Vocab Padlet by carlin murphy

Camera Obscura

carlinmae — 2023-08-18 16:00:42 UTC

Camera obscura (meaning “dark room” in Latin) is a box-shaped device used as an aid for drawing or entertainment. Also referred to as a pinhole image, it lets light in through a small opening on one side and projects a reversed and inverted image on the other.

35mm Film

carlinmae — 2023-08-18 16:09:30 UTC

The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex (SLR) still cameras and motion picture cameras. Dating back to the first quarter of the 20th century, the 35mm format has mostly given way to digital still and video technologies.

Twin Lens Reflex Camera

carlinmae — 2023-08-18 16:10:35 UTC

A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

The Gelatin Silver Process

carlinmae — 2023-08-18 16:12:33 UTC

Most twentieth-century black-and-white photographs are gelatin silver prints, in which the image consists of silver metal particles suspended in a gelatin layer. Gelatin silver papers are commercially manufactured by applying an emulsion of light-sensitive silver salts in gelatin to a sheet of paper coated with a layer of baryta, a white pigment mixed with gelatin. The sensitized paper is exposed to light through a negative and then developed out—that is, made visible in a chemical reducing solution.

Genre

carlinmae — 2023-08-18 16:13:56 UTC

Genre is the classification and organization of literary works into the following categories: poetry, drama, prose, fiction, and nonfiction. The works are divided based on their form, content, and style.

Curator

carlinmae — 2023-08-23 15:39:08 UTC

If you are the curator of the school art show, you choose which pieces will be in it and decide how they will be displayed. A curator is someone who manages an art collection or exhibit.

Exhibition

carlinmae — 2023-08-23 15:40:26 UTC

Gallery

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:34:15 UTC

A gallery is an area of a building that's usually long, narrow, and has a specific function. You might visit an art gallery to check out a row of paintings hung on its walls. There are a few kinds of galleries, but the first is a part of a house or building that's unusually long and narrow.

Museum

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:36:25 UTC

An institution, building, or room for preserving and exhibiting artistic, historical, or scientific objects.

Photography Studio

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:38:23 UTC

A photography studio is a workspace specifically designed and built for the purpose of taking photographs. In it’s basic form a studio will feature a well lit space with a blank backdrop to allow the capturing of images in an environment free from obtrusive external light sources.

Radial Symmetry

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:39:29 UTC

A basic body plan in which the organism can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle along a central axis, characteristic of sessile and bottom-dwelling animals, as the sea anemone and starfish.

Symmetry

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:40:27 UTC

Something is symmetrical when it is the same on both sides. A shape has symmetry if a central dividing line (a mirror line) can be drawn on it, to show that both sides of the shape are exactly the same.

Asymmetry

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:42:37 UTC

Asymmetry exists when the two halves of something don't match or are unequal. The American flag is an example of asymmetry.

Juxtaposition

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:44:00 UTC

The act or an instance of placing two or more things side by side often to compare or contrast or to create an interesting effect. an unusual juxtaposition of colors. also : the state of being so placed. contrasting shapes placed in juxtaposition to each other.

Abstract

carlinmae — 2023-09-01 15:45:04 UTC

Existing in thought or as an idea but not having physical or concrete existence.

Line

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:32:30 UTC

An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.

Shape

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:32:57 UTC

An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

Color

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:33:39 UTC

An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity. • Hue: name of color • Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value changes when white or black is added) • Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

Space

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:34:17 UTC

An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

Texture

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:34:50 UTC

An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

Value

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:35:53 UTC

The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

Form

carlinmae — 2023-09-08 15:36:29 UTC

An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

Balance

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:33:40 UTC

Balance refers to the distribution of visual weight in a work of art. Balance can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical.

Variety

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:34:42 UTC

Having more than one element to create and hold interest.

Pattern

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:35:31 UTC

A repeating element that creates a pattern with interest.

Proportion

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:36:06 UTC

Playing with scale to create interesting pictures. Forced perspective.

Movement

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:36:38 UTC

The use of the elements to help your eyes travel through the photo.

Unity

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:37:21 UTC

When a picture feels perfect. The stars aligned to create a satisfying picture.

Emphasis

carlinmae — 2023-09-15 15:37:54 UTC

Contrast refers to difference in values, colors, textures, shapes, and other elements. Contrasts create visual excitement and add interest to the work.

Cool Colors

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:34:06 UTC

Some cool colors that are used in photography include blues, purples and magentas.

Warm Colors

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:34:50 UTC

Warm colors in photography are red, orange, and yellows.

Neutral Colors

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:35:31 UTC

A neutral is a color without much intensity or saturation—a color that's lacking in color, if you will, which generally goes with everything. Examples of neutral colors include: Tan. Beige. Ivory.

Complementary Colors

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:36:09 UTC

Complementary colours are pairs of colours that contrast with each other more than any other colour, and when placed side-by-side make each other look brighter.

Monochromatic Colors

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:36:44 UTC

Monochromatic (or mono) is a color scheme based on only one, single color tint. It uses only variations (shades) of a single hue, made by altering the saturation and brightness of the base color. Black and white colors are always added, as they in fact are the brightest, resp. the darkest shade of the color.

Gradient

carlinmae — 2023-09-20 15:37:13 UTC

What is a Gradient? A gradient is a design element made up of colors that gradually fade into one another. Also known as “color progressions” or “color ramps,” gradients either consist of many shades of the same color, or multiple colors that blend from one to the other.

Constructive Criticism

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:16:18 UTC

Constructive criticism is a type of feedback that offers specific and actionable advice to help employees to improve. It should be clear and direct and include the practical steps an employee can take moving forward.

Plagiarism

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:17:06 UTC

Presenting work or ideas from another source as your own, with or without consent of the original author, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgement.

Ethical

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:17:34 UTC

pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct. being in accordance with the rules or standards for right conduct or practice, especially the standards of a profession: It was not considered ethical for physicians to advertise.

Objective

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:18:04 UTC

something that one's efforts or actions are intended to attain or accomplish; purpose; goal; target.

Subjective

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:18:44 UTC

If you're looking at something subjectively, that means you're using your opinions, feelings, or perception to shape your thoughts about that subject. In other words, subjectivity is influenced by one's own emotions and beliefs and therefore varies from person to person.

Copyright

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:19:18 UTC

Copyright is a type of intellectual property that protects original works of authorship as soon as an author fixes the work in a tangible form of expression.

Trademark

carlinmae — 2023-09-26 16:19:53 UTC

A trademark can be any word, phrase, symbol, design, or a combination of these things that identifies your goods or services. It's how customers recognize you in the marketplace and distinguish you from your competitors. The word “trademark” can refer to both trademarks and service marks.

Rule of Thirds

carlinmae — 2023-10-04 15:32:40 UTC

The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open. While there are other forms of composition, the rule of thirds generally leads to compelling and well-composed shots.

Leading Lines

carlinmae — 2023-10-04 15:33:39 UTC

Leading lines is a compositional technique that uses line shapes to direct the viewer's eye to a specific subject or detail. Line shapes within an image can be naturally occurring such as a river or treeline.

Golden Ratio

carlinmae — 2023-10-04 15:34:16 UTC

The Golden Ratio is a mathematical ratio. It is commonly found in nature, and when used in a design, it fosters organic and natural-looking compositions that are aesthetically pleasing to the eye.

Negative Space

carlinmae — 2023-10-04 15:34:56 UTC

Negative space is a term used in art to describe the space surrounding a subject. Also called white space, it is typically empty and lacks details as to simplify an image. Negative space surrounds positive space in a work of art.

Positive Space

carlinmae — 2023-10-04 15:35:32 UTC

Positive space is a term used to refer to the areas of interest and focus in a piece of artwork. Positive space is often the subject of a work of art such as a person, landscape, or object. Even in abstract art work where there may not be a singular subject, shapes and patterns can become positive space.

Diptych

carlinmae — 2023-10-18 15:33:19 UTC

a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.

Triptych

carlinmae — 2023-10-18 15:34:10 UTC

a set of three associated artistic, literary, or musical works intended to be appreciated together.

Orthographic View

carlinmae — 2023-10-18 15:34:50 UTC

The orthographic view definition is a projection of one side of the figure onto its perpendicular plane. An orthographic projection consists of three views: the front view, the top view, and a side view.

Barrel lens distortion

carlinmae — 2023-10-18 15:35:29 UTC

Barrel lens distortion occurs because the magnification of the image decreases the farther the object is from the optical axis of the lens. Wide-angle lenses include more pieces of glass that are curved so the portions of the image that are at the edges of the frame can become skewed and will reflect this curvature.

Pincushion Distortion

carlinmae — 2023-10-18 15:36:09 UTC

In pincushion distortion, image magnification increases with the distance from the optical axis. The visible effect is that lines that do not go through the centre of the image are bowed inwards, towards the centre of the image, like a pincushion. Convex (plus) spherical lenses tend to have pincushion distortion.

ISO

carlinmae — 2023-10-25 15:32:36 UTC

For digital photography, ISO refers to the sensitivity of the camera's sensor. The ISO setting is one of three elements used to control exposure; the other two are f/stop and shutter speed. ISO originally referred to the sensitivity of film—it's "light gathering" ability.

ASA

carlinmae — 2023-10-25 15:33:10 UTC

The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating.

Image Sensor

carlinmae — 2023-10-25 15:33:46 UTC

An image sensor is a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device. The first digital cameras used charge-coupled devices, facilitating movement of the electrical charge through the device so it could be modulated.

Film grain

carlinmae — 2023-10-25 15:34:05 UTC

Film grain is the visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion. These light-sensitive silver halides change into pure metallic silver when exposed to light, which is how an image is captured on film. So, grain is an inherent part of a film image.

Digital noise

carlinmae — 2023-10-25 15:34:42 UTC

In digital photographs, the term noise refers to a certain type of visual distortion. It looks similar to grain found in film photography, but can also look like splotches of discoloration when it's really bad, and can ruin a photograph.

Aperture

carlinmae — 2023-11-01 15:33:13 UTC

Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes.

F/Stop

carlinmae — 2023-11-01 15:34:17 UTC

The f-stop is the "aperture" opening of a camera lens, which allows light to come in. It also determines how much is in focus in front of and behind the subject (see depth of field). The f-stop is one of the two primary measurements of a camera lens.

Lens Focal Length

carlinmae — 2023-11-01 15:34:57 UTC

The focal length of a lens is determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be. The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view and the higher the magnification.

Depth of Field

carlinmae — 2023-11-01 15:35:29 UTC

Depth of field is the portion of that distance or 'depth' that is 'in-focus'. A higher depth of field would see the whole image from foreground to background sharp and in focus, a lower depth would result in blurry backgrounds and blurred elements in the foreground too.

Bokeh

carlinmae — 2023-11-01 15:35:55 UTC

Bokeh is defined as “the effect of a soft out-of-focus background that you get when shooting a subject, using a fast lens, at the widest aperture, such as f/2.8 or wider.” Simply put, bokeh is the pleasing or aesthetic quality of out-of-focus blur in a photograph.

Auto Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-08 16:33:43 UTC

Auto mode works exactly the way it sounds: It gives your camera complete control over its various settings, including the ISO, the aperture, the shutter speed, the autofocus mode, and even the flash. Therefore, with your camera set to Auto mode, your camera does all the heavy lifting, while you simply point and shoot.

Program Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-08 16:34:08 UTC

In program mode the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture. For any given brightness of light, the camera has been programmed to set a specific combination of shutter speed and aperture. In low light, for example, the camera might set 1/30 second and f4.

Manual Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-08 16:34:35 UTC

Manual mode means you're in charge of adjusting aperture — one of photography's most important elements. It's the hole in the back of your lens that controls light and depth of field via f-numbers.

Shutter Priority Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-08 16:36:19 UTC

To understand shutter priority mode, you have to understand shutter speed. A fast shutter speed can crisply capture a fraction of a second, and long shutter speed can show movement over time with artistic blur. With shutter priority mode, you can designate a speed and let your camera choose the other settings.

Aperture priority Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-08 16:37:17 UTC

Aperture priority is a camera mode in which you manually set your aperture, while the camera automatically selects a shutter speed.

Shutter Speed

carlinmae — 2023-11-15 16:32:46 UTC

Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like: It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in — and a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.

Bulb Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-15 16:33:13 UTC

What Is Bulb Mode on a Camera? Bulb mode simply allows the photographer to take a picture for as long as the shutter is depressed (that means pushed down, not sad…). You can use bulb mode by choosing manual mode or shutter priority, then start scrolling your selector wheel all the way to the end of the shutter speeds.

Motion Blur

carlinmae — 2023-11-15 16:33:35 UTC

Motion blur can be one of the most important effects to add to games, especially racing games, because it increases realism and a sense of speed. Motion blur also helps smooth out a game's appearance, especially for games that render at 30 frames per second or less.

Tripods and monopods

carlinmae — 2023-11-15 16:34:09 UTC

Monopods and tripods provide stable camera support when shooting in a fixed position. The main difference (and the only one) is the design of the legs. The “mono” in monopod means one leg, while the “tri” for the tripod alludes to it having three legs. Monopods have only one leg that can extend to varying lengths.

Camera Shake

carlinmae — 2023-11-15 16:34:40 UTC

Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

Long Exposure

carlinmae — 2023-11-29 16:32:51 UTC

Long exposure photography is the name given to the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time. The resulting image captures the trail of moving objects in front of the camera, while showing still elements razor sharp.

Time Lapse

carlinmae — 2023-11-29 16:33:15 UTC

denoting the photographic technique of taking a sequence of frames at set intervals to record changes that take place slowly over time. When the frames are shown at normal speed, or in quick succession, the action seems much faster.

Light Painting

carlinmae — 2023-11-29 16:33:54 UTC

Light painting is the art of creating photos by setting long exposure times on a camera and using a moving light source to “paint.” A light painting photographer opens a camera's shutter and keeps it open as they draw in the air with a light source.

