DEMONSTRATION: Acute Pulmonary Odema by Pauline Wong

Instructions

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:03 UTC

Choose a spokesperson
All students in the group are to work on all of the following questions/sections included in the Padlet
You can use diagrams/images other visual resources to explain each respiratory condition.
When we come back to the whole class, the spokesperson will feedback the groups findings

Brief Definition

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:13 UTC

Excess fluid in the lung due to cardiac, pneumonia, medications, trauma, travelling and exercising in high altitude, exposure to certain toxins (cocaine, heroine)

Is it obstructive or restrictive? Why?

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:21 UTC

Restrictive - there is no obstruction of airflow, there is a restriction in expanding and collapsing of alveoli, and shunting of deoxygenated blood R-L.

How does the condition effect lung compliance and/or airway resistance?

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:27 UTC

Lungs will be poorly compliant due to increased fluid in the alveoli and greater alveoli surface tension making expansion difficult

How is oxygenation and ventilation affected? Eg. consider O2 content, O2 delivery, alveolar ventilation

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:32 UTC

O2 content - Nil changes to haemoglobin oxygen affinity, low arterial partial pressure of oxygen.
O2 delivery - As it is a cardiogenic cause, cardiac output is most likely diminished resulting in hypoperfusion of alveoli, and pulmonary hypertension. O2 delivery to the tissues diminished
Alveolar Ventilation - increased surface tension results in poor alveolar ventilation. Stiffness of the alveolocapillary membrane results in slower diffusion of gasses.

What are the typical ABGs and why?

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:40 UTC

low Pa02- poor oxygenation

Low C02- due to hyperventilation initially, then after some time, the patient will fatigue, resulting in hypercapnia and hypoventilation.

High PH- alkalotic

HC03- initially normal then will trend down to compensate

Explain the role of V/Q mismatch in this condition.

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:45 UTC

Low V/Q, < 0.8
This is a result of shunting as a result of fluid accumulation in the alveoli. Which causes the alveoli to receive perfusion but poor ventilation.

What type of respiratory failure would this condition lead to?

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:50 UTC

This would lead to hypoxic (T1RF), but could eventuate in T2RF with fatigue longer ncvcnvcv

What are the typical clinical manifestations/ patient assessment data? (relate these to pathophysiology concepts already described)

paulinewong1 — 2022-03-10 02:11:57 UTC

Anxiety/ restlessness- due to SOB
Crackles (especially to bases)- popping sound due to air in the alveoli trying to come of the fluid
Frothy sputum- the fluid in the lungs contains red blood cells as a result of small amounts of blood leaking from capillaries, this can then be coughed up causing pink frothy sputum
Increased JVP and CVP as a result of fluid retention
CXR- diffuse opacities across the lung fields
Increased WOB, hypoxaemia
Dullness to percussion over lung bases

2022-03-16 22:48:22 UTC

What you'll look like with APO

2022-03-16 22:49:19 UTC

2022-03-16 22:56:13 UTC