In the political aspect, Germany’s national security or military was affected, as their army was reduced to 100,000 soldiers, battleships were reduced to six only, and they have forbidden the manufacture of armored cars, tanks, submarines, airplanes, and poison gas. Also, Rhineland was demilitarized. This has highly impacted their military strength, since Rhineland is close to Belgium, as Rhineland was considered as the defensive border of Belgium. This has made the Germans feel powerless about the reduction of their country’s military because their army was powerless to even against the tiny new nation-states. Also, the Germans hated the demilitarisation of Rhineland due to the weakness of the Weimar republic.

In the economic aspect, Germany needed to pay 6.6 billion pounds for the war reparation, this has led to the economic decline of Germany. Furthermore, once land like Belgium, Czechoslovakia, and Poland was given up, it will affect the industrial growth in Germany, because some land consists of valuable raw materials. As a result, Germany lost 13 percent of its European territory, which was more than 27,000 square miles. Therefore, fewer industrial goods were to be produced. This has led to the uprise of the hateness, because they disagree about how other countries thought Germany had caused all the damage. They think a large number of reparations was designed to destroy their economy 

In the social aspect, the citizens in Germany lose national pride in their country due to the “War Guilt Clause”. Which made the Germans feel humiliated about the “War guilt clause” since they had to bear the sole responsibility of the war debt in World War 1 because they did not think they were the ones who caused the war. In the German's minds, they think the war could have been won if their army weren’t betrayed by politicians and protesters. Also, people lost their jobs and they were suffering due to the hyperinflation. 

2. Hitler Joining of the Nazi Party (1919-1933) (Thomas)
Nazi Party, bynamed of National Socialist German Workers’ Party, a political party under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, and came to power in 1933.

The Nazi Party was founded by Anton Drexler in 1919. By that period, Hitler attended one of its meetings, and due to his energy and oratorical skills would enable him to take over the party. In the same year, the 25 point program had become the permanent fundamentals for Nazi Party which was formulated by Hitler. By 1921, Hitler had taken over Nazi Party and ousted the party’s other leaders. Under the lead of Hitler, the Nazi Party built up steady in its home base of Bavaria, but this only hang on for 2 to 3 years. In 1923, Hitler and his followers felt strong enough to stage the Beer Hall Putsch and tried to control the Bavarian state government, hoping it would trigger a nationwide insurrection against the Weimar Republic. However, they failed to do so. The Nazi Party was temporarily banned and Hitler was sent to jail until 1924.

When Hitler was released on December 20, 1924, he quickly set about rebuilding the Nazi party, and swear only to gain power through legal political means. The Nazi party had soon gained power through the election. In 1929, Germany fell into economic depression and widespread unemployment, leading to the Nazis criticizing the ruling government. Soon, Hitler was named the Chancellor of Germany in January 1933, and the Nazi government took control of Germany. However, his real aim was to become a dictator, realizing he needed to have more seats to increase his position that would lead to his goal. Therefore, Hitler convinced President Hindenburg to call a new Reichstag election in March 1933. This has led to a series of events and ended with Hitler becoming Fuhrer.

3.  The Beer Hall Putsch 1923 (a) (Adrian)
Beer Hall Putsch was also known as Munich Putsch, German Bierkeller Putsch, Munchener Putsch or Hitlerputsch. Adolf Hitler and Erich Ludendorff to start an insurrection in Germany against the Weimar Republic on November 8-9 in 1923. They wanted to establish a new government based on race.

On the night of 8 November 1923, Hitler and 600 stormtroopers went into a meeting held at the local Beer Hall by Kahr and Lossow. Hitler was forcing them to agree to rebel, by supporting them to carry the “Revolution against the government.” If they agreed, Hitler would then let them go. The Army ( SA ) took over the army headquarters and the local newspaper's office. 

The next day, 9 November 1923, Hitler and his army ( Nazi ) went into a triumphal march to take power, however Kahr had called in the police and army to reinforcements. There were a short, which the police killed 16 Nazi and more then a dozen of Hitler’s supporters were also killed.  At last Hitler fled and was arrested two days later. 

4. Writing "Mein Kampf", the Nazi Ideology 1925 (Thomas)
“Mein Kampf”, translates as “My Struggles”, was a book written by Hitler which was separated into 2 volumes and published in 1925 and 1927 respectively. The “Mein Kampf” was part about his autobiography, and part about politics, propaganda of the key components of Nazi and the aggressive foreign policy aimed at gaining living space in Eastern Europe.

Hitler began writing the “Mein Kampf” in 1924 while he was in Landsberg prison, due to the action he and the Nazi party did to Bavarian state government, they were banned and sent to prison. When Hitler was arrested, this news was highly publicized, even news about his trial after being arrested was publicized, it is because the judge of this case was one of the supporters of Nazi beliefs. Therefore, Hitler’s trial was used as propaganda. Finally, Hitler was sentenced to 5 years in prison. However, he only served for 9 months out of the 5 years, and he was released. During his days in prison, with his political career at an all-time low, he spent time publishing books that would help him earn money and used as a propaganda platform to talk about his radical views and attack those who betrayed him and Germany. 

5. The Great Depression  1929-1932 (a) (Adrian)
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic decline that began in the United States. It started in late 1929 after the stock market crash in October 1929, which was known as Black Thursday. Consumers lost confidence after the crash, they stopped spending and investing, which led factories and other businesses to slow down production and fire their employees. For those who were employed, their wages were greatly reduced.