Panning

carlinmae — 2023-11-29 16:34:17 UTC

Panning is a photographic technique that combines a slow shutter speed with camera motion to create a sense of speed around a moving object. It is a way to keep your subject in focus while blurring your background. Panning is typically done on a subject moving horizontally, such as a moving car, or a running dog.

Burst Mode

carlinmae — 2023-11-29 16:34:46 UTC

Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

Spot metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:31:29 UTC

What is spot metering? Whereas multi-segment or multi-zone metering takes exposure readings from across the whole image frame, in spot metering mode the camera takes a measurement from a single point or spot. This area is often at the centre of the frame, but it may be linked to the active AF point.

Partial metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:32:02 UTC

Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful. It is useful for back-lit shots or tiny subjects.

Center Weighted Average

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:33:14 UTC

Center weighted: While emphasizing the central area of the screen, this mode measures the average brightness of the entire screen. If you shoot directly into the sunlight or the subject is not in the center of the image, you may need to use exposure compensation.

Spot Metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:35:09 UTC

Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

Partial Metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:35:15 UTC

Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful. It is useful for back-lit shots or tiny subjects.

Center Weighted Average Metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:35:27 UTC

Centre-weighted Average metering is like using Evaluative metering with a centre AF point. It places greater emphasis on the centre area while also taking meter reading across the entire frame.

Evaluative Metering

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:35:37 UTC

Evaluative metering is the mostly used automatic metering mode in everyday photography and can be applied in most shooting scenarios. As its name suggests, it takes a series of readings in zones that cover the entire frame, and then calculates the overall average exposure value.

18% Gray

carlinmae — 2023-12-06 16:35:45 UTC

Author has 19K answers and 10.2M answer views Updated 1y. 18% grey is what photographer's call “middle grey”, a reference point for photographic exposure, B&W or color. 18% of the light falling on the surface of an 18% grey card is reflected and seen by our eyes.

Backlight

carlinmae — 2023-12-08 16:31:11 UTC

lit from behind. a backlit photograph/scene. a backlit display.

Diffused Lighting

carlinmae — 2023-12-08 16:31:48 UTC

Diffused light is a soft light with neither the intensity nor the glare of direct light. It is scattered and comes from all directions. Thus, it seems to wrap around objects. It is softer and does not cast harsh shadows.

Ambient Lighting

carlinmae — 2023-12-08 16:32:18 UTC

Also called general lighting, ambient lighting provides overall illumination for a room, and is intended to create a uniform light level throughout a space, independent of any special lighting that may be needed in targeted areas of a room.

Chiaroscuro

carlinmae — 2023-12-08 16:32:53 UTC

chiaroscuro, (from Italian chiaro, “light,” and scuro, “dark”), technique employed in the visual arts to represent light and shadow as they define three-dimensional objects.

Silhouette

carlinmae — 2023-12-08 16:33:17 UTC

silhouette • \sil-uh-WET\ • noun. 1 a : a picture (as a drawing or cutout) of the outline of an object filled in with a solid usually black color b : a profile portrait done in silhouette 2 : the shape or outline of something; especially : the outline of an object seen or as if seen against the light.

Shadows

carlinmae — 2024-01-10 16:32:30 UTC

Shadows are the dark areas where a light source is blocked by an object. Shadows change shape, intensity, and even color along with the angle, direction, and temperature of light.

Midtones

carlinmae — 2024-01-10 16:33:06 UTC

Within The Realm Of Photography, Midtones Refer To The Tonal Range That Lies Between The Extreme Highlights And Shadows, Lending A Sense Of Depth, Dimension, And Naturalness To A Photograph. In photography, understanding light and its different aspects is fundamental.

Highlights

carlinmae — 2024-01-10 16:33:39 UTC

Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas. Dynamic range is the ratio between those vivid highlights and dark shadows, from bright white to pure black. That range is key to an image's depth and drama.

Vignette

carlinmae — 2024-01-10 16:34:04 UTC

What is a vignette in photography? A vignette is a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos. It can be an intentional effect to highlight certain aspects of the image or as a result of using the wrong settings, equipment or lens when taking a photo.

Sepia Tone

carlinmae — 2024-01-10 16:34:27 UTC

Sepia toning is a chemical process used in photography which changes the appearance of black-and-white prints to brown. The color is now often associated with antique photographs. Most photo graphics software programs and many digital cameras include a sepia tone filter to mimic the appearance of sepia-toned prints.

AF Points

carlinmae — 2024-01-17 16:31:40 UTC

What Are Autofocus Points? Autofocus points are what the camera uses to focus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway. Many cameras will emit a beep, and some of the AF points will light up—often in red or green—in the viewfinder or on the display screen.

