What to study? by Michelle

There are 88 constellations in our sky

MichelleMLC — 2022-05-09 23:27:20 UTC

miranda is the name of one of netpune's moons

2022-05-09 23:27:24 UTC

Ceres is the largest object revolving about the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

2022-05-09 23:28:39 UTC

Polaris

2022-05-09 23:28:58 UTC

is a second magnitude star
Also called the north star
other name Alpha ursa minor

Gaileo did NOT discover the telescope

2022-05-09 23:29:09 UTC

Up and down

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Not absolute up nor down, it would be impossible to say where’s the up and down if you were floating freely in the vacuum of space.

Jupiter's Moons

2022-05-09 23:30:20 UTC

- Callisto has craters
- Io has volcanos
- Ganymede is the largest satellite
- Europa has an icy tundra

2022-05-09 23:31:05 UTC

A planet can get the highest oblateness (can look most drastically "squashed," rather than spherical) if it's gaseous and spins fast, like Saturn.

Reflecting telescopes- uses mirrors not lens

2022-05-09 23:31:15 UTC

KEPLER’S LAWS ARE UNIVERSAL

2022-05-09 23:31:16 UTC

Kepler’s 1^st Law-Planets have elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus.

Kepler’s 2^nddLaw- Planets speed up in their orbits as they approach the sun and slow down as they recede it.

Kepler’s 3^rd Law- The smaller the planet’s orbit, the less time it takes to go around the sun.

Refracting telescopes-bases on lens

2022-05-09 23:31:44 UTC

albedo is a planet's magnitude

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comet

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Kuiper belt” less than 200yrs

Oort Cloud has more than 200yrs

Two characteristics of the terrestrial planets: this planets have solid surfaces and tow of them have moons

2022-05-09 23:32:32 UTC

Uranus

2022-05-09 23:33:06 UTC

First planet to be discovered with the aid of telescope was Uranus.

Cassegrain focus telescope is the most used and preferred

2022-05-09 23:33:56 UTC

Terrestrials

2022-05-09 23:34:16 UTC

Terrestrial planets: small, dense rock/metallic, have a solid surface, a few satellites (if any), and no rings. They’re less than 2 AU from the Sun.

MichelleMLC — 2022-05-09 23:34:16 UTC

Moons can have moons and they are called moonmoons

Atmospheres

2022-05-09 23:34:32 UTC

- Mercury has no atmosphere
- Venus has a thick CO2 atmosphere
- Mars has a thin CO2 atmosphere

On Venus the Sun rises in the west and sets in the east.

2022-05-09 23:34:47 UTC

Mass limit

2022-05-09 23:36:02 UTC

mars might be the only terrestrial planet in our ss to eventually develop a ring system

2022-05-09 23:36:38 UTC

Brawn dwarfs

2022-05-09 23:37:54 UTC

are intermedia objects between planets and stars, they are similar to some of the characteristics of the jovian planet, but they have so much mass that they acquire some of the characteristics of the star as well, they do not produce their own light

Una de las razones por las que los planetas terrestres carecen de un sistema de anillos es because Their VOLUMES OF DESTRUCTION are small and not enough prime material exists around them to form the rings

2022-05-09 23:37:55 UTC

Comets also known as "dirty snowballs"

2022-05-09 23:38:43 UTC

Galileo’s discoveries with the telescope

2022-05-09 23:39:36 UTC

· Discovered Jupiter moons

· Dark spots are detected in the solar surface (co-discovered with Schreiner)

· There are mountains and craters on the moon.

· The phases of Venus (supported Copernicus model)

· He also resolved the Milky Way into stars with a telescope for the first time, confirming that the diffuse MV is not a fluid. (myth was milk from a goddess’s breast)

Properties of telescope

2022-05-09 23:40:01 UTC

· Light-gathering power (LGP)- how much light can collect from a distant source. its advantage is that the image will be brighter and made sharper. Can discover invisible things. If this is good it will improve the other 2

· Angular resolution- Capability to see detail.