The gold standard helped spread the depression worldwide as it joined countries with a fixed currency exchange rate.

And the natural disasters made the situation worse, droughts brought high winds and dust, killing people, animals and crops. They had to leave their homeland and migrate from farmland to cities to search for jobs. When these people arrived in different cities, they built their shelters with wood and tin. Many of them had to suffer from hunger and poverty.

As investors were not willing to invest anymore, they wanted to increase their cash reserves on hand, so thousands of banks had to shut down.

Three factors played important roles in the recovery process. They abandoned the gold standard, and some countries could increase money supplies by devaluation. The government increased spending on jobs and welfare programs, to stimulate production and infrastructure projects. The U.S. reduced its unemployment rate by increasing military spending before joining WWII.

6. The election and growth of Nazi party in 1930s (1932-1933) (Adrian)
After World War I, Germans lost confidants in their government. So they wanted a new leader. Hitler attracted lots of followers after the beer hall putsch. Although he was arrested, his trial for treason made him a national figure. After Hitler came out of prison, the economy of Germany started to bloom, therefore, less people tend to follow Nazi’s revolutionary thoughts. They could only receive 2% of the vote.

In the early 1930s, the mood in Germany was difficult because of economic depression. Hitler and the Nazi promised the desperate Germans a new Germany, and to pull them out of the depression. They were really good at directing people’s anger towards the Weimar Government. Since then, they obtained nearly 40% of the seats and Nazi became the largest party in the German parliament.

Due to the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923, which was a failure to overthrow the Weimar government, the Nazi Party and many of its members were suspended and bammed. What led to Hitler writing 'Mein Kampf' was the fact that Hitler got arrested, and that his trial after being arrested was highly publicized. Hitler went to trial, but because the judge in charge of his case was a supporter of Nazi beliefs, the trial was highly publicized and was used as propaganda, which led to Hitler and his ideas gaining lots of fame. In the end, Hitler was sentenced to 5 years under the crime of treason, but only served 9 months of those 5 years before he got out. During his times in prison, he wrote 'Mein Kampf', which translates to 'My Struggle'.

In the book, he expressed what he thought was responsible for Germany losing the war, which was due to the Jews and Communists, so he proposed to expand the territory, get rid of other races except for the Master Race, implement Social Darwinism and dictatorship, etc. -- it was kind of like the blueprint or base for the Nazi Party's beliefs and political ideas. 5 million copies were sold, so it used as propaganda.

This was a leading factor causing the rise of Hitler because the ideas that Hitler talked about in Mein Kampf resonated with many German citizens in the anti-Semitic society, and even for the citizens who weren't anti-Semitic, they were highly influenced by those ideas. For example, racism was a big concept. He promoted the idea that Jews were the cause of all Germany's problems, bringing their race to a low level while calling the Germans a superior race. It advocated hatred for the Jews, and that Jews were the ones who should be eliminated for all their problems. Ideas for eliminating communism and democracy were also promoted. Lebensraum, the expansion of German territory for living space was also advocated, and that included getting Russia's land. From this point, they also wanted to dominate and take control of the whole world. 

Therefore, Hitler's words in 'Mein Kampf'  included concepts and theories that resonated with many of the German citizens. This furthermore led to the rise of Hitler, because the Fuhrer principle was talked about as a "solution" for Germany's problems at that time, and it promoted Hitler as the one and only who could lead the German citizens out of their misery.

5. The Great Depression  1929-1932 (Christy)

The Great Depression was a worldwide economic depression that started in the USA, during 1929. It happened when the US Stock Market crashed, and it took a big toll on Germany's economic situation, ultimately becoming a leading factor for Hitler's rise in power. The Great Depression started because people in the US stopped spending as much, which led to manufacturers producing products at a slower rate. Then, the stock market crashed and monetary contractions, as well as banking panics, occurred as well. When the stock market crashed, the US stock market collapsed and had to get the loans back.

This was a big disaster, especially for Germany. This was because Germany had loaned/ borrowed money from US banks to pay for the hefty amount of reparations supported by loans from the USA when Germany didn't have enough money to pay for them. Germany paid 6.6 billion to Britain and France. However, when the Great Depression happened, the US banks needed to get back the loans for their economy to not collapse, which led to many businesses and factories in Germany closing down, and the workers working there became unemployed. As we can see in the unemployment rates graph, during 1923 (the Great Depression), many of the German employments skyrocketed to over 5.5 million when the original rate of employment was only less than 0.5 million people, after steadily increasing from 1928 to 1923. About ⅓ of people were unemployed, and industrial production decreased by 50%.

This led to the rise of Hitler because the president of the Weimar government (Paul von Hindenburg) had to take some emergency measures to avoid riots of the citizens (they were sinking in war debt). Therefore, he decided to create a new type of government. This new government consisted of different cabinets and their leaders, as well as a chancellor position. Hitler seized the chance and took a place in the cabinet as the Nazi Party, and won about eighteen percent, one of the largest cabinets. The Great Depression was an important factor because it led to the big support of the Nazi Party.

6. The election and growth of Nazi part in 1930s (1932-193 

Munich putsch in December 1924 we can clearly see that the most visible result of this collapse was a massive increase in unemployment. One in every three Germans was unemployed by the time Hitler became Chancellor in January 1933, with the total reaching 6.1 million. Over the same time span, industrial production had more than halved.


3:https://www.history.com/topics/germany/beer-hall-putsch
5: https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/great-depression-history 
6:https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-holocaust-and-human-behavior/rise-nazi-party