Nematoda 1 by ZOO2A Tutorials https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n en-us 2018-03-20 12:08:53 UTC 2025-10-26 03:31:09 UTC hello@padlet.com Phylum Nematoda zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243950703 Morpholology:
  • They are generally elongated, spindle shaped on both ends 
  • Pseudocoel is present. Describe what pseudocoel means
  • Identify the digestive tract in the picture below
  • pharynx triradial. What does this mean?What is the functionality of this type of pharynx?
  • Non -cellular cuticle covers the body of the organism
  • How many muscle layers do they have?
  • How does excretion take place?


]]> 2018-03-20 12:11:02 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243950703 Muscle layer zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243955568 2018-03-20 12:21:16 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243955568 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243956287 2018-03-20 12:22:37 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243956287 Please identify what characteristics are used to determine the sex of a nematode zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243956503 What types of reproduction do they make use of? What advantage do you think these reproduction types offer these organisms?]]> 2018-03-20 12:23:05 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243956503 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243994564 2018-03-20 13:26:26 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/243994564 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244003902 2018-03-20 13:40:03 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244003902 The digestive system zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244006637 Fill in the missing words:
Nematodes have a_____digestive system with an opening and a rectum (protodeum).  The buccal cavity and eosophagus  also known as the ________is lined with cuticle.  The buccal cavity opens into the ________ and predatory nematodes have special structures in this cavity.

Describe how the esophagus of the nematode works

]]> 2018-03-20 13:43:42 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244006637 Reproduction zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244010606
  • Can be seperate sexes (Male and female)
  • Parthenogenesis also occurs
    • Name one other example of parthenogenesis in the animal kingdom
    ]]>     2018-03-20 13:48:50 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244010606     Dimorphism between sexes zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244012159 Sexual dimorphism, is defined as the differences in appearance between males and females of the same species (Differences occur in penotypical characteristics such as in colour, shape, size, and structure) that are caused by the inheritance of one or the other sexual pattern in the genetic material.]]> 2018-03-20 13:50:49 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244012159 The male reproductive sytem zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244014273 How many testis do the males have?

    ]]>     2018-03-20 13:53:41 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244014273     Female reproductive system zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244915490 Please label the female reproductive system. A and D is not part of the reproductive system, but are the same structures in male and female nematodes, can you identify them?]]> 2018-03-22 10:53:43 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244915490 Female reproduction zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244919067
  • usually two ovaries (up to 6 usually two ovaries monodelphic(1),didelphicdidelphic(2), polydelphic(many)
  • Amphidelphic (from 2 sides) 
  • What is the differential functions of the ovary and the oviduct in the female nematode?
  • Meiosis follows fertilization => egg shell formation follows
  • What is the differential functions of the uterus and the vagina in the female nematode?
    • ]]>     2018-03-22 11:05:06 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244919067     Mating/Copulation zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244920103
  • Differentiate between chemo taxis and tigmo taxis
  • What is the role of spiculums and bursa?
    • ]]>     2018-03-22 11:09:05 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244920103     Egg deposition zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244921354 2018-03-22 11:14:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244921354 Tcichuris trichiura species zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244921881
  • Do you know the name they are commonly referred to as?
  • Males are usually smaller than the females (length range in mm?)
    • Morphology:
    • Mouth is simple without lips. 
    • Buccal cavity with stylet
    How many gonads do the male and female specimens have?
    • Spiny sheath around spiculum of male
    • Female uterus has lemon shaped eggs with caps on both sides
    Does this species have an excretory system?

    ]]>     2018-03-22 11:15:56 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244921881     Biology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925246 Describe this species life cycle in detail

    ]]>     2018-03-22 11:26:43 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925246     Epidemiology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925720 What would you recommend as control methods?]]> 2018-03-22 11:28:12 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925720 Trichinella spiralis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925903 Identify the host organisms for this species]]> 2018-03-22 11:28:43 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244925903 Morphology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244933816 Describe the differences in morphology between the males and females from this species]]> 2018-03-22 11:52:57 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244933816 Biology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244948331 Fill in the blank spaces:
    The same animal can act as both the intermediate and final host. Infective larvae is ____ and moves to the ____, exsheath then moves to intestinal mucosa. Within ____hours after the infection has taken place _________ and insemination could have already happened.  Females from this species birth about ________ larvae within ____________weeks.  What happens to the female after giving birth?
    Larvae are then transported via the hepatoportal system to the following organs_____, ______,________ and then to the remainder of the body.  From here they are able to infiltrate the muscle fibre of the vertebrate, they form a ______ that is infiltrated by______. How many worms can you find in 1 cyst? What muscles are targeted first?Larvae grow from 1mm to_____mm (known as invective stage). Describe what happens to the cyst and the muscle after this stage of the infection.


