Modernization and Change
- In the book it’s mentioned how Barranco and chorrillos was considered a “holiday resort for the city’s elites”. How come chorrillos has stayed behind Miraflores when it comes to modernization, considering its poorer aspects?

Local Sources and Foreign Travelers
- I wonder the different perspectives of Peru and more specifically Lima of all the different famous figures and those of the “lesser known travelers” who stayed longer 

The Pre-history of Lima
- If Lima is so westernized, how come it hasn’t lost its pre-Hispanic culture after so many years?

Pachacamac
- How has the figure or picture of the “señor Puruchuco” remained relevant in Peruvian culture if the Incan religion ultimately took over?

The Art of Chancay
- Does the art of Chancay still exist (people still use this form of communication)? If not, has modernization over the years changed the peoples point of view of life?

The Monument to Pizarro
- How have Peruvians of Andean origin responded to the statue of Fransisco Pizzaro? Which is most socially important, displaying a monument of a historic figure or taking into consideration the feelings it may bring upon current residents?

The Historic Center
- I've seen/heard of other situations around the world that tourism has negatively affected certain cities (e.x., after the olimpics), how has tourism affected Lima?

Pizarro’s Draughtboard
- In what other daily life aspects does the European aspects stand out? In other words, what about European culture has remained relevant in Peru's culture?

The Plaza Mayor
- La plaza mayor has various representations to local Peruvians. The book also mentions that el cambio de guardias is more of an enigmatic experience rather than an attempt to "foil assasins". With that said, symbolism appears to be very important in Peruvian culture.

Place of Pageantry
- The book says municipal elections were postponed so they would not conflict with the festivities. Given modernization and changes in Peru, has the importance of festivities remained the same or changed over time?

The Cerro San Cristobal
- Why is it important to keep the symbol of vulnerability (the cross on the cerro's summit)? Wouldn't Peru want to symbolize how much stronger they've gotten since those days?

El Cercado
- Although the Jesuits were indoctrinating the natives of El Cercado, do the religious beliefs of this population still remain? Also, what population did El Cercado consist of?

Colonial Houses
- Over the years, why hasn't Peru attempted to rebuild houses with the original design (as wealthier houses have kept them) rather than the European designs left behind?

Encomenderos, Bureaucrats and Merchants
- What has remained in their power from the monopoly Lima's merchants had?

A City of Churches
- Considering Jesuits indoctrinated the natives of el Cercado and basically enforced their culture here, i'm assuming they weren't accepted. However, the book also mentions they were the wealthiest and funded churches, schools, hospitals,  and orphanages. At this point, were they more accepted because of these actions?

Limenan Piety
- I found it interesting that religious life and nunnery was found to be a part of social prestige. It's also important to note this was found as a way out of male dominance in a culture where male's dominance (machismo) is very prevalent.

The Cloisters as Battleground: Creoles Versus Peninsulars
- It is evident there is a lot of violence in Peruvian history (as any other as well). However, in situations like the one where the priest was beaten and dragged around the streets, are there any consequences for those actions and justice for innocent people lost? If not, this makes it unsafe for anyone and might cause fear amongst the public thus creating more chaos.

Emergency of a Creole Consciousness
- Immigration is a very controversial topic worldwide. I like the suggestion of allowing families who are "committed to establishing themselves in the colony.. and to build their future there" as this shows they have a personal stake in the long-term well-being of Peru.

The Museum of the Inquisition
- It's interesting to see the comparison between the U.S. and how Peru use religion in law. In the U.S. we have a separation of church and state (at least try to..) but here, life revolved around religion and anything opposing Catholic orthodoxy was perceived as a threat.

The Santuario de Santa Rosa
- Considering how daily life revolves around religion, how are atheists perceived? or even people from other religions (ones that are very different)?

The Church of Las Nazarenas and El Senor de los Milagros
- Since there was the belief that earthquakes were a punishment from god's wrath, what was thought of places where there were no earthquakes at all?

Afro-Peruvians
- Considering how much discrimination there has been with African slaves, what - if any, has been done by the country to attempt to make amends?

The African Heritage: the Marinera
- How much push-back did the movement in 1950 receive in attempts to recognize Blacks' contribution to Peruvian culture?

Rimac
- If Peru is proud of it's culture and history, why not help make Rimac a better place? (not insinuating it's easy but considering it's not the first place read that once was high-end/wealthier and has not turned into a slum)

The River, the Bridge and the Promenade
- I like that Granda acknowledges in the song the Peruvian culture coming from the Black populations that come from "slum areas like those of Rimac" considering to others it may not be as accepted.

Colonial Literature
- Does the general public agree with Caviedes and also see doctors as frauds? I know this may be seen in multiple countries where money is involved and corrupt doctors seek to charge higher bills even when not necessary.

The Cementario General
- Why was Matrías Maestro considered a controversial figure in the history of the city's public art?

The Amantes del País
- Why were Limas's Creoles not favoring the separation from Spain? I understand certain attachment but I'm sure there might have also been a sense of independence at some point (oftentimes independence may be sought because of greed)

Monuments to the Heroes of Independence
- The poem by Antonio Cisneros' talks about the corruption in politics when it says "the country's rulers have never hesitated to manipulate the values they profess to revere". Have their been any protests or movements to change this?

Monuments to the Heroes of Later Conflicts
- I find it a little funny that there's a monument to "boost Peru's self-esteem". If they commemorate conflicts won, do they also do this to the ones lost?

Panco Fierro: Scenes of Everyday Life
- I know there are still areas and houses in Lima that do not have running water (bare necessities). How has this not been changed during the stable periods where Peru has been stabilizing its economy and political life?

Desamparados Station
- It's very sad to see how even through attempts of getting better (building railroad through Mollendo, Arequipa, Puno and Cuzco) led to bankruptcy and caused the opposite effect for years.

The Guano Republic
- Following what I said for the previous section ^, it's saddening to see the greed the elites had to profit off of the guano boom rather than using it as a "springboard for development".

The Teatro Segura
- I'm surprised to learn that Peru hasn't had much success in theatres considering how it's culture heavily relies on the arts.

The National Library and Ricardo Palma
- If the most important holding of the present building of the national library is the collection of manuscripts dating back to the 16th century, what are they about?

The Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes
- What was Szyszlo's goal when taking Peruvian art out of its provincialism into the western mainstream?

The Casa Courret: European Influences
- There are multiple aspects of Peruvian lifestyle and culture that has a European influence to it as well as other countries, is there a country that doesn't?

The Palais Concert
- The books speaks about a boy being ashamed because of his cholo features because he is made fun of by the upper-classes. Besides wealth and higher education (which the government was trying to prevent), what else was a barrier at this time?

The Barrio Chino: Asian Immigrants
- We read a lot about the influence Black people had in Peruvian culture. Besides the food, was there anything else in the culture influenced by Asian immigrants?

The Casona de San Marcos
- What did the shining path activists believe in? And how was it so bad that the military had to dislodge them?

La Colmena and the Plaza San Martin
- Plaza San Martin is near other neighborhoods that are known to be relatively dangerous, is it still host to the elites and famous travelers who arrive to Lima?

The Teatro Colon and Peruvian Cinema
- Once again, I wonder why Peru hasn't been able to compete worldwide in cinema considering it's big on the arts.

The Club Nacional: Meeting-place of the Elite
- It's interesting to see how social clubs used to be where political decisions were made (perhaps because of the barriers and how the rich were the ones in power to make political decisions).

Turn-of-the-Century Writers
-  My section :)

The Canción Criolla
- My section :)

The Parque de la Exposición
- Was a greener city considered better back then when they used to attract foreign investors? It's interesting to see how it's changed and now it's skyscrapers calling more attention worldwide.

The Estadio Nacional
- Football is a very popular sport in many hispanic countries. How valuable is it to the Peruvian culture though? (especially considering there is a national stadium)

Paseo Colon
- Were there any oppositions to the demolishment of the city's wall in 1870? if so, why?

The Monument to Manco Capac
- The book mentions the statue of the first Inca was put up acknowledging Peru's indigenous heritage. This was an initiative of the Japanese community reflecting the "belