Discussion Board - Unit 2 by Esmeralda MacEdo de Paz https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk Made by my CNS & PNS (lol) en-us 2020-09-29 05:35:09 UTC 2020-09-29 07:35:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9e0.png Two Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786791503 The 2 dudes are
1. Sympathetic Nervous System
       "Fright, Flight, or Fight"
2. Parasympathetic Nervous System
            "Rest & Digest" 
Source: Powerpoints]]> 2020-09-29 05:42:08 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786791503 Neurotransmitters of the Sympathetic Nervous system vs Neurotransmitters of the Parasympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786806530 Lets start with the SNS!!!!!
-ACH ( Acetylcholine-Cholinergic)
  • Released at the ganglia of a presynaptic nerve ending 
-NE (Norepinephrine-Adrenergic)
  • Synthesized from DA, & released at postganglionic nerve ending 
-EPI (Epinephrine- Adrenergic)
  • produced by my adrenal medulla gland
-DA (Dopamine)
  • Precursor to NE
  • Depending on the dose, results may vary on the amount of receptors stimulated
Okay, now lets start with PNS....
-ACH ( Acetylcholine- Cholinergic)
  • Released at the ganglia of a presynaptic nerve ending 
]]> 2020-09-29 05:51:43 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786806530 Receptors of the Sympathetic/ Adrenergic Nervous system esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786828545 1. alpha-1, found on glands, smooth muscle & eyes, plus most arteries & veins.
2. alpha-2, deals with our negative feedback loop & maintain BP.
3. beta-1, Location is the heart <3
4. beta-2, located on smooth muscle, lungs, uterus & skeletal muscle arteries, plus the coronary arteries. ]]> 2020-09-29 06:05:33 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786828545 Receptors of the Parasympathetic/ Cholinergic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786838537 -Muscarinic
  • Located on cardiac, smooth muscle & glands
  • located at postganglionic nerve ending
-Nicotinic (Nn)
  • Located at ganglia of parasympathetic nerve & the sympathetic nerves at the synapse area
-Nicotinic (Nm)
  • located at the somatic, neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle. 
]]> 2020-09-29 06:11:09 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786838537 End Organs Response of the Sympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786850134
  • Adrenal Medulla- release of Epinephrine 
  • Arteries- Vasoconstriction( except coronary arteries & arteries to skeletal muscle)
  • Heart- Increase HR & AV conduction
  • Intestines( Like GI motility & secretions)-Goes down
  • Postganglionic Neurotransmitter-NE released
  • Pupil of the eye- Mydriasis
  • Respiratory Passage( lower part)- Bronchodilation
  • Urinary Bladder- Relaxation
  • Urinary Sphincter -Contraction
    • ]]>     2020-09-29 06:17:45 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786850134     End of Organ Response of the Parasympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786865690
  • Adrenal Medulla- yeah....none 
  • Arteries- Most are not supplied by parasympathetic nerves
  • Heart- HR goes down, & AV conduction, & there is a slight decrease in contractility 
  • Intestines( GI motility & secretions)- Goes up
  • Postganglionic Neurotransmitter- ACH released
  • Pupil of the EYE-Miosis
  • Respiratory passages, lower-Bronchoconstriction
  • Urinary Bladder- Contraction
  • Urinary Sphincter- Relaxation
    • ]]>     2020-09-29 06:26:42 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786865690     Drug Classification of the Sympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786885038 Sympathomimetics: A drug that mimics the sympathetic system (Adrenergic & agonist)
               1. Alpha 1- Adrenergic Agonist MOA: alpha 1 receptors are stimulated, the contraction of smooth muscle, plus blood vessels constricts (causing an increase in BP). Vasoconstriction of nasal passageways leading to a decongestant effect.
              2. Adrenergic Agonist MOA: Stimulates all alpha & beta receptors.
    Sympatholytic: drugs that block & work against the sympathetic system. (adrenergic blocking, blockers, inhibitors, & antagonist)
              A. Alpha 1- Adrenergic blocking drugs MOA: bind to alpha 1 receptors and blocks them. Relaxes smooth muscle, & causes vasodilation, an increase in BP.
              B. Beta 1 Adrenergic Agonist MOA:
                              -A LOW DOSE: stimulates dopaminergic (d-1) receptors in kidneys, causes vasodilation & increases renal blood.
                              -A MODERATE DOSE: stimulates beta-1 receptors on the heart to increase FOC & CO.
                              -A HIGH DOSE: stimulates alpha-1 receptors causing vasodilation to increase BP.
              3. Selective Beta-2  Adrenergic Agonist MOA: stimulates beta 2 receptors. Relaxation of smooth muscle of the lungs causing bronchodilation, and the relation of the uterus too.
              4. Non-Selective Beta- Adrenergic Blocking MOA: blocks beta 1 & beta 2 receptors. To decrease FOC, CO, HR, Conduction, & BP. (Can cause bronchodilation) ]]>     2020-09-29 06:37:01 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786885038     Examples of Drugs: Sympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786936144 Alpha 1 Adrenergic Agonist
    • ephedrine
    • phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrinen®)
    Adrenergic Agonist
    • epinephrine (Adrenaline®)
    Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blocker
    • prazosin (Minipress®)
    • Terazosin (Hytrin®)
    • doxazosin (Cardura®)
    Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonist
    • dobutamine
    Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist
    • formoterol (Foradil®)
    • albuterol (Proventil®/ Ventoline®)
    • terbutaline (Brethine®)
    Beta Blocker Nonselective
    • nadolol (Corgard®)
    • propanol (Inderol®)
    • timolol (Blocadren®)
    Beta Blocker Selective
    • atenolol (Tenormin®)
    • metoprolol (Lopressor®)
    ]]>     2020-09-29 07:02:21 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786936144     Drug Classifications of the Parasympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786975269 Parasympathomimetics: Drugs that mimic the parasympathetic systems (agonists, cholinergics)
              1. Direct- Acting Cholinergic Agonist MOA: Directly stimulate/ bind to the muscarinic receptors in the parasympathetic division and also mimics ACH.
              2. Indirect- acting Cholineregic Agonist MOA: inhibits acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme that destroys ACH in the synapse & also increases ACH levels.
    Parasympatholytics- Drugs that workagaisnt teh parasympathetic division (antagonist &anticholinergics) 
              1. Anticholinergics MOA: bind to cholinergic receptor & act as a blocking drug  & a competitive antagonist. ]]>     2020-09-29 07:22:33 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786975269     Examples of Drugs in the Parasympathetic Nervous System esmeraldamacedodepaz1 https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786991069 Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist
    • acetylecholine
    • pilocarpine (Pilocar®)
    • bethanechol (Urecholine ®)
    Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agents
    • neostigmine (Prostigmin®)
    Anticholinergic
    • atropine
    ]]>     2020-09-29 07:30:43 UTC https://padlet.com/esmeraldamacedodepaz1/clrz7mwabwlzxlvk/wish/786991069