Bracketing

carlinmae — 2024-01-17 16:32:10 UTC

Basically, when you bracket your shots you take exactly the same picture of your subject at several different exposures. This technique gives you a range of options to choose from when you're editing. As a result, it's much less likely that you'll end up with a badly underexposed or overexposed photo.

Exposure Level Indicator

carlinmae — 2024-01-17 16:32:45 UTC

In Manual mode, the exposure level indicator shows how much your set exposure values deviate from the levels the camera believes are optimal, which always reside at the standard exposure index. (See Manual Exposure). Auto-exposure bracketing range.

Exposure Compensation

carlinmae — 2024-01-17 16:33:15 UTC

Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure. It lets you take control of your image's brightness by manually increasing or decreasing exposure.

White Balance Card

carlinmae — 2024-01-17 16:33:53 UTC

White balance is a camera setting that establishes the true color of white. This produces a baseline from which all other colors are measured. White may not appear “white” under all lighting conditions, so this helps correct it.

Workspace Switcher

carlinmae — 2024-01-24 16:32:20 UTC

Workspace Switcher displays a visual representation of your workspaces, as shown in Figure 4–3. Figure 4–3 shows the Workspace Switcher when the Java Desktop System session contains four workspaces. Your workspaces appear as buttons on the panel application.

Toolbar

carlinmae — 2024-01-24 16:33:29 UTC

A toolbar is part of a window, often a bar across the top, that contains buttons that execute commands when you click them. Many applications contain toolbars that you can customize so the commands you use frequently are readily available and easily identifiable.

Palettes

carlinmae — 2024-01-24 16:34:16 UTC

Introduction to Palettes. Palettes [shown right] are groups of tools used to edit and manipulate your image. Photoshop contains over two dozen palettes that can be shown or hidden by using the Window menu and selecting the palette you wish to reveal.

Menu Bar

carlinmae — 2024-01-24 16:35:23 UTC

Menu Bar. This is where you'll access different commands to use in Photoshop. For example, from the File menu, you can open and save files. The Image menu allows you to make various adjustments like image size, while the Filter menu gives you access to more advanced tools and effects.

Tool Options Bar

carlinmae — 2024-01-24 16:36:06 UTC

Essentially, an Options bar is a horizontal menu at the top of the main Photoshop window that lets you customize a tool. Let's see an Options bar in action. Select the Rectangular (or any other) Marquee tool. At the top of the Photoshop window, you'll see a new row of icons and settings display.

Cropping

carlinmae — 2024-01-31 16:31:49 UTC

To “crop” an image is to remove or adjust the outside edges of an image (typically a photo) to improve framing or composition, draw a viewer's eye to the subject, or change the size or aspect ratio. In other words, photo cropping is the act of improving an image by removing unnecessary parts.

Aspect Ratio

carlinmae — 2024-01-31 16:32:27 UTC

What is the image aspect ratio? The aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between an image's width and height. Different cameras shoot in different aspect ratios, so whether you're using a digital camera, a 35mm film camera, or an iPhone, they can all vary.

Resolution

carlinmae — 2024-01-31 16:33:05 UTC

In digital photography, resolution is the level of detail contained in an image. More specifically, it refers to the number of pixels that exist within that image. The higher the resolution, and the richer the pixel count, the more detail and definition you will see.

DPI vs PPI

carlinmae — 2024-01-31 16:34:14 UTC

DPI refers to the number of printed dots contained within one inch of an image printed by a printer. PPI refers to the number of pixels contained within one inch of an image displayed on a computer monitor.

SOOC

carlinmae — 2024-01-31 16:35:22 UTC

SOOC is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

File Formats

carlinmae — 2024-02-07 16:31:57 UTC

A file format is a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It specifies how bits are used to encode information in a digital storage medium. File formats may be either proprietary or free.

Raw File Format

carlinmae — 2024-02-07 16:32:38 UTC

A RAW file is lossless, meaning it captures uncompressed data from your camera sensor. Sometimes referred to as a digital negative, you can think of a RAW file as the raw “ingredients” of a photo that will need to be processed in order to bring out the picture's full potential.

.PNG

carlinmae — 2024-02-07 16:34:13 UTC

What is a PNG file? PNG is short for Portable Network Graphic, a type of raster image file. It's particularly popular file type with web designers because it can handle graphics with transparent or semi-transparent backgrounds.

.JPEG

carlinmae — 2024-02-07 16:34:44 UTC

JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. The JPEG file type is one of the world's most widely used image file formats. Able to compress impressive detail into a shareable file size, JPEGs are most helpful in storing and sharing digital images.