· Magnification- can be modified switching eyepieces

Presently in the solar system there's volcanic activity on Earth, Venus and Io

2022-05-09 23:40:33 UTC

Refractors have more limitations than reflectors

2022-05-09 23:40:36 UTC

· Chromatic aberration (different colors of light are reflected by different amounts- they’re not focused at the same point and images look blurry)

· Image distortions due to the lens’ weight

· Image distortion due to air bubbles in the glass

Jovian planets-Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune

2022-05-09 23:40:58 UTC

Types of reflecting telescopes

2022-05-09 23:41:22 UTC

Cassegrain- a hole at the base, image at the bas- Equatorial mouth
-Coudé
-Dobsonian
-Newtonian

Terrestrial planets-Mercury, Venus,earth and mars

2022-05-09 23:41:31 UTC

Rings, ringlets, and Gaps are observed in Saturn’s vast system of rings.

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Reflectors (mirror-based)

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· Shorter frame tubes for their apertures

· More compact design

· Greater apertures (diameters)

· At least two different designs

the moon at one point was though as perfectly spherical without imperfections up until Galileo's discovery

2022-05-09 23:42:33 UTC

NEW GEN TELESCOPES

2022-05-09 23:43:51 UTC

· Large apertures (8m or larger)

· Segmented, thinner, and lighter mirrors made of low thermal expansion glass (like “zerodur”)

· Adaptive optics(deformable mirrors and computer-controlled pistons to reshape them are used to compensate for the turbulence in Earth’s atmosphere).

athmospheric bands

2022-05-09 23:44:50 UTC

Atmospheric bands, generated around the planet as a result of the creation of a cloud (convection), warmer gas is transported to the outer layers, the rotation stretch the cloud

What makes a dwarf planet?

2022-05-09 23:45:55 UTC

1. actual planets that orbit the sun
2. spherical shape
3. their orbits are not clear of debris

Mercury: Its surface resembles that of the Moon!! It shows drastic temperature differences between day and night because it lacks an atmosphere. It has the most eccentric orbit of all the planets of the solar system

2022-05-09 23:46:05 UTC

Kepler and Tycho

2022-05-09 23:46:19 UTC

Johannes Kepler, a theoretician that collaborates with Tycho, after the last dies Kepler realizes from the observations of Brahe that the planets move around the zodiac and that in fact, the planets don’t move in a circle

Tycho Brahe’s extraordinary naked-eye observations relied on the size of his instruments.

Facts about light

2022-05-09 23:47:12 UTC

1) Light travels in straight lines

2) Its speed is not infinitely fast. It travels 300,00 km/s in the vacuum of space (a light beam can go 7.5 times around the earth in one second). The speed of light marks a fundamental physical barrier in our universe (nothing can travel at or faster than the speed of light)

3) Light is created by accelerating electricity charges (electrons, for example). Are there other physical mechanisms to produce light?

4) Unlike sound, does not need a medium to travel through

The transit method

2022-05-09 23:48:58 UTC

how big the planet is, consists in detecting the passage of the planet in front of the luminosity disk of a star. The planet’s size is obtained from the stars light curve, a plot of brightness vs. time.

The radical velocity

2022-05-09 23:49:40 UTC

(Doppler) technique orbital period and how massive the planer is(heavy)- used for the majority of planets discovered before 2014, mass and orbital period are deduced from the velocity curve of the star on the night

Mars was at opposition in 1877 when Schiaparelli reported having seen "canali" on the surface of this planet.

2022-05-09 23:49:56 UTC

N42 Orion's Nebula (Stellar nursery)

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where new stars are being born

Methods combination

2022-05-09 23:51:36 UTC

You can get Density if you use the two previous methods in the same planet, it helps now if the planet if Jovian or terrestrial-mass/volume= density. Terrestrial high density, jovial low density

Michelle is the best astronomy tutor!:)

2022-05-09 23:51:44 UTC

Jupiter’s atmosphere: Atmospheric bands and a Great Red Spot

2022-05-09 23:52:14 UTC

Old main

2022-05-09 23:52:39 UTC

Some students use to enter old main building on UTEP through the windows