Analyzing how power structures influence source availability and narrative bias

Cultural Study

Questioning dominant narratives, stereotypes, and cultural hegemony

IB Courses

Evaluating whose voices are amplified or silenced in TOK, History, or Literature

Career-Related Study

Reflecting on unconscious biases or institutional policies that impact clients or colleagues

Scenario-based ethical dilemmas

Role plays or simulations followed by a group debrief

Case study analysis

Feedback loops (supervisor/client feedback)

Ethical dilemma reflection

Guiding questions: Why did I respond this way?

Creative expression (drawing, poetry)

Critical incident analysis

Silent discussions

adds why and broader contexts like social, ethical, and political.

Describing personal interest in a topic, summarizing sources used

Cultural Study

Reflecting on one's reaction to a cultural artifact or media piece

IB Courses

Noting what was learned in a lesson or assessment, initial reactions to ideas

Career-Related Study

Journaling about a day’s work, team dynamics, or personal performance

Start-Stop-Continue

What worked, what didn’t, debriefs

One-minute reflections

Exit slips with prompts: today I realised… or what surprised me…

Visual timelines

Traffic light self-checks

Reflective artwork

Mood tracking over time

Dialogue journaling with the teacher

Portfolio commentaries

Student-designed reflection prompts

Peer dialogue or mentoring

Exploring how one’s own background influences topic selection and interpretation

Cultural Study

Investigating how one’s identity shapes the perception of different cultures

IB Courses

Considering how personal beliefs influence knowledge construction in TOK or the Sciences

Career-Related Study

Examining how one’s cultural identity and privilege affect interactions and decision-making

Perspective swaps

Peer interviews are designed to explore assumptions/beliefs

Positionality statements

Dialogue journaling with the teacher focused on identity and role

Examines own identity, biases, assumptions; fosters humility.

Critically interrogating the ethics of representation, authorship, and knowledge ownership

Cultural Study

Challenging global inequalities in cultural production and representation

IB Courses

Asking whose knowledge counts, and how curricula might perpetuate colonial or elitist paradigms

Career-Related Study

Committing to anti-oppressive practices and structural transformation in workplace culture

Deeper positionality statements

Historical/contextual analysis

Professional supervision when interrogating systemic issues

Ethical dilemma reflection linked to broader societal issues

Critical incident analysis framed to explore identity, power, and systems