A heavy thunder, so that I upstarted,

Like to a person who by force is wakened;
TONE- Unaware
         He created it by using a strong word choice that makes the reader feel as confused as Dante.
Annotations- Lethargy is a lack of energy and enthusiasm-Awoken by the thunder he understood he was in the abysmal valley dolorous- ẗo whoś force was awaken" connection to star wars.
Narrative technique- Repetition and we found it by the different words used for one thing. 

But still were passing onward through the forest

The forest, say I, of thick-crowded ghosts."

The tone of this passage is intimidating and depressing, 
Alighieri created this tone by using words like ceased, not to advance and thick crowded ghost. t to create  depressing intimidating seen.
Annotations: The crowded ghost symbolizes the people sent to the underworld as there is many people with heavy sins.

Uprisen erect, and steadfastly I gazed,

To recognise the place wherein I was.
TONE-visualization of yourself
 He created this tone by including how he used his eyes to recognize where he was.
Annotations- he has been sleeping for awhile because it states he moved his rested eyes-Up risen erect means to get himself out of bed-he was impatient and confused he didn't know where he was.
Narrative Technique- Repetition of concept and the way he described his eyesight and his visualizations for himself.

Examines the transgressions at the entrance;

Judges, and sends according as he girds him.

I say, that when the spirit evil-born

Cometh before him, wholly it confesses;

And this discriminator of transgressions"
TONE: Intimidation and aggravation
Dante creates this tone by using word choice to demonstrate Dante's feelings towards Minos. He uses Minos' description to show intimidation by exaggerating Minos' features and he demonstrates Dante's aggravation by wording Dante's description of the scene 

to show his emotions through an inner monologue.
ANNOTATIONS: Minos: In Greek mythology, Minos was the king of Crete and son of Zeus and Europa. He married Pasiphae and eventually became judge of the underworld.
"discriminator of transgression" - this shows tht in Dante's mind, lust is an act that goes against the christian/Catholicism 'code of conduct'
"There standeth Minos horribly, and snarls" - Minos is portrayed as a monster, as if to instate fear in the souls as they are being judged for their sins.
Narrative Technique: Periodic sentence. Dante procrastinates in telling us Minos' function until the end of the fist stanza.

Because some people of much worthiness

I knew, who in that Limbo were suspended."

Tone: depressed and hopeless

How did he create this tone: He used heavy hitting words to emphasize his feelings

Annotations:
 -He is depressed because his heroes are all in hell
 -
 -

Literary device: Apostrophe

’Tis not enough, because they had not baptism

Which is the portal of the Faith thou holdest;

And if they were before Christianity,

In the right manner they adored not God;

And among such as these am I myself

Tone: regretful and remorseful
Created tone by:  "And among such as these am I myself"- shows that he has to think about why he is here, and this will make him regret his actions
Annotations: It was not enough for them to not sin because they didn't get baptised, they did not adore god because they did not know of him, it was not their fault that they didn't worship god because Christianity wasn't wide spread.
Narrative Techniques: "And among such as these am I myself"- Polyptoton

Which bellows as the sea does in a tempest,

If by opposing winds ’t is combated.

Theme: Dark, depressing, scary 
He created this theme by setting the scene to be vivid to the people reading it

Annotates:  "If by opposing winds ’t is combated." this refers to the lustful who in their life they were never able to choose and settle down, so they will always be blown away in hell.
""I came into a place mute of all light,

Which bellows as the sea does in a tempest," - This refers to the torrential rainfall that was mentioned in the Canto
"I came into a place mute of all light," - Dante had finally made it into Hell, which is underground most likely, so there would be little to no light that would be visable. 

Juxtaposition: Dante refers to the storm because of the 'tempest" and winds and the sea which represents the rain.

Tully and Livy, and moral Seneca,

Euclid, geometrician, and Ptolemy,

Galen, Hippocrates, and Avicenna,

Averroes, who the great Comment made.

I cannot all of them pourtray in full,"

The tone is awestruck.  Aligheiri  creates this tone by stating that he cannot portray his heroes fully and by listing all of the great people who are in the first circle.

1. Dante uses the word great to describe Averroes' work, indicating that he thinks of him as a hero.

2.Dante says he cannot pourtray his heroes fully, showing that he has more to say about the people that he has found.

Narrative technique: The polysyndeton in the first stanza helps convey the way Dante is overwhelmed by his heroes.