This article, "Assessing the effects of Climate Change Regulations on the business community" it talks about the positive and negative impacts climate change has had on businesses. 

The article talks about how businesses may use Climate Change as an opportunity to increase corporate profitability and to gain a competitive advantage over rivals and other businesses.

For the company, this could be beneficial in getting a competitive advantage over rival companies as this leads to greater profit and may lead to consumers switching from a rival to your company. 

However, they talk about how Climate Change can also pose threats to businesses in two categories - Direct and Indirect.

The direct risks include physical impacts climate change has had such as Weather Conditions and the Indirect risks include the reputation of the company and the regulations Climate Change has set.

With Regards to the credibility of the article, I think that it is very credible as the Authors have written many articles on Sustainability - The impact it has on businesses, and other articles related to Climate Change.

The reliability of this article is shown, with the citations coming from reliable Articles and Journals which have been used throughout the article to state information to back up their initial points. The Authors of the article are also affiliated with Democritus University of Thrace in Greece.

The purpose of this article is to show how businesses can manage the risks associated with climate change and challenges businesses may face with the new climate change regulations/ environmental regulations come into play and how managers can strategize to face climate change.

In this Management Review, "How Serious Is Climate Change to Business?" they have carried out a questionnaire with all the answers coming from managers within numerous Companies. The leading question being: 'How are Managers thinking about Climate Change?' within this leading question,  they asked about urgency, preparation and changes in business model because of Climate Change.

From Looking at the questionnaire, the main question that stands out is about the urgency of Climate Change, with only 8% of managers believe that climate change is urgent with over 50% of managers asked, believe that Climate Change is slightly urgent or not urgent at all. This shows that the urgency of Climate change is not having an effect on Mangers as right now it is something they're not worried about - there's other urgent problems ahead of Climate Change and its potential major impact.

A weakness of of this Management Review, is that the questionnaire does not go into depth on the managers answers for each question. As they only have a few choices to answer which does not allow them to expand on their answer. If a detailed response was given, it would help in understanding their answer given.

As this management review was published in 2013, it is possible that the managers asked, views may have changed which shows the accuracy of this Management Review may not be up to standard as Climate Change has become much more of a bigger issue in the last 10 years with businesses taking Climate Change a lot more serious.

The Credibility/Reliability of this article is very good with the Authors, being experts in their fields and have conducted many management reviews previously on sustainability.

The purpose of this article is to show how managers are responding/thinking about climate change and their connection between climate change and their businesses.

It is also important to educate managers reading and encourage them to take steps and action to address issues caused by Climate Change.

This article as shown above published by science direct, discusses the “Impact of total quality management on corporate green performance through the mediating role of corporate social responsibility” which has been found through the use of Google Schollar. This article aims to highlight the pressure business, specifically within manufacturing have faced over the last 20 years to consider the impact of their operations on the environment as a result of increasing pollution which in turn pushes companies to use a more Green approach such as alternatively using renewable energy.

This article, published in 2019 holds a relevant and current discussion about the environmental impacts on businesses and provides an applicable perspective to the research at hand by exploring different types of secondary research that the author has found and compiling it together to look at different ways businesses can be more conscious of its environmental impacts.

This article, after extensive examination proves to be of sound reliability. The author is part of the Department of Business Administration, Iqra University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan. This suggests that he has conducted his research from an impartial perspective with no ulterior motive other than for the purpose of educating. His thorough use of secondary research also implies that this article has a stronger reliability due to its large amount of evidence to support the research which seem to be from trustworthy sources.

As previously mentioned the author appears to be writing this article for educational purposes and not necessarily for any personal gains. Aswel science direct where the article is published is the worlds leading source of for scientific, technical and medical research meaning that articles published on this website should give the reader confidence in the integrity of the research.

This article article explores how sustainable governance and climate change discourse are connected in European banking and specifically focuses on on the role of corporate social responsibility in driving climate change. This study provides insights into how these committees can promote sustainable practices in the banking industry. The article published in 2022 shares a current form of research on this topic which makes the research up to applicable to todays society.

This article has many uses of secondary research, which makes this article more reliable as all claims are backed up by sufficient evidence proving to be a trustworthy source.

Although, this article may lack generalisability since its specific to European banks so may not paint the most reliable view on business as a whole as it is only specific to Europe.

The authors of the article; Simona Cosma of the Department of Sciences of the Economy. Salvatore Principale, Department of Law and Economics of Productive Activities, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Andrea Venturellie

Department of Economics Sciences, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy. These authors are all specifically educated in different fields making them trustworthy authors on this topic. Also the article was published on emerald insight which is a trusted website for journals and articles giving to reader confidence that they can rely in the articles published on on this website.