    ]]>     2018-03-22 12:28:46 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244948331     Definition of hepatoportal zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244951153 hepatoportal system


    [hep-uh-toh-pawr-tl, -pohr-, hi-pat-uh-] 

    • Word Origin
    noun, Anatomy.
    1.
    a vascular arrangement in vertebrates through which blood is transportedinto the liver from capillaries of the stomach, spleen, duodenum, pancreas,and intestines.



    ]]>     2018-03-22 12:35:28 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244951153     Epidemiology and Pathogenesis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244954102 Describe how you can get infected.  The symptoms you would have as the infection reaches different stages. How would you diagnose this infection?How would you treat and prevent this infection?

    Describe the parthenogenesis in detail (Penetration, Migration, Muscle migration)]]>     2018-03-22 12:42:00 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244954102     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244956426 2018-03-22 12:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244956426 Strongyloides species zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244957587 What are the host animals for these species?

    Morphology:
    Very small worms (differentiate between male and female specimens)
    Buccal capsule is small
    Long cylindrical esophagus without a basal bulbus
    FEMALE:
    Vulva is positioned 1/3 of the body length
    Divergent uteri with only a few eggs
    MALE:
    2 simple spiculae and gubernaculum

    ]]>     2018-03-22 12:49:33 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244957587     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244960932 2018-03-22 12:56:01 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244960932 Biology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244966428 How does the female anchor herself and bore into the sub mucosa?
    How many eggs hatch in the intestine?
    Name the two types of larvae
    Name the two types of eggs    ]]>     2018-03-22 13:07:34 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244966428     Life cycle zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968308 2018-03-22 13:11:38 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968308 Epidemiology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968472 How will you get infected with this parasite?
    What is the distribution for this nematode over the world]]>     2018-03-22 13:11:57 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968472     Pathology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968723 Describe the 3 pathology stages:
    1. Entering the host
    2. Lung phase
    3. Intestinal phase

    What organs can they effect?]]>     2018-03-22 13:12:29 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244968723     Treatment and diagnosis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244970181 Identify larvae in the faecus- How would you identify them?
    Thiabendazole can be effectice as treatment

    ]]>     2018-03-22 13:15:19 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244970181     ORDER: Strongylida zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244974385 Family: Ancylostomidae
    Describe unique characteristics that would help you identify this family


    ]]>     2018-03-22 13:22:48 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244974385     Nice picture of the head zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244977891 2018-03-22 13:28:55 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244977891 Male Ancylostomidae zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244978801
  • Conspicuous bursa
  • Two lateral lobes and dorsal lobe with fleshy rays
  • Spiculae needle shaped
  • Gubernaculum present
    • ]]>     2018-03-22 13:30:23 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244978801     Female Ancylostomidae zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244981199
  • Conical tail
  • Vulva post-equatorial
  • two ovaries
  • Thousands of eggs produced per day for up to 9 years
    • ]]>     2018-03-22 13:33:52 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244981199     Biology zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244984710 Describe how reproduction takes place.
    How do the eggs develop?
    Describe the 3 stages of larvae that can be identified
    Differentiate between the species Nectator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale]]>     2018-03-22 13:39:59 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244984710     Nectator americanus zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244987027 2018-03-22 13:43:50 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244987027 Ancylostoma duodenale zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244989480 2018-03-22 13:48:03 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/244989480 Epidemioogy zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000118 Is this a common parasitic infection? Describe the distribution of this infection in terms of socioeconomic circumstances. How would you advise the general community members to control this parasite infection? What would your advise be to health care practitioners (doctors, clinics, nurses)? Does your advise differ for the community compared to the advise for the health care practitioners? If yes, why?]]> 2018-03-26 10:01:02 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000118 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000591 Socioeconomic factors are characteristics that define the quality of life in a society. They influence the behaviors, attitudes, trends, tastes and lifestyles of individuals. ... Education, income and occupation are the main parameters of socioeconomic status, according to the American Psychological Association.]]> 2018-03-26 10:03:18 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000591 Pathogenesis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000657 Three phases are identified:
    1. Cutaneus phase
    2. Migration/lung phase
    3. Intestinal phase
    YOU NEED TO BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE EACH PHASE IN DETAIL]]>     2018-03-26 10:03:38 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246000657     Diagnosis and treatment zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246002175
  • Identify eggs in feces
  • Treat with diet supplementation and mebendazole


    • ]]>     2018-03-26 10:11:16 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246002175     Creeping eruption/sand worms zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246002741 Is this infection zoonotic?
    What other vertebrate animals can be host animals?
    Common at nursery schools
    How can you identify this infection in humans?]]>     2018-03-26 10:14:18 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246002741     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246009060 2018-03-26 10:45:59 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246009060 Family: Trichostrongylidae zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246009124 Example of a species belonging to this family: Haemonchus contortus

    Morphology:
    Male
    Very distinct spicule morphology
    Female
    Eggs deposited in morula stage (Does these eggs have a shell like structure?)
    Are there any intermediate hosts?
    During what larval stage do the eggs hatch?


