Through the use of imagery, Ward showcases a harmed and frightful JoJo to display to readers the damage of JoJo's mentality and fear.

Ward exposes JoJo's internal thoughts with diction, highlighting his terror and dread to be being left alone.

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Claim 1: Ward’s realistic and blunt description of Leonie’s features and flaws helps the readers to understand Jojo’s new perspective of who Leonie really is—a drug addict and a negligent mother.

Claim 2: Ward’s aggressive diction demonstrated in Pop’s anger expresses to readers how common Leonie screws up in regards to Jojo, while also conveying Leonie’s unbothered attitude through her “I beg to differ”-like dialogue.

Claim 3: Ward uses a simile that compares Pop’s gentle and compassionate care for Jojo and his wound as similar to that of the tenderness he expresses towards their horses’ hooves.

1. Ward uses sharp imagery when describing Jojo's experience being left home alone, which helps to show the extent to which he was neglected by his mother.

2. Ward parallels Jojo's hurt foot with his factured relationship with his mother, helping sharpen the image of pain and neglect within their relationship.

3. Ward establishes a straight-foward tone when describing Leonie, using words that paint her in a disagreeable light in order to convey Jojo's complex opinion of her.

1. Ward uses indirect characterization when she describes Leonies appearance and mannerisms, proving that she is a careless addict who does not care about Jojo.

2. Wards use of direct dialogue between Leonie and Pop shows the drastic difference in urgency and care when it comes to Jojo.

3. The overwhelming use of visual imagery in this passage when Jojo steps on the jagged lid and is unaware of how he will be healed shows he knows his mother will not be there for him even though it is all he desires.

1. Jojo's point of view serves as a powerful method of conveying the story because it allows the audience to actually read what he feels on the inside.

2. Then, Ward uses uncertain imagery to show the instability and constant mistrust of their relationship.

3. Last, Ward's depiction of Jojo's foot imagery allows the audience to relate his physical pain to his mental pain experienced with his mother.

Jojo struggles to trust Leonie with his care as she has consistently failed him.

Jojo no longer views Leonie as his parental companion, but rather sees Pop as one.

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1. The vivid imagery in the passage conveys how Jojo no longer views Leonie has a mother who cares for her child but as a struggling addict.

2. The select dialogue complements Jojo's view of

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1. The sharp imagery that Ward uses throughout this passage provides insight into how negligent and carefree Leonie is as a mother.

2. Ward uses parallelism between Jojo's physical pain from his injury and the emotional pain inflicted by Leonie to

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• The point of view seen of Jojo being left alone by Leonie provides insight into Jojo's inner thoughts that led to his detachment from considering Leonie his mother.

• The explicit imagery used to describe Leonie leaving Jojo shows the uncertainty he felt when she might have waved to him.

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1. Through her use of sharp imagery, Ward urges the audience to empathize with Jojo and feel Leonie's absence.

2. Ward uses parallelism to relate the physical pain experienced by Jojo and Leonie to the emotional wounds they nurse in their relationship

3. Through her use of an edgy tone, Ward allows the characters to feel the intensity of the characters emotions.

As Leonie backs out of the driveway, leaving Jojo all alone he thinks to himself "You going to leave me here by myself?". But he cant bring himself to speak. Jojo's panic and fear of abandonment lead the reader to believe that this happens often. Leonie does not act as a parental figure towards her children but rather acts like a child herself

When Jojo injures himself with the broken can he calls out but no one comes.

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1. Ward uses unsightly imagery to convey how Jojo now sees Leonie for who she really is rather than his own mother.

2. Through internal diction, Ward shows how Jojo is scared of his mother and how she is leaving him.

3. Ward uses a simile to illustrate how Pop steps in as a parent role for Jojo when he cuts his foot.

As Leonie is leaving, Jojo desperately trying to call out for her, but his sandwhich "lodged on the panic" of his mother leaving.

Furthermore, as Jojo steps on the can, the sharp wording parallel's Leonie's attitudes towards him, and as Pop cares for him, this contrasts the two parenting figures.

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-Ward allows the reader to see into how afraid Jojo was for both himself and his little sister throughout the novel by letting the reader into Jojo's own thoughts as a young boy.

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• Through Jojo's point of view, Ward helps reader get a better understanding of his relationship with his mother by showing how abandoned he feels and how dismissive he feels towards her.

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Ward uses sharp imagery when Jojo recalls his experience getting left home alone to portray the negligent side of Jojo's mother.

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