The purpose of the article is to educate people, although a weakness may be that it’s not necessarily geared towards the general public and is industry specific which only gives a specific view on the impact climate change has on business.

This article explores different ways of moving forward with corporate social responsibility in relation to climate change. Although this article was published in 2016 making it a fairly current outlook on climate change and business, it’s important to consider that there is significant research and growth since this article was published. This is a weakness as the time frame of this being released may affect the relevance of the information within the article and more relevant research may be available more recently to this release.

The author has used thorough evidence throughout, consistently using secondary research to strengthen the reliability of the article. The article was also published on springer link which is a reading platform used by hundreds of thousands of researchers worldwide. This reinforces the reliability of the article as it suggests the information published is a trustworthy and backed up by research.

The authors, Myria Allen and Christopher Craig are both from the university of Arkansas. Myria is from the department of communications and Christopher is from the Environmental Dynamics Department which suggests they both are educated on the topic at hand, it also implies that they are capable at conducting reliable research to a high standard in their specialised areas.

The purpose of this article as stated by the authors is for them to act as ambassadors for climate action, by focusing on solutions. This suggests that there is no present hidden agendas within this article, and that they are aiming to spread public awareness of climate risks.

This Report titled "Adapting to Climate Change: A Business Approach" portrays how a business would approach and adapt to the physical risks of Climate Change. Whilst it does this well, it also mentions opportunities that Climate Change might present such as new markets for new products.

In this report, it provides guidance and structure to businesses on how to adapt to the risks of Climate Change. It is presented in a simple way for the reader to understand and for businesses to apply.

The use of Real-world examples shows how climate change is already having an effect on businesses and that businesses have had to adapt to issues caused by Climate Change such as Diavik Diamond Mines in Canada.

However, due to the article being published in 2004, it may be outdated due to the rapid growth of Climate change in the last 19 years. Some of the guidance given, may not be effective anymore which is a real weakness of this article.

Both Authors are credible, with both of them having experience in Climate Change and have published many articles and reports on this topic.

The Publisher, Pew Center on Global Climate Change is a well-respected organisation that has a specific focus on Climate Change.

It is also very reliable with its references used to support there points - their references include industry reports and academic research. It also mentions how the report has been peer-reviewed by doing this it ensures the accuracy and quality of the report.

The purpose of this report is to show businesses about the risks and opportunities Climate Change may possess with guidance on how to deal with the risks make the most with the opportunities presented.

This article discusses how climate change impacts the US economy and the importance of corporate social responsibility in mitigating those impacts. It was published in 2022 which makes this a current piece of research and in turn adds to the relevance that this shows the relationship between business and climate change.

As previously mentioned, this is a recently produced article which adds to its relevance of this research but also the reliability as it assures the reader an extensive literature review was undertaken whilst writing the paper.

The author of this article Qiping Huang of the University of Dayton and Meimei Lin of Georgia Southern University, can be trusted as reliable writers of this article as they are educated in this field of work. As well, the publisher science direct is a trusted research engine making it a valuable piece of research.

This research is for educational purposes, it is trying to bring awareness and is not for personal gain such as to make you purchase a product etc. Additionally the authors seem to be researching objectively which further adds to the point of this being for educational purposes.

Although this research has plenty of secondary research to support the evidence, evidence used fails to use specific examples and case study’s of how firms respond uniformly to climate change. This would help provide a better understanding of how businesses respond to climate challenges.

The article "Business strategies for Climate Change" focuses on Climate Change and specific ways in which businesses could help reduce climate change such as shifting to a low-carbon economy and reducing greenhouse gases. It also addresses the potential opportunities and challenges businesses are likely to face with Climate Change becoming a bigger problem.

From reading this article, a strength is that it provides insight to businesses on how they can achieve growth in a time of Climate Change and gives practical advice for businesses which is backed up with data, in the form of graphs and charts to back up their points made.

However, a weakness of this article is that it was published in 2008, as Climate Change has developed majorly some of these points may not be as accurate and applicable as it was when it was published.

The Authors have published many articles on global issues such as Climate Change, Greenhouse gas reductions, and carbon emission reductions in which they are experts in these topics. The article also cites reliable sources such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which is a company that informs businesses on the risks and impacts of Climate Change. In addition, the publisher is reliable and reputable which provides confidence to the reader.

The purpose of this article is to address the seriousness of climate change and how businesses can prepare, change, and overcome it - it includes strategies and any challenges/opportunities they may face during this time of Climate Change.

This article, titled 'The climate response of the world's 30 largest corporations' investigates how different businesses address climate change and everything surrounding the issue.