.PSD

carlinmae — 2024-02-07 16:35:45 UTC

PSD stands for Photoshop Document, which is an image format that supports layers of graphics in a single file.

HDR

carlinmae — 2024-02-14 16:33:02 UTC

In photography, HDR stands for high dynamic range. Dynamic range is simply the range of the lightest tones to the darkest tones within a photo. Put another way — it's a measure of the light intensities from the highlights to the shadows.

Double Exposure

carlinmae — 2024-02-14 16:33:40 UTC

Double exposure photography is a technique that layers two different exposures on a single image, combining two photographs into one. Double exposure creates a surreal feeling for your photos and the two photographs can work together to convey deep meaning or symbolism

Triadic Colors

carlinmae — 2024-02-14 16:34:10 UTC

The Definition of Triadic Color Scheme. A triadic color scheme consists of three colors. Unlike colors that sit next to or directly across each other, triadic colors are equidistant on the color wheel. When you join these colors, they form a triangle. Visual representation of a triadic color scheme on a color wheel.

Blue Hour

carlinmae — 2024-02-14 16:34:45 UTC

So, what exactly is the blue hour? It is that moment just before sunrise or after sunset when the sun dips below the horizon. This whimsical window of time is when a soft blue light fills the sky; creating a cool, peaceful setting that is every bit as beautiful as golden hour.

Golden hour

carlinmae — 2024-02-14 16:35:17 UTC

What is golden hour? The last hour before sunset and the first hour after sunrise are coveted by professional photographers. Referred to as “the golden hour” or “magic hour,” these times provide the perfect light to capture stunning photos.

Macro Lens

carlinmae — 2024-02-21 16:31:33 UTC

A macro lens is a special type of camera lens that has the ability to work with very short focusing distances, taking sharp images of very small subjects. A true macro lens has a magnification ratio of 1:1 (or greater), and a minimum focus distance around 30cm.

Prime lens

carlinmae — 2024-02-21 16:32:19 UTC

In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens (as opposed to a zoom lens), typically with a maximum aperture from f2. 8 to f1. 2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system.

Telephoto Lens

carlinmae — 2024-02-21 16:33:03 UTC

A telephoto lens is a long-focus lens that allows photographers to utilize a focal length that is in fact shorter than the lens' physical length. A telephoto lens will attach to the camera body of your SLR or DSLR camera, such as those manufactured by Canon, Nikon, and other leading brands.

Fisheye Lens

carlinmae — 2024-02-21 16:33:53 UTC

A fisheye lens is an ultra-wide-angle lens that is designed for shooting wide angles generally 180 degrees. These lenses are also known as ultra-wide or super-wide lenses. They are famous for extreme sport, landscape, and artistic photography.

Vibration Reduction

carlinmae — 2024-02-21 16:34:34 UTC

Vibration Reduction (VR) is an image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake. Using a VR NIKKOR lens can result in sharp images in low light, under windy conditions or when using a physically large NIKKOR lens, at up to four stops slower with a VR lens than a non-VR lens.

DSLR

carlinmae — 2024-02-28 16:33:10 UTC

A DSLR camera is a camera that operates with a fixed, digital sensor.

Metadata

carlinmae — 2024-02-28 16:33:41 UTC

Photo metadata is a set of data describing and providing information about rights and administration of an image. It allows information to be transported with an image file, in a way that can be understood by other software and human users.

Thumbnails

carlinmae — 2024-02-28 16:34:12 UTC

A video thumbnail is a still image that acts as the preview image for your video. It's kind of like a book cover. And, like a book cover, its job is to entice potential viewers to want to see more. The actual term “thumbnail” originated with still images (rather than videos).

Post Processing

carlinmae — 2024-02-28 16:35:07 UTC

Post-processing encompasses every change you make to a video or photo after you download the RAW file to your computer. It's the process that takes unrefined images and polishes them into perfect captures. The fundamentals of post-processing include everything from cropping to sharpening.

Layer Masking

carlinmae — 2024-02-28 16:35:40 UTC

Layer masking is a nondestructive way to hide parts of an image or layer without erasing them. They're great for making image composites, modifying background colors, removing or cutting out objects, and targeting your edits so they affect only certain areas, rather than the entire layer.

lens crop factor

carlinmae — 2024-03-06 16:35:20 UTC

Crop factor is the ratio of a camera sensor's size to a 35mm film frame. Use it to calculate effective focal lengths and compare lenses between DSLRs. Crop factor is a term that describes the difference between your camera's sensor size and a traditional 35mm film frame.

Full frame camera

carlinmae — 2024-03-06 16:36:00 UTC

A full-frame camera is a camera with a full-frame sensor. This is an image sensor that's the same size as the sensor of an analog camera. The biggest advantage of a full-frame camera is that it has no crop factor. Crop factor means that the image is cut off because the sensor is too small to capture the entire image.

