Vygotsky began as a psychologist who started observing children.

His theory began when he decided to test the children 2 ways. He would 1st test them on their own then he would test them the second time with some help.

This brought on a understanding that the children who didn't do well the first time ended up doing a lot better with some help.

This became the Zone of proximal Development. This theory is a social theory because when a child is added with another person it helps them with learning and having the ability to learn at a higher ability.

His theory is one where he believes that children think in a different way than adults do.

Piaget came up with 4 stages:

Stage 1: sensorimotor stage ( birth-2 yrs) - infants understand the world through their senses and their actions.

Stage 2: Preoperational (2-7yrs) - young children use mental symbols but do not yet think logically, and their thinking is egocentric.

Stage 3: Concrete Operational ( 7-12yrs)- children now think logically, but their thinking is concrete, not abstract.

Stage 4: Formal operations ( 12 yrs and older)- Adolescents can think both logically and abstractly.

Developed by Sigmund Freud the psychoanalytic theory states that each person will go through a series of stages that will shape their personalities.

The three stages are:

ID: basic instinctual drives

Ego: The ability to differentiate between right and wrong decisions

Superego: you have a better understanding of right and wrong choices and you choose the right choices.

Vygotsky's theory for instance is that it doesn't bring in mental internal problems into play. The fact that children everyday go through many emotional problems is the problem with this theory. It also talks a lot about interacting with the child but doesn't give any in depth way on how to interact with them.

Piaget's theory is a strong theory as most children do go through these stages. The problem is that there's no mention of children with disabilities and what those stages would look like. Whether its learning disabilities like ADHD or even bigger disabilities like being on the spectrum.

Demography: Students would consists of english speaking and 1st language spanish speaking students.

Subjects: elementary level: all subjects

Lesson design and delivery: After going through and reading all that i have read this semester I find that understanding my students and their struggles is necessary first and foremost.

504 plans and modifications in the form of fill in the blank, helping with reading and understanding that when it comes to being a teacher i have the capability to help the student in any form that i feel necessary. I also think that creating a fun learning environment is key to learning. While the students may think they are having fun they can actually learn. This will help build some confidence into the students that may be struggling with that.

A change in environment like spending time to do a lesson outside in the fresh are can also help with any students who may be struggling that day.