    ]]>     2018-03-26 10:46:20 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246009124     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246010626 2018-03-26 10:55:16 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246010626 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011346 2018-03-26 10:59:15 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011346 Eggs zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011608 2018-03-26 11:00:48 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011608 Pathogenesis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011932 Fill in the gaps:
    This parasitic infection can infect cattle, _____, goats and other wild__________. Take note that cattle and other wild ruminants belong to the family_________, and sheep and goats belong to the family________. The infection can cause various pathogenic reactions such as anemia,________, intestinal disturbances, _______, blood loss and eventually a _______________ reaction]]>     2018-03-26 11:03:01 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246011932     Family: Ascarididae zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246012622 Example of a species that belong to this family : Ascaris lumbricoides

    Morphology:
    Large in size and cylindrical in shape
    Anterior ends are pointed
    The mouth of this nematode has 3 fine dentriculated lips (One dorsal and two ventro lateral)]]>     2018-03-26 11:06:56 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246012622     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246013907 2018-03-26 11:13:23 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246013907 Just to refresh your memory zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246014214 2018-03-26 11:15:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246014214 Pathogenesis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246014315 • Little damage by penetration, larvae wander and die in wander and die in wander and die in wander and die in _____________ locations such as the spleen, ______, lymph nodes and brain that causes inflammation
    • Migration into ___________ cause hemorrhage , small pools of blood in heavy infections, resulting in ___________ and clogging of air passages.
    • With secondary infections death can occur.
    •Food from content of gut, moderate infections causes ____________ and __________.
    • Abdominal pains and allergic reactions are possible to occur (rashes, ________, asthma, insomnia, __________).
    • Fatal blockages leads to _____________.]]>     2018-03-26 11:15:40 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246014315     Describe what wondering worms are? zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246016162 How do you diagnose this infection?
    What hosts are infected?
    Describe the pathogenesis
    Describe what diagnosis and treatment would be appropriate

    ]]>     2018-03-26 11:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246016162     Pinworms zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246016645 Species: Enterobius vermicularis

    Morphology:
    • Male and female worms are identical, with 3 lips each.
    • males from this species have 1 spiculum
    • Females have a vulva between 1/3 and 2/3 of the anterior end of their bodies
    • Two uteri with thousands of eggs are present
    ]]>     2018-03-26 11:26:37 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246016645     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018272 2018-03-26 11:33:12 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018272 Egg depsitiion zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018728 2018-03-26 11:34:58 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018728 Please explain the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of pin worms in detail zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018891 2018-03-26 11:35:37 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246018891 Family: Onchocercidae zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246019123 Species from this family: Wurchereria bancrofti

    Morphology:
    Fill in the gaps:
    Long and slender worms that can cause ___________ also known as filariasis in various regions of the world inclusing Africa,___________, Turkey,___________,India,___________, and South America. These worms have a smooth _________, with ________ shaped ends. Their heads are wider with ____ papilla. They are usually located in the _____ system in the lower half of the body.  Females are ___________________, producing thousands of microfilaria released in the ____________.
    Describe the phases of infection from a mosquito to a human


    ]]>     2018-03-26 11:36:39 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246019123     Pathogenesis zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246023277 Describe the 3 phases in detail:
    1. Incubation
    2. Acute or chronic inflammation
    3. Obstructive phase]]>     2018-03-26 11:52:21 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246023277     Describe how you would diagnose the infection and what the treatment is zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246023703 What do you think is the best way to control the intermediate host?

    ]]>     2018-03-26 11:53:41 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246023703     PHYLUM: Acanthocephala zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246024039 Worms that belong to this Phylum is commonly referred to as _____ headed worms.
    List the hosts they commonly effect

    Morphology:
    • They have a retractable proboscis with a hook and lemniscus.
    • They do NOT have a digestive system.

    ]]>     2018-03-26 11:54:57 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246024039     zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246025573 2018-03-26 12:00:47 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246025573 Please label the following figure and identify as male or female zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246025711 2018-03-26 12:01:12 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246025711 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246040952 2018-03-26 12:38:34 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246040952 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246041195 2018-03-26 12:39:06 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246041195 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246042242 2018-03-26 12:41:22 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246042242 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044083 2018-03-26 12:45:07 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044083 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044266 2018-03-26 12:45:32 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044266 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044754 2018-03-26 12:46:41 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246044754 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246045126 2018-03-26 12:47:29 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246045126 zoology2a https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246406161 2018-03-27 09:22:04 UTC https://padlet.com/zoology2a/cq5h445c442n/wish/246406161