After reviewing this article I have been able to get a greater understanding of why companies aim to focus on the effects of climate change. Companies will show willing in climate change not only because they may be genuinely concerned but also because it may prove to be more beneficial for them as they're seen as more favourable by consumers as it is 'societies norm' to be environmentally friendly. This shows a different side to a businesses approach to 'tackling' climate change as perhaps they don't always do it for that sole purpose but also because of the financial and societal benefits and edges they get over their competitors. This helps give the article a broader approach to climate change as businesses use the topic in a slightly different manner.

Secondary research is used within this article which took non-financial reports from some top corporations and a keyword frequency (words linked to climate change) was made. This allows data to be gathered based on which companies use these keywords in their reports the most often therefore, identifying the companies that pay most attention to the issue. Using secondary research that was carried out a few years before this article was published may not be the most reliable, however, there are tables and charts to back up the findings which in turn may increase the credibility and accuracy of the research.

This article highlights some of the challenges businesses face due to climate change, and how they plan to adapt to these challenges.

Firstly, Sage publications has published many articles based around climate change beyond what's in this article alone making them quite a credible and reliable source. In this specific article it has aimed to cover multiple aspects of climate change 'challenging businesses'. This is done through the three research questions used to help keep the article well structured with developed points about; the challenges posed to businesses, how they aim to navigate around these challenges as well as creating further insights to make further adaptations meaningful and effective.

However, this article is from 2012. When it comes to a topic like climate change which has transformed rapidly it is very easy for this article to feel outdated especially when it comes to the challenges that existed in 2012 compared to the development of those same challenges now such as the carbon emissions from businesses and transportation in addition to new ones businesses have to face as new research and information is released all the time. This will largely affect the accuracy of the information and points highlighted in this article.

On the other hand, however, the use of facts and information from the likes of the IEA stating that 'global CO2 emissions are almost certain to exceed the 32Gt limit by 2020' and 'the window of opportunity is closing to keep the average global temperature rise below 2 degrees' by the Copenhagen Accord and Cancun Agreements does boost the credibility and accuracy when comping from such high status sources.

The purpose of the article, is to challenge both industries and the government to look at climate change and the challenges associated with it to help to reverse the effects.

Two main focuses in the article which look at; the systematical approach to dealing with climate change, and creating novel approaches to develop a SWOT analysis (Climate SWOT).

A questionnaire was created and sent out to a small sample of participants to gather information about Climate SWOT's and their value on helping businesses form ideas and solutions when adapting to climate change as well as contributing to keeping the world as clean as possible. Carrying out this extensive research and gathering this information first hand massively boosts the credibility and reliability of this article.

Hanna-Leena Pesonen is a professor who is highly qualified in environmental management making her a top author when it comes to talking about climate change. This makes the information highly accurate as not only is she creating articles but also presenting information to students in the University of Jyväskylä in Finland making her very trustworthy when it comes to this topic.

On the other hand, this article only really focuses on the strategies for change in businesses and the climate SWOT which makes it out to be something that would cater to students in an educational setting as SWOT analysis is something taught within colleges and universities. It would be more substantial if it looked at climate change on a broader scale.

The purpose of the article looks massively at the ways in which businesses aim to tackle climate change in a strategic way. This is of course where the Climate SWOT is suggested and researched to determine whether it would be suitable for businesses to use.

There's no doubt that the articles depth is quite extensive, and the idea of time and how it affects climate change is explained well which certainly adds credibility to this piece. Although, aspects of space and place stray a bit too far away from the key points that could be explained when it comes to businesses and their effect on climate change.

This article was written and published in May 2022 making it very up to date. This allows some of the most recent issues surrounding climate change such as heatwaves, droughts and carbon emissions to be discussed. Also, the ways in which businesses aim to function can be looked at as some businesses chose the approach 'business-as-usual' even with the current climate crisis. Overall, this helps boost the reliability of the article.

Multiple authors are included in this article whom of which are professors at various universities like Bristol and Bath and researchers. These professionals have brought forward strong points that are thorough helping boost the accuracy of the article. Although, having multiple authors with potentially different ideas may lead to misinformation if it is not portrayed correctly, but instead in a fashion that allows them all to get a point or idea in that doesn't fit the true explanation of time and space rather than one persons clear understanding and narrative of the topic.

The articles purpose is to push people's response to climate change and act upon it before it gets to an irreversible state by aiming to get through to the people at the top (politicians) to make that difference on everyone.

Accessed on 18/10/2023

In this Book ‘Climate Change Risks And Supply Chain Responsibility’, found via google scholar; outlines the immediate effects and risks companies face through their sourcing of materials in the productions process due to extreme weather conditions. Throughout, qualitative data (including three case studies) and quantitative data (graph fluctuations) are explored to provide relevance to the topic.

