The Geosphere by Erik Ibrahim Manzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s The sphere of the Earth wich includes soil composition, mountains, earthquakes, volvanoes, geysers, landslides, rock cycle, types of rocks, landfills, water and minerals of the lithosphere, abiotic and biotic, nonrenewable and renewable resources. en-us 2016-10-21 13:05:44 UTC 2026-01-27 17:46:53 UTC hello@padlet.com Soil Composition erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132327793 Soil composition refers the type and quantity of substances found in soils. Soil substances occur in four basic components: minerals, organic matter, water and air. The combination of these substances varies among soils but generally consists primarily of minerals followed by equal parts water and air and a small amount of organic matter. Soil composition is an important aspect of nutrient management. While soil minerals and organic matter hold and store nutrients, soil water is what readily provides nutrients for plant uptake. ... The basic components of soil are minerals, organic matter, water and air.]]> 2016-10-21 13:06:27 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132327793 Mountains erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132336878 a large natural elevation of the earth's surface rising abruptly from the surrounding level; a large steep hill. Also a large mass of something resembling this, as in shape or size.Mountains exist on every continent and even beneath our great oceans. Some of the highest mountains are at the bottom of the sea. Hawaii is at the top of a volcanic mountain in the Pacific Ocean. More than half the mountain is below water.The largest range of mountains is in the Atlantic Ocean.]]> 2016-10-21 13:33:33 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132336878 Earthquakes erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132339690 An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.smaller earthquakes that happen in the same place as the larger earthquake that follows. Scientists can’t tell that an earthquake is a foreshock until the larger earthquake happens. The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock.

]]> 2016-10-21 13:42:29 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132339690 Volcanoes erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132356759 A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes. These so-called "hotspots", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth. Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.

]]> 2016-10-21 14:29:48 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132356759 Geysers erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132358790 A geyser is a vent in Earth's surface that periodically ejects a column of hot water and steam. Even a small geyser is an amazing phenomenon; however some geysers have eruptions that blast thousands of gallons of boiling hot water up to a few hundred feet in the air. 
Old Faithful is the world's best known geyser. It is located in Yellowstone National Park (USA). Old Faithful erupts every 60 to 90 minutes and blasts a few thousand gallons of boiling hot water between 100 and 200 feet into the air. Geysers are extremely rare features. They occur only where there is a coincidence of unusual conditions. Worldwide there are only about 1000 geysers and most of those are located in Yellowstone National Park (USA). 

]]> 2016-10-21 14:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132358790 Landslides erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132360663 A landslide, also known as a landslip, is a form of mass wasting that includes a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debrisflows. Landslides can occur in underwater, called a submarine landslide, coastal and onshore environments. Although the action of gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, there are other contributing factors affecting the original slope stability. Typically, pre-conditional factors build up specific sub-surface conditions that make the area/slope prone to failure, whereas the actual landslide often requires a trigger before being released. Landslides should not be confused with mud flows, a form of mass wasting involving very to extremely rapid flow of debris that has become partially or fully liquefied by the addition of significant amounts of water to the source material.]]> 2016-10-21 14:41:35 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132360663 Rock Cycle erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132366495 The rock cycle is a model that describes the formation, breakdown, and reformation of a rock as a result of sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic processes.All rocks are made up of minerals. A mineral is defined as a naturally occurring, crystalline solid of definite chemical composition and a characteristic crystal structure. A rock is any naturally formed, nonliving, firm, and coherent aggregate mass of solid matter that constitutes part of a planet.
an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.]]> 2016-10-21 14:57:54 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132366495 Types of rocks  erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132368341 The three main types, or classes, of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous and the differences among them have to do with how they are formed.
Sedimentary
Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material.Metamorphic
Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis that occurs due to intense heat and pressure.Igneous
Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools and hardens.]]> 2016-10-21 15:03:58 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132368341 Landfills  erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132372041  is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of waste treatment (although the burial part is modern; historically, refuse was just left in piles or thrown into pits). Historically, landfills have been the most common method of organized waste disposal and remain so in many places around the world.
Some landfills are also used for waste mases, such as the temporary storage, consolidation and transfer, or processing of waste material (sorting, treatment, or recycling).
A landfill also may refer to ground that has been filled in with rocks instead of waste materials[citation needed], so that it can be used for a specific purpose, such as for building houses. Unless they are stabilized, these areas may experience severe shaking or soil liquefaction of the ground during a large earthquake.

]]> 2016-10-21 15:15:06 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132372041 Water and Minerals of the lithosphere erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132375806 Seafloor Lithosphere. Under the ocean basins, the crust and mantle rocks of the lithosphere have more or less the same chemical composition. They are made up of minerals enriched in iron and magnesium and deficient in silica, the combination of silicon and oxygen.The lithosphere is the outermost shell of rocky planets consisting of the oceanic and continental crusts. The more common minerals are quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, muscovite mica, biotite mica, calcite, etc. However, there have been over 4,700 mineral species identified.]]> 2016-10-21 15:25:23 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132375806 Abiotic and Biotic erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132451621 The living things in an ecosystem are called biotic factors. Living things include plants, animals, bacteria, fungi and more. The non living parts of an ecosystem are called abiotic factors. In an ecosystem some abiotic factors are sunlight, temperature atmospheric gases water and soil.]]> 2016-10-21 19:50:17 UTC https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132451621 Nonrenewable and Renewable resources erikibrahimmanzano https://padlet.com/erikibrahimmanzano/cuaugi9rxw8s/wish/132499958 A nonrenewable resource is a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption. Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered nonrenewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years.


A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly because it is replaced naturally. Examples are: oxygen, fresh water, solar energy, timber, and biomass. Renewable resources may include goods or commodities such as wood, paper and leather, because their sources are renewable.Gasoline, coal, natural gas, diesel, plastics and other things that come from fossil fuels are not renewable. They take millions of years to be made, and cannot be renewed in our lifetime or even a nation's lifetime (they are called fossil fuels because they are as old as fossils). Ways have been developed to make biodegradable plastic and biodiesel and other fuels from renewable resources such as corn, sugar cane, soybeans and canola.

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