https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147 Cameron, Madelyn, Witt, Leo en-us 2020-12-18 02:16:20 UTC 2025-10-13 05:55:59 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031879311 The 1688 Germantown petition against slavery was the first piece of writing that was antiracist. It was drafted by Francis Daniel Pastorius on behalf of the Germantown Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends to raise the issue of slavery with the Quaker Meeting which they attended. This petition argued that every human, regardless of belief, color, or ethnicity, has rights that should not be violated. The 1688 petition was the first American document of its kind that made a plea for equal human rights for everyone. ]]> 2020-12-18 16:59:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031879311 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031882285 Gomes Eanes de Zurara was accredited by Jason Reynolds as the World's First Racist. He was the first to write about and defend the ownership and enslavement of Black people. He thought they were animals who were in need of taming. His book entitled The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea, became immensely popular among Europeans. At the time, Europeans lacked knowledge of what African people were like, so the messages of Zurara's writing became the primary source with all the prejudices that the people of Europe would apply immediately to any black person they saw. This book comes on the back of Portugal capturing Muslim depots in Morroco due to greed for economic gain. Zurara took this behavior, these racist policies, and transformed into racist ideas through his smash-hit book. ]]> 2020-12-18 16:59:56 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031882285 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031885161 In 1492, Christopher Columbus came to the American continent with the goal to find new riches and resources in this unconquered land. However, at this time this land was inhabited by indigenous people, the Native Americans. When he came across these people he saw them as savages who were not worthy of equality in comparison to white, christian males. He used this reasoning to gain power over these people and subjected them to do his biding. ]]> 2020-12-18 17:00:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031885161 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031905077 In 1663, Cotton Mather was born into a legacy of his relatives. He is most known for his book, "The Memorable Providences Relating to Witchcraft and Possessions". The main impact of this book was that he switched the focus of evil, specifically black oppression, from political to religious. He used God's overwhelming dominance at the time to convey his message that blacks were some form of the devil. He tried to explain how nobody, not even God, could love blacks because of their barbaric nature. ]]> 2020-12-18 17:05:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1031905077 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1038254173 Thomas Jefferson was both pro-slavery and anti-slavery at the same time, throughout his entire life. He grew up with "black friends", but they were actually slaves who worked for his family during his upbringing. He advocated for abolition, calling it a "moral depravity" and a "hideous blot", yet he also himself enslaved at least six hundred people throughout his life. He said "all men are created equal" - but who did he really mean? He wrote that blacks couldn't assimilate because they were inferior by nature. Jefferson would swap between segregationist and assimilation ideology, never quite making it to antiracism. ]]> 2020-12-22 15:40:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1038254173 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1038254605 Phillis Wheatley was born in 1753, and she was purchased by the Wheatley family. Due to the laws around slavery at the time, and the fact that she was a daughter, she was not enslaved. Instead she was homeschooled, and this took her on a path to become an intellect of the time. At age 11, she wrote her very first poem, and she continued to do this throughout her teen years. It was her goal to become published; however, since she was black and a woman this was very difficult. She underwent a series of "white" tests of knowledge to prove she was not a savage like other blacks. She excelled, but yet no one in America was willing to publish her work because of the "risks" for the whites. Due to this and the racist nature of the country, she went to Britain, which had just abolished slavery. Upon arrival she became published and was portrayed as a symbol of  the anti-slavery movement which Britain was hoping would take affect in the colonies.  ]]> 2020-12-22 15:40:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1038254605 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1055616103 The.Prossers were planning a slave rebellion, recruiting hundreds of slaves to revolt in Virginia. They had it all mapped out and meant for it to be epic. Hundreds of captives were supposed to march on Richmond, where they would steal four thousand unguarded muskets, arrest the governor, and hold the city until other slaves arrived from surrounding counties to negotiate the end of slavery and the establishment of equal rights. The Prossers took into account that antiracists of any color were more necessary to be killed, more important to liberation, than their black assimilationists. The revolt was scheduled for Saturday, August 30, 1800, but two cynical slaves snitched and the Prossers were eventually caught and hanged. ]]> 2021-01-05 14:19:49 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1055616103 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078951908 Abraham Lincoln guided the nation through the Civil War, and ultimately led to the passing of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments which brought Blacks from slavery into free society.]]> 2021-01-12 15:21:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078951908 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078963190 Du Bois was known as the king of uplift suasion. He specifically contributed to the philosophical understanding of race and the race problem. He was considered ahead of his time in that he used data to solve social issues for the black community. ]]> 2021-01-12 15:23:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078963190 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078966940 William Lloyd Garrison was a heavy advocate for the emancipation of slaves. He was the head of the Liberator, a newspaper and antislavery bulletin. "Slavery is evil, and those racists justifying or ignoring slavery are evil, and it is the moral duty of the United States to eliminate the evil of slavery," would be the quote to define his legacy. ]]> 2021-01-12 15:24:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1078966940 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087016169 Booker T. Washington was an abolitionist. Him and Garrison shared the same goal, however, Washington had a completely different approach to. He believed that blacks should focus on blue collar work, this is common work for the lower class. Unlike Garrison, he supported black empowerment privately. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:21:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087016169 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087017614 David Walker was another abolitionist, similar to William Lloyd Garrison. The only difference is that he was a black man, and at the time this meant there were monumental differences between the 2 despite them having similar goals. Walker wrote a pamphlet called, "An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World".  This pamphlet argued against slavery and the idea that blacks were not created for the benefits of whites. Walker died at 39 years old, however, before true advancements could be made. It was up to Garrison to continue his work through his writing.]]> 2021-01-14 13:21:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087017614 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087031465 Harriet Beecher Stowe is most well known for writing "Uncle Tom's Cabin". This book was inspired by Frederick Douglass. It conveyed the messages that everyone is a slave to God, and since blacks were the best slaves, they were the best Christians. Also this introduced the idea that slavery was proof that whites were bad disciples of Jesus. Many blacks hated her novel, but it swayed many Northerners into the abolitionist movement. This novel provided a foundation to the Civil Rights Movement. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:26:03 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087031465 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087048899 Andrew Johnson took office after Lincoln's assassination. He undid all the good work that Lincoln had started, and decided that emancipation was only to be upheld if blacks did not break rules or black social codes. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:30:49 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087048899 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087067880 Franz Boas was a german immigrant who came to America in 1886. He became a very prominent anthropologist who worked together with Du Bois. He was most known to draw similarities between antisemitism and slavery. Both Boas and Du Bois attended a conference together. At this conference Boas stated that black inferiority was false. He demonstrated this through ancient African empires and civilizations.]]> 2021-01-14 13:35:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087067880 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087084536 Jack Jackson was a fighter who rose to fame in 1908. He was seen as undefinable by any white. Nobody who challenged him ever won, and this caused him to be the most famous and hated black of the time. In 1908, Jackson even got a shot at the heavyweight title, he won. This caused an outrage in the white communities who said that blacks were better fighters because they were just "born with it". The whites of the time could not face the reality that they weren't as good as a black, in a specific occupation. This forced the whites to try and find a "new white hope". This "hope" was James Jeffries, a retired fighter. Jackson beat him, he continued to provided a newfound hope for the black community. These constant wins gave the black community the idea of strength over the white community. They believed that since Jackson beat a lot of whites in the ring, that they could too. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:39:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087084536 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087113327 Edgar Rice Burroughs is most famous for his novel, "Tarzan of the Apes". Edgar wanted to reinforce white supremacy throughout the nation and place a reminder that blacks were still "savages". His novel showed the story of a white savior, Tarzan, who saved a white women from the africans. This novel quickly became a cultural phenomenon and is still seen in current day societies over 100 years later. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:46:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087113327 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087128466 Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican man who came to America in 1916. His goal was to raise money for a school back in his hime country. He initially went to the NAACP to get helps. Went Garvey went he was confused, all the workers were white. He was confused because he was an antiracist who saw values in all blacks. He was inspired and created the Universal Negro Improvement Association. This focused on the beauty of dark skin, African culture, and African self-determination.  However, he was sadly deported in 1927. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:50:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087128466 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087150968 This was a group of people who believed that you could control human quality through genes. This group hated biracial saying they were "less pure". They saw that the more nordic (white) blood someone had, the better they were and the higher they were in society. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:55:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087150968 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087163833 Langston Hughes was a prominent poet. He was a part of the Niggerati, which was a group of artists in 1926 that believed blacks should not have to worry about white acceptance. Hughes, specifically, believed that if blacks could not be seen as imperfect, then they could not be seen as human at all. ]]> 2021-01-14 13:58:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087163833 cr1006047 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087187026 in 1929, Claude G. Bowens used reconstruction as a way to play upon the hatred of racist white people. His book, "The Tragic Era....." was meant to remind racist whites that whites were the victims of society. ]]> 2021-01-14 14:03:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1087187026 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1092165575 Angela Davis was born in 1944. She  was born into a family of anti-racists, and her mom was a an activist. They were greatly impacted by the Dynamite Hill Church Bombing, since they knew all the people who were killed. She was a great follower of Malcolm X's ideas. She became an activist after earning her degree in philosophy in Germany. Reagan had her fired and investigated by the FBI because she associated with the Commummist Party. Johnathan Jackson, someone she was become close with, went into a court with a gun, and multiple deaths resulted. She was blamed for the killing, but she studied her case, represented herself and won. ]]> 2021-01-15 17:33:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1092165575 https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1106114506 Barack Obama was the first black President of the United States. He brought forth messages of unity and of racial justice. Racists saw his election as the end of the fight, the point which confirmed everything was truly equal. However, throughout his Presidency, Obama assured the American people that the fight for racial justice was far from over. ]]> 2021-01-20 15:13:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nlynch47/d7jqa36ojvcis147/wish/1106114506