The strengths of the findings I have accounted are based off primary research through the form of interviews with specialists within the businesses affected by climate change. This increases credibility & reliability as the interviewees can imply specialised knowledge, extensive experience, and a deep understanding of the topic.

It also provides wide-ranging detail throughout the book to provide a better understanding to the audience on the topic issue.

Despite this, the authors of the article are part of the Oxfam charity which could make the information slightly biased in the context that it is a charity to fight against poverty. However it is still recorded as a reliable source due to the use of first-hand research participants. Another aspect to take into account is the publication date, which is 11 years ago. This time lapse raises the possibility that the data figures may have changed over the years, potentially rendering the research slightly outdated.

The purpose of the book was created to present findings to climate issues on businesses and to suggest ways in which companies can mitigate the impact of these issues.

Accessed on 18/10/2023

This journal highlights the significant role of tourism in contributing to climate change primarily through the release of greenhouse gas emissions.

Furthermore, studies show that ‘transport may be responsible for over 90% of tourism’s overall contribution to global climate change, with air travel dominating these emissions.’ In the near future, the airline industry may face challenges as restrictions may be implemented to reduce tourist’s carbon footprints. This could lead to the introduction of interventions and alternatives to air travel, posing a potential threat to the industry.

Journals on ‘Science Direct’ are overseen by esteemed editorial boards, ensuring a high level of expertise and articles undergo a rigorous peer-review process to maintain quality and credibility. The reliability of this journal is also strengthened by the inclusion of citations from other authors, which provide specific facts and figures. This incorporation of diverse viewpoints supports the initial point made, further enhancing the credibility of the journal. The authors of this article are also members of the school of services management at Bournemouth University. This adds credibility as they would be encompassing both primary and secondary investigations, to analyse human-generated emissions in the context of tourism.

Another aspect to take into consideration is the publication date of the journal being 2010. New research or developments may have emerged since then, meaning that there may be slight changes to the evidence as global climate change is becoming worse in the near future.

The article generates primary data by carrying out focus group research samples. However, to enhance the reliability of the journal, it would be beneficial to have information regarding the size of the focus group sample and its representativeness in relation to the entire population. This would contribute to improving the efficiency of the journal's findings.

The purpose of this article is to overview the moving of the tourist industry onto a sustainable emissions path. I am taking a view within the article as to how this purpose will affect air travel businesses economically.

Accessed on 18/10/2023.

This study examines the impact of UK energy and climate change policies on the energy costs and bills of two business sites. It provides a comprehensive analysis, comparing its findings to theoretical calculations of policy costs. ‘The overall impact of energy and climate change policies on costs is projected to be around 0.4% of total business costs by 2020.’

This statistic is likely to have increased significantly by now as we are three years on and climate change is becoming more of a problematic contemporary issue.

Climate change-related expenses will exert significant financial pressure on businesses, compelling them to strive harder to maintain their financial goals.

The authors of this study are students within the Imperial College of London studying at the Grantham Institute for Climate Change. This therefore demonstrates their extensive research expertise in the subject matter, enhancing the article’s overall credibility. Reliability of this article is further increased as it was published via Google Scholar by ‘ScienceDirect’ which is a platform known for it’s impartiality, avoiding any political bias.

The article’s publication date being 2016 provides some strengths and weaknesses to the article as the article may not reflect advancements to present findings. This could comply that the research may be fairly out-dated. However, the findings are still encountered as well-established evidence & knowledge to the topic matter coming from reliable sources.

The purpose of this article was published to show awareness of how climate change can create a struggle of unexpected costs for businesses having to adapt to meet criterias to improve climate change.

Accessed on 22/10/2023.

This article outlines the dramatic effects climate change issues have had on private businesses within the tourism & hospitality sector within Cambodia. The study reveals that ‘projections estimate between USD 4.2 trillion for SME’s & USD 43 trillion for private businesses to adapt to climate change’. The smaller businesses will struggle due to a lack of funding & resources to be prepared for these circumstances.

I have identified several strengths within the article, one of which it’s 2020 publication date, rendering it fairly current. While there may have been some minor changes, the findings remain relevant and not significantly outdated.

The study also includes secondary data as it uses surveys from organisations such as the UNFCCC. This increases credibility of the article by using data from other sources to increase the validity of the research.

The author of the article is also affiliated with the school of social sciences at the University of Auckland which indicates that they would have had access to a wide range of resources including academic libraries and databases.

As ScienceDirect is a platform peer-reviewed it will ensure that the content is thoroughly vetted by experts in the field before being published, which enhances the credibility and accuracy of the information presented.

The overall purpose of this article is to educate and warm the audience how different micro & private businesses have been affected by climate change in Kratie and how they responded to the impacts.