https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3 en-us 2023-09-19 02:19:29 UTC 2025-04-24 08:28:29 UTC hello@padlet.com laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709913141 To me, health is not just a state of good physical wellbeing but emotional, mental and social. One of the more important aspects of health to me is mental health. Throughout my life, I have struggled with anxiety and depression. I always felt that having low mental health affected my physical state. I didn't eat well and didn't exercise. I feel this caused low moods and constant exhaustion. Upon managing my mental health, I noticed a massive different in my moods and energy levels. To me, health is not always physical. ]]> 2023-09-19 02:28:31 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709913141 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709915112 In Scottish culture, before modern medicine, we had many ways to combat many different diseases and illnesses. The most commonly used was Mugwort. It was believed that Mugwort could cure all ailments. Juniper, a form of berry, was used as a universal disinfectant. We also used Carline Thistle as a form of antibiotic.  ]]> 2023-09-19 02:29:44 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709915112 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709917480 The Bagpipes are traditional Scottish instruments. They are wind instruments consisting of two or more single- or double-reed pipes. They create beautiful music with a spiritual connection. ]]> 2023-09-19 02:31:17 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709917480 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709919717 The most well-known cuisines in Scotland include Haggis and Black Pudding. Haggis is the national dish of Scotland. It contains the liver, heart, and lungs of a sheep, minced and mixed with beef or mutton suet and oatmeal and seasoned with onion, cayenne pepper, and other spices. The mixture is packed into a sheep's stomach and boiled. Although it does not sound appetising, it is delicious. Black Pudding contains a mix of pig's blood, oatmeal, fat, onions, spices and heavy cream, equally as delicious as Haggis.  ]]> 2023-09-19 02:32:51 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709919717 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709925374 These are three different determinants as described by the World Health Organisation that can affect Refugees in Australia.   

Unemployment and job insecurity
Refugees can experience unemployment and job insecurity upon arriving in Australia. Factors that can contribute to this are language barriers, a lack of Australian work experience and lastly with necessary qualifications needed for certain jobs (HRD. 2022)
Working life conditions
There has been research conducted that refugees experience challenging work environments and higher levels of unfair treatment compared to other immigrant groups (Cain et al., 2021)
Education
Australia offers education to all refugees. Australia offers many different ways of education. These pathways include all levels of primary and secondary education, Vocational education training, English language courses and higher education such as university (Refugee Council of Australia. 2023)

References
World Health Organisation. Social Determinants (2023)
https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1

Cain, P., Daly, A., & Reid, A. (2021, April 12). How refugees experience the Australian workplace: A comparative mixed methods study. International journal of environmental research and public health.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8069511/
Education for refugees. Refugee Council of Australia. (2022, November 12). https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/education-info/

Tamaray, P. (2022, August 22). Migrant and Refugee Workers “left behind” on job employment. HRD Australia. https://www.hcamag.com/au/specialisation/employment-law/migrant-and-refugee-workers-left-behind-on-job-employment/417693 ]]> 2023-09-19 02:36:42 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709925374 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709927488 Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) 
Hepatitis B Virus is a liver infection caused by Hepatitis B Virus (Health Direct. 2023). It can cause lifelong damaging effects to the liver. Hepatitis B can either be acute or chronic.
A high prevalence of Hepatitis B has been found among Burmese refugees at 14% (Refugee Health Guide. 2023)
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for acute Hepatitis (Health Direct. 2023) although treatment aims to maintain good health but doesn't offer a cure. For those with chronic Hepatitis, they may not always need treatment. Those who have chronic Hepatitis that do not have liver damage should have blood tests every 6 months to monitor. Those who do have liver damage should have close medical supervision for liver cancer and possibly need antivirals to reduce the risk for liver disease (Health Direct. 2023) A vaccine is recommended for refugees who do not have the virus. 
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-spread parasitic protozoal infection caused by the genus Plasmodium (Refugee Health Guide. 2023). Malaria has been diagnosed in refugee cohorts from Sub-Saharan Africa between 4 to 10%.
Treatment 
Malaria can be treated if the right drugs are used (CDC. 2023). Refugees with Malaria can be cured and all of the Malaria parasites can be cleared from the body. These drugs included antimalarials such as Atovaquone/Proguanil.
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic infection caused by flukes of the genus Schistosoma. (Refugee Health Guide. 2023). Exposure to infective fresh water is how it is contracted. Positive schistosomiasis serology has been found in 37% of African refugees arriving in Newcastle NSW (Refugee Health Guide. 2023) The infection can be urinary or intestinal.
Treatment
Praziquantel is a safe and effective medication given over the course of 1-2 days to treat the infection (CDC. 2023)

References 
Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture Inc (Foundation House). Australian Refugee Health Practice Guide . https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/

Healthdirect Australia. Hepatitis B. healthdirect.

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/hepatitis-b
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, June 28). CDC - Malaria - about malaria - faqs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/faqs.html 


]]> 2023-09-19 02:38:05 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709927488 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709929160 To me, the most relevant aspect of Competency Standard 12.1 was to maintain an awareness of your own culture and how this may create biases. A bias may create room for a negative interaction in a healthcare setting affecting the care given. I have improved my understanding of cultural bias and what this can do in a healthcare setting. Having learnt about cultural bias, I feel that I am at a capable level to care for patients with different cultural backgrounds. This is an essential skill to me in the workplace as I believe everyone has a right to healthcare, no matter their cultural background or beliefs. All individuals have a right to feel safe and comfortable when receiving care and having knowledge of cultural bias can make sure I treat all my patients equality but also within their cultural practices.

Culturally Responsive Clinical Practice: Working with People from Migrant and Refugee Backgrounds. (2019, January 1). Migrant & Refugee Women's Health Partnership. https://culturaldiversityhealth.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Culturally-responsive-clinical-practice-Working-with-people-from-migrant-and-refugee-backgrounds-Jan2019.pdf          ]]> 2023-09-19 02:39:10 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2709929160 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2725521313 The most well-known piece of Scottish clothing is the kilt. A kilt is made of made of twill-woven worsted wool. The kilt has heavy pleats at the sides and back. Tartan is the pattern normally on kilts and can represent a family clan. ]]> 2023-09-29 02:59:52 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2725521313 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2725521461 Highland dancing is a traditional type of dancing in Scotland. There are 4 types of highland dancing, the Highland Fling, the Sword Dance, the Seann Triubhas and the Strathspey & Reel. All these dances are performed wearing the traditional Scottish kilt. Highland dancing has always been regarded as one of the most sophisticated dances in the world. ]]> 2023-09-29 03:00:04 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2725521461 laurafairlie9499 https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2737607996 Burns Supper is a traditional Scottish dinner held yearly to celebrate the life of Robert Burns, and author and poet of many of Scotland's most well-known poems. It is held on or around Roberts's birthday, the 25th of January. Traditions on this night include eating haggis, sharing Roberts's most well-known poems and lots of singing and dancing. ]]> 2023-10-09 05:32:23 UTC https://padlet.com/laurafairlie9499/d1ma1riir4m0may3/wish/2737607996