APS-C Camera

carlinmae — 2024-03-06 16:36:33 UTC

Because APS-C sensors are smaller, cameras can be made more compact and lighter, which is ideal for street and travel photography.

Reflector

carlinmae — 2024-03-06 16:37:23 UTC

A reflector is a photography tool used to redirect light to a subject or scene. It doesn't create light; rather, it redirects light that is already there. A reflector is good for creating fill light or lessening shadows.

Scrim [Diffuser]

carlinmae — 2024-03-06 16:38:01 UTC

A scrim is a material placed between your light source and your subject that either reduces light or diffuses (and reduces) light.

saturation

carlinmae — 2024-03-13 15:32:00 UTC

Saturation describes the intensity of the color. And lightness refers to how light or dark the color is. A grayscale or black-and-white photo has no color saturation, while a full-color photo of a field of sunlit wildflowers might be extremely saturated.

color balance

carlinmae — 2024-03-13 15:32:25 UTC

In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors). An important goal of this adjustment is to render specific colors – particularly neutral colors like white or grey – correctly.

hue

carlinmae — 2024-03-13 15:32:46 UTC

Hue refers to the dominant wavelength of light that the human eye interprets as color, but you can think of it as the basic color on the color wheel. Saturation describes the intensity of the color. And lightness refers to how light or dark the color is.

vibrance

carlinmae — 2024-03-13 15:33:15 UTC

What is vibrance? Vibrance is often referred to as “smart saturation,” because it intensifies colors – but it does so more selectively. Specifically, vibrance boosts colors that are more muted. And it mostly ignores warmer colors (yellows, oranges, and reds), while prioritizing cooler colors (blues and greens).

contrast

carlinmae — 2024-03-13 15:33:54 UTC

A contrast cut is a strategic type of cut that juxtaposes two starkly different scenes. Video editors use contrast cuts to create a sense of dissimilarity that heightens the emotion of a scene or emphasizes the intention of particular moments.

Move Tool

carlinmae — 2024-03-20 15:32:09 UTC

Move Tool - The move tool allows you to move a selection or entire layer by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrows keys. The move tool is located at the top right of the Photoshop Toolbox. When the move tool is selected, click and drag anywhere in the image.

Patch Tool

carlinmae — 2024-03-20 15:32:44 UTC

The Patch Tool is like a giant healing brush, use it to remove large blemishes from photos. In this tutorial, learn how to remove and duplicate elements of a photo using the Patch Tool.

Clone Stamp Tool

carlinmae — 2024-03-20 15:33:29 UTC

The Clone Stamp tool copies pixels from one area and applies them to another. Think about it as “copying and pasting,” but you're “pasting” the content by painting. The Clone Stamp tool is most effective when you need to copy exact detail from one part of an image to another area.

Spot Healing Brush Tool

carlinmae — 2024-03-20 15:34:02 UTC

The Spot Healing Brush tool magically removes unwanted spots, marks, or small objects in your image. Photoshop selects and replaces pixels from another part of your image to blend in seamlessly.

Healing Brush Tool

carlinmae — 2024-03-20 15:34:31 UTC

The Healing Brush and Patch tools allow you fix imperfections, like scratches, wrinkles, dust spots, etc., causing them to disappear into the surrounding image. They work very much like the cloning tools. You sample pixels in one are of an image, then paint over another area replacing it with the sampled pixels.

lasso Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-03 15:33:36 UTC

The Lasso tool is the original freehand selection tool in Photoshop. Whereas the Marquee tool is ideal for selecting circles and rectangles, and the Magic Wand tool is perfect for selecting color ranges, the Lasso tool is your go-to function when you need to outline irregular shapes.

Magic Wand Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-03 15:34:24 UTC

What does the Magic Wand tool do? The Magic Wand tool automatically selects an object or area of your image, using machine learning to discern what you might be trying to select. If you click on the sky, it selects the sky; click on a person's face, and you have the entire face selected in just seconds.

Polygonal lasso Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-03 15:35:02 UTC

The Polygonal Lasso tool is useful for making straight-edged selections. Choose the Polygonal Lasso tool (L). In the tool options bar, specify a selection option: New Selection, Add to Selection, Subtract from Selection, or Intersect with Selection.

quick selection tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-03 15:35:29 UTC

The Quick Selection tool allows you to quickly and easily select one area or section of an image.

rectangular/elliptical marquee tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-03 15:36:04 UTC

The rectangular marquee tool in Photoshop, of course, enables you to create selections of rectangular shapes, but there is a related tool called the elliptical marquee tool, that enables you to create selections that, of course, have elliptical or even circular shapes.

