemenway is director of the youth prevention center, their study is questionable. Their method of study was simply asking the teenagers the questions, and nothing beyond that, and they had failed to consider other factors that could be related to soda and violence. 
 

Recognize Assumptions, Emotions, Biases:  

The assumption had been pre-made that soda does cause violence in teens. Solnick and Hemenway began the research with the objective to “investigate the association” between soda and violent teens but when applying their research, they demonstrated a bias towards their own question by not taking into consideration other hypotheticals and theories. 

 

Synthesize Evidence, Identify Alternatives: 

Alternative solution 1: Soda does cause violence in teens, supported by Solnick and Hemenway’s questionnaire. 

Alternative solution 2:  Soda does not cause violence in teens, supported by multiple studies that have shown that peoples who's diets are low-nutrition are more likely to be poor, which would lead into the socioeconomic factors that could tie together the violence and soda drinking amongst teens. 
 

Select Best Alternative: 
I conclude that soda does not cause violence in teens.