Ethnicity Q3 2024 by Neil Hussey

Authority.

2024-04-15 13:27:33 UTC

Utilistation of a pattern of proper nouns, such as 'Dr. Geneva Smitherman', (proper noun, title of academic) 'Jesse Jackson' (proper noun, former political figure) and 'Ann Arbor, Michigan (proper noun, location). This reflects the author's well-educated status on the subject at hand, thus encouraging the audience to trust their viewpoint through reinforcement of the author's informed nature, positioning the audience to adopt their pro-AAVE standpoint.

"leave their identity at home"

2024-04-15 13:27:38 UTC

common noun "home" insinuates the idea that black children are taught to believe that their black identity is only appropriate at home in the private sphere, but not in the public sphere (in work or education). This implies that white dominance suppresses the black identity through creating a stigma around AAVE, creating a negative attitude towards typically Black dialects.

"Already knew the SAE version of what she wanted to say and still chose to use her version instead"

2024-04-15 13:28:26 UTC

Adverb - already

Still - premodifier

--> suggests that it is an individual choice to speak ethnic language

wanted - verb

--> Shows a preference towards ethnic language = identity

--> Usually told how to speak - wanted to chose how to talk for themselves

her - determiner

--> feels like she owns the version = identity

--> Separates herself from Standard English Speakers

--> Potentially arguing that her version is more unique and original

"many studies done from the 1970's to the present have classified AAVE as a dialect of English or its own language"

2024-04-15 13:28:42 UTC

'More importantly, it is part of a rich Black culture'

The writer is defending AAVE by explaining its history 'resulting from a combination of English words and Niger-Congo rooted grammar'.

The premodifying adjective 'rich' t describe Black culture suggests it is something to be celebrated, not looked down upon.

For users of AAVE, how often did you have an educator who told you that the way you speak is perfectly fine?

2024-04-15 13:28:54 UTC

-Rhetorical question, implies that there is little or no teachers that support non-standard English

-Overall views this as a negative aspect of teachers and that they have failed the black community or are being discminiatory

-Implies that people who do speak AAVE should have more pride in their dialect despite what other teachers may state

This is how you should speak at home, this is how you speak at school, this is how you speak at work.

2024-04-15 13:28:55 UTC

typed in italics to indicate that they are imitating an educator that is telling you how to speak rather than allowing yourself to create your sense of identity by how you use language.

use of pronoun 'you' - directs to the attention of the question to the reader as it portrays the idea that the reader is being told off for not speaking 'properly'. This also allows the reader to think back to a time that they may have been told off for how they speak in the past.

imperatives - indicate that some believe you don't have the choice on how to speak.

triadic structure - indicates that you should be speak to accommodate the situation in which you need to use language.

"They banned natives tongues, they called them inferior..."

2024-04-15 13:29:24 UTC

The use of the pronoun "they" suggests a division and separation between white and black people. The reader is placed in a power dynamic that implies black language is inferior and white SAE is naturally more powerful and encouraged.

The dynamic verb "banned" suggests that there is hatred and stigma surrounding the "native tongue."

The dynamic verb "called them" implies that white people harassed and humiliated black language.

2024-04-15 13:29:34 UTC

The utilisation of the collective pronoun 'us' depicted in the headline of the article is an attempt of literary positioning as an opening present ion is immediately created. This example of direct address is almost positioning a reader, who will predominantly be compromised of black youths as taken from the 'Black Youth Culture online website, to uphold the same viewpoints as the author them self. Through this portrayal of a sense of community, solidarity is able to be stimulated, allowing for shared thoughts and ideas to be discussed as the article progresses.

"AAVE has its own words, syntax and rules"

2024-04-15 13:30:07 UTC

The utilisation of the declarative presents the statement as factual, as if it is undebatable that AAVE has these features. I conjuction with the triadic structure, the abstract nouns which reflect academic register within 'words, syntax and rules' reinforce the validity and worthyness of the recognition of AAVE.

BLM

2024-04-16 09:12:10 UTC

Written in 2020- the year of the Black Lives Matter movement

"Express a negative in oh-so-chic French is with two negative elements"

2024-04-16 09:14:42 UTC

"oh-so-chic" = premodifier

--> Implies that the language French is seen as very popular and cool to speak

--> Has a hint of sarcasm - priority to the french language over AAVE

'On absolutely no scientific basis, linguistically consistent grammatical features have stigmatised the speakers of Black English as linguistically backward, educated, or unintelligent'

2024-04-16 09:16:12 UTC

Adjective 'stigmatised' presents this stigma as negative.

Additionally, the adjective 'consistent' presents the language in a positive light.

Robert Lowth... Chaucer... Shakespeare...

2024-04-16 09:17:11 UTC

The linguistic pattern of head nouns presents an authority of vice, so the author appears as an educated individual.

"Incorrect belief that Black English was an inferior, uneducated form of English associated with illiteracy, poverty and crime"

2024-04-16 09:19:05 UTC

Inferior + uneducated = premodifier

Illiteracy + poverty + crime = head noun

Shows that Black English is disrespected, and not appreciated

Makes the speakers of Black English seem dangerous

Linguistic pattern of affixation.

2024-04-16 09:19:46 UTC

Utilises a linguistic pattern of affixation, highlighted the seperation of intelligence and the language associated with Black language. The text refers to the users of black language, 'must also logically be uneducated and unintelligent'. The epistemic modal auxiliary verb 'must' presents the authority of voice through its assuredness, with the seperation of language users clearly with the affixation of the prefix of '-un' on the abstract nouns 'educated' and 'intelligent'. Thus, the author presents the viewpoint of anti-Black English prescriptivists as over-the-top, as language being connoted directly with status and standing is far-fetched, thus positioning the audience to distance themselves from such individuals due to these beliefs.

2024-04-16 09:20:17 UTC

A pattern of epistemic modal auxiliary verbs represents how there is a wide belief surrounding the use of double negatives connoting a lack of education. This presents society's conventional viewpoint of a non-standard English evoking unintelligence which the author aims to refute in the article.