Brush Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-10 15:34:28 UTC

The Brush tool allows you to paint on any layer, much like a real paintbrush. You'll also have different settings to choose from, which can help you customize it for different situations.

Zoom Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-10 15:36:38 UTC

Description. The Zoom Tool is used to zoom in and out of an image. In this tutorial, learn keyboard shrtcuts, tips, and tricks on how to zoom and navigate a photo.

Hand Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-10 15:37:25 UTC

The Hand tool allows you to move your image while you're zoomed in to more than 100% and part of the image is out of view. Select the Hand tool (H) from the tool bar or press and hold the spacebar key to temporarily switch to the Hand tool.

Horizontal Type Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-10 15:38:09 UTC

The Horizontal Type tool allows you to add horizontal text to your images. Select the Horizontal Type tool (T) . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like Font Style, Font Size, and, Text Color, to get the effect you want. Add point text (to add a few words like a heading or title) or paragraph text.

Gradient Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-10 15:38:44 UTC

The Gradient tool allows you to create gradual changes of color and light across an image with power and precision.

Paint Bucket

carlinmae — 2024-04-17 15:33:54 UTC

The Paint Bucket tool Mode setting allows you to create more advanced color fills for interesting effects and a higher degree of control. Choose from toolbar options like Darken, Multiple, Color Dodge, and more to create different effects.

Straighten Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-17 15:35:01 UTC

The Straighten tool is designed for ease of use: You draw it across a line that's supposed to be straight, and then Photoshop will do the actual straightening for you. So find the reference line that I encouraged you to determine in Step 1, then drag the Straighten tool across!

Crop Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-17 15:35:37 UTC

The Crop tool allows you to select an area of a photo and remove or crop everything outside the selected area. Select the Crop tool (C) . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like setting the aspect ratio or width and height values, to get the effect you want.

Smudge Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-17 15:36:17 UTC

The Smudge tool simulates a brush smearing wet paint. The brush picks up color where the stroke begins and pushes it in the direction you swipe or nudge it. Use the Smudge tool to gently reshape important edges into more appealing and softer lines. In the Photoshop toolbox, the Smudge tool is a pointing-finger icon.

Sponge Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-17 15:36:48 UTC

The sponge tool in Photoshop works on color saturation. It can either saturate a color or desaturate a color. This means by using the sponge tool, we can either increase the color intensity of some pixels or decrease the color intensity of some pixels.

Dodge Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-24 15:32:57 UTC

The Dodge tool allows you to lighten specific areas of your image without affecting hue or saturation. Select the Dodge tool (O) . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like brush size, range, and exposure, to get the effect you want.

Burn Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-24 15:33:23 UTC

The Burn tool darkens areas of an image. The more you paint over an area with the Burn tool, the darker it becomes.

Blur Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-24 15:33:45 UTC

The Blur tool allows you to paint blur effect on specific areas of an image. Select the Blur tool . Use the Options bar to customize tool settings, like Size, Hardness, and Strength, to get the effect you need. Click and drag over the part of the image you want to blur.

Sharpen Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-24 15:34:07 UTC

The Sharpen tool focuses soft edges in a photo to increase clarity or focus. Oversharpening a photo gives it a grainy look. You can avoid oversharpening by setting a lower Strength value in the options bar.

Select and mask Tool

carlinmae — 2024-04-24 15:34:33 UTC

The Select and Mask Properties panel has multiple controls for refining all the edges of a selection. The Radius slider can often be useful to improve soft edges, such as foliage or hair. The Shift Edge slider expands or contracts the selection edges and can be useful to remove edge fringes.

Tracking [text]

carlinmae — 2024-05-01 15:33:59 UTC

Tracking is the process of loosening or tightening a block of text.

Leading [text]

carlinmae — 2024-05-01 15:34:33 UTC

The vertical space between lines of type is called leading. Leading is measured from the baseline of one line of text to the baseline of the line above it. Baseline is the invisible line on which most letters—that is, those without descenders—sit.

Kerning [text]

carlinmae — 2024-05-01 15:34:52 UTC

Kerning is the process of adding or subtracting space between specific pairs of characters.

Transform Tool

carlinmae — 2024-05-01 15:36:01 UTC

The Transform feature allows users to alter their object or selection in a variety of ways, such as scale, rotate, distort, or flip (mirror). To use the Transform feature, select a layer or create a new selections. Got to Edit in the menu, select Transform, and select the type of transformation you wish to make.

Clipping Mask

carlinmae — 2024-05-01 15:36:50 UTC

A clipping mask is a group of layers to which a mask is applied. The bottommost layer, or base layer, defines the visible boundaries of the entire group. For example, suppose you have a shape in the base layer, a photograph in the layer above it, and text in the topmost layer.