General truths

Daily activities

Facts

Do/does lo usamos para oraciones negativas e interrogativas pero también se puede usar como verbo.

She doesn't her homework everyday after school.

PERSONAL PRONOUNS

HE

SHE TERCERA PERSONA SINGULAR

IT

I PRIMERA PERSONA SINGULAR

YOU SEGUNDA PERSONA SINGULAR/PLURAL

THEY TERCERA PERSONA PLURAL

WE PRIMERA PERSONA PURAL

IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.

EL SALVADOR IS A BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY, ITS CULTURE IS VERY RICH.

COOK

WATCH ES

SEE

WRITE

FIX ES

CRY

PLAY

PAY

EAT

PASS ES

GO ES

LEARN

WALK

WASH ES

REGLAS PARA TERCERA PERSONA (HE, SHE, IT)

SI TENEMOS 3° PERSONA SINGULAR EN UNA ORACION DEBEMOS AGREGAR "S" AL VERBO.

SI EL VERBO TERMINA EN SS, CH, O, X, SH SE LE TIENE QUE AGREGAR "ES".

SI EL VERBO TERMINA EN "Y" PERO ANTES TIENE UNA CONSONANTE, ENTONCES SE ELIMINA LA CONSONANTE Y SE LE AGREGA "IES".

CRY IES CRIES

FRY IES FRIES

SI EL VERBO TERMINA EN "Y" PERO ANTES TIENE UNA VOCAL, ENTONCES SE CONSERVA LA "Y" Y SOLO SE LE AGREGA "S".

PLAY S PLAYS

HE PLAYS SOCCER EVERY SUNDAY.

PAY S PAYS

PRAY S PRAYS

DOES SHE DO her homework everyday after school?

She does her homework everyday after school.

HE READS A BOOK BEFORE GOING TO BED EVERY NIGHT.

DOES HE READ A BOOK BEFORE GOING TO BED EVERY NIGHT?

HE

SHE DOES/DOESN'T, DOES NOT

IT

THEY

WE DO/DON'T, DO NOT

I

YOU

AFF. SUBJECT + VERB + REST OF THE SENTENCE

NEG. SUBJECT + DON'T, DO NOT/DOESN'T DOES NOT + VERB IN BASE FORM + REST OF THE SENTENCE

INT. DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB IN BASE FORM + REST OF THE SENTENCE + ?

Comparing two different actions in the past

When I arrived, the children were waiting for me.

I

HE WAS

SHE

IT

THEY

WE WERE

YOU

LOS -ING EN LOS TENSES PROGRESSIVE/CONTINUOUS SIGNIFICAN ANDO ENDO

RUNNING CORRIENDO

WATCHING VIENDO

COOKING COCINANDO

A- At 4 p.m. I was reading a book.

B- I STARTED TO READ A BOOK AT 4 pm.

This means that the reading activity started before 4 p.m. and continued at that time.

I was falling asleep when I heard a noise downstairs.

They were just going onto the motorway when they got a flat tire.

My dog barked loudly when I was receving classes.

I was eating when my sister asked me for help.

I was running when I stumbled.

ly - mente

fuertemente

ruidosamente

PAST CONTINUOUS OR SIMPLE PAST?

Si yo cuento una historia en un orden cronologico yo puedo usar el simple past.

What did you do yesterday?

What were you doing yesterday at night?

STRUCTURE

AFF. SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + -ING + REST OF THE SENTENCE

NEG. SUBJECT + WASN'T - WAS NOT/WEREN'T - WERE NOT + -ING + REST OF THE SENTENCE

INT. WAS/WERE + SUBJECT + -ING + REST OF THE SENTENCE + ?

LIKE - LIKING

WATCH - WATCHING

TAKE - TAKING

WAKE - WAKING

CRY - CRYING

PLAY - PLAYING

CHANGE - CHANGING

USE - USING

ANSWER - ANSWERING

CLOSE - CLOSING

FOLLOW - FOLLOWING

STUDY - STUDYING

TRY - TRYING

VOCABULARY

barked - bark - ladrar - ladró

stumbled - stumble - tropezar - tropezé

1. I already ate dinner.

2. I ate dinner at 8 pm.

3. Amanda lived in Russia for three years ago.

4. My father swam very often when he was young.

STRUCTURES

AFF. SUBJECT + VERB IN SIMPLE PAST + REST OF THE SENTENCE

I did my homework.

I read an interesting book.

Blanca taught to her students how to read better.

Teach - taught - enseñar

NEG. SUBJECT + DIDN'T/DID NOT + VERB IN BASE FORM + REST OF THE SENTENCE

Santiago didn't read the book that the teacher assigned us to read.

I did not wash my clothes this Sunday.

INT. DID + SUBJECT + + VERB IN BASE FORM + REST OF THE SENTENCE +?

Did you go to the super market last week?

Did Karla finish her homework?

Did Charles clean his room?

In the simple past we use the auxiliary verb "DID". This aux. is used with every subject (singular or plural).

EXPRESSIONS

Yesterday

Last time, year, month, day, winter, season, weekend, night etc, etc

Ago + time

three years ago, two days ago, a long time ago

in the past

Aff. Marlyn baked the cake for her son's birthday.

Andy sang a beautiful song.

Nanci was late to class.

Neg. The kid didn't drink the medicine.

The girls didn't study for the exam.

The girl didn't arrive on time at the bus stop.

Int. Did Nanci do a diet?

Did you clean your room?

Did you finish the class?

Talk about a near future

One of the differences between the present progressive and the simple is that in the simple present we talk about routines, daily actions, etc and in the present progessive we talk about actions we are doing at the moment.

In the present progressive we use -ING

In the present progressive we use the verb to-be.

SUBJECT + VERB TO-BE + -ING + COMPLEMENT

Examples:

I am eating pistachios.

The girls are receiving classes right now.

I'm taking notes about the class.

Nanci is thinking on her ex boyfriend.

He is asking me for forgiveness.

SUBJECT + VERB TO-BE + NOT + -ING + COMPLEMENT

NOT + VERB TO-BE

are = are not, aren't

is = is not, isn't

am = amn't

SUBJECT + VERB TO-BE

I am = I'm not

He = He's

She = She's

It = It's

They = They're

We = We're

You = You're

He's not

He isn't

Examples

I am not cooking my lunch for tomorrow.

I'm not turning on my camara.

I'm not recording videos.

Marlyn is not watching TV.

We aren't eating Pollo Campero for dinner tonight.

VERB TO-BE + SUBJECT + -ING + COMPLEMENT +?

Are we eating Pollo Campero on Saturday?

Is my mom cleaning the bathroom?

Are you leaving?

Are you confusing verb tenses?

EXPRESSIONS

Right now

Now

At the moment

At night

Tonight

Today

In this moment

If we talk about near future we can use the present progressive tense.

How do I know if someone is talking in present progressive with future meaning?

Tomorrow

At night, tonight

Next weekend, next week

In the afternoon, in the morning

I'm leaving tomorrow for the airport.

Clara is having a date next Sunday.

Clara is having a date this Sunday.

My son is doing homework tomorrow morning/ in the morning.

My friend is preparing for the next olympics.

My sister is cutting her hair this weekend.