https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u Pages 60-70 en-us 2022-02-06 04:45:10 UTC 2025-05-07 02:30:23 UTC hello@padlet.com monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031134603 The behaviorist theory provides no explanation for how novel utterances are generated, regardless of whether they are grammatically correct. Child language experts observe that parents show reinforcement for the meaning of their children's words, not for grammatically correctness.]]> 2022-02-06 05:00:30 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031134603 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135037 2022-02-06 05:01:24 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135037 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135352 "Behaviorism as a major learning theory emphasizing stimulus, response, and reinforcement as the basic elements of learning." (pg. 60)]]> 2022-02-06 05:01:55 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135352 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135575 Chomsky proposed that linguistic knowledge could only be acquired through a biologically based language acquisition device and that infants must come into the world equipped with the "wiring for linguistic analysis."]]> 2022-02-06 05:02:22 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135575 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135612 Using contrastive analysis, two languages can be compared phonologically, morphologically, and syntactically in order to predict difficulty areas in the acquisition of a second language. When both languages have different rules of enunciation and pronunciation, the contrastive analysis predicts difficulties.]]> 2022-02-06 05:02:28 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031135612 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136612 The traditional sequence for first language acquisition is for students to first learn to listen, speak, then read and write.]]> 2022-02-06 05:05:14 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136612 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136814 insert info from the chapter here]]> 2022-02-06 05:05:36 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136814 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136862 The speech produced by English language learners is also considered an important variable in the language acquisition process, in addition to social interaction.]]> 2022-02-06 05:05:44 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136862 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136933 2022-02-06 05:05:54 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136933 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136992 2022-02-06 05:06:03 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031136992 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137030 insert links to visuals that help your understanding]]> 2022-02-06 05:06:11 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137030 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137123 2022-02-06 05:06:25 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137123 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137242 2022-02-06 05:06:45 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137242 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137323 "Children construct grammar through a process of hypothesis testing... Thus, children create sentences by using rules rather than by merely repeating messages they have heard, as assumed by behaviorists." (pg. 61)]]> 2022-02-06 05:06:58 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137323 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137402 "Caregivers play a critical role in adjusting language to facilitate the use of innate capacities for language acquisition. This view contrasts sharply with the innatist perspective that adapting language has little effect on a child's acquisition process." (pg. 62) 
"The interactions perspective acknowledges the important roles of both the child and the social environment in the language acquisition process." (pg. 63)]]> 2022-02-06 05:07:08 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137402 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137469 "The audiolingual method is a process involved in second or foreign language learning consisted of imitation, repetition, and reinforcement of grammatical structures. Errors were to be corrected immediately to avoid forming bad habits that would be difficult to overcome later." (pg. 65)]]> 2022-02-06 05:07:17 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137469 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137544 "Krashen asserts that there is a distinct difference between acquiring and learning a second language. He defines acquisition as a natural process that occurs when the target language is used in meaningful interactions with native speakers." "Krashen claims (1) that learning cannot turn into acquisition and (2) that it is only acquired language that is available for natural, fluent communication." (pg. 66)]]> 2022-02-06 05:07:29 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137544 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137622 "English language learners creatively construct the rules of the second language in manner similar to that observed in first language acquisition. Dulay and Burt therefore concluded that second language acquisition is similar, though not identical, to first language acquisition." (pg. 66)]]> 2022-02-06 05:07:41 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137622 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137685 "Interactionist view the communicative give-and-take of natural conversations between native and non-native speakers as the crucial element of the language acquisition process. They focus on the ways in which native speakers modify their speech to try and make themselves understood be English-learning conversational partners." (pg. 68)]]> 2022-02-06 05:07:51 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2031137685 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044954725 2022-02-13 20:57:33 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044954725 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044955680 Mothers use conversational scaffolding with their toddlers. Using scaffolding to communicate and provide linguistic input, the child is supported to communicate according to his or her own interests and language abilities.]]> 2022-02-13 20:58:23 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044955680 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044994642 2022-02-13 21:51:54 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044994642 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995006 2022-02-13 21:52:32 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995006 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995287 2022-02-13 21:53:00 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995287 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995481 2022-02-13 21:53:19 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995481 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995834 2022-02-13 21:53:40 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044995834 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996045 insert info from the chapter here]]> 2022-02-13 21:54:03 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996045 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996246 insert info from the chapter here]]> 2022-02-13 21:54:21 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996246 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996336 insert info from the chapter here]]> 2022-02-13 21:54:30 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996336 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996537 insert info from the chapter here]]> 2022-02-13 21:54:50 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044996537 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999226 "Krashen proposes that the formal study of language leads to the development of an internal grammar editor or monitor. As the student produces sentences, the monitor "watches" the output to ensure correct usage." (pg. 66)]]> 2022-02-13 21:58:08 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999226 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999296 "language learners acquire (rather than learn) the rules of language in a predictable sequence. That is, certain grammatical features, or morphemes tend to be acquired early, whereas others tend to be acquired late." (pg. 67)]]> 2022-02-13 21:58:16 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999296 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999375 "second language acquisition is the direct result of learners' understanding the target language in natural communication situations. In other words, comprehensible input is the causative variable in language acquisition... Krashen suggests that acquirers are able to understand this challenging level of input by using context, background knowledge, and non-linguistic cues such as gestures and pictures." (pg. 67)]]> 2022-02-13 21:58:25 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999375 monica_rosa83 https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999483 "Krashen concludes that the most important affective variables favoring second language acquisition are a low-anxiety learning environment, student motivation to learn the language, self-confidence, and self-esteem... Krashen urges teachers not to force production, but rather to allow students a silent period during which they can acquire some language knowledge by listening and understanding, as opposed to learning it through meaningless rote drills." (pg. 68)]]> 2022-02-13 21:58:34 UTC https://padlet.com/monica_rosa83/ckxljjaj7t236x6u/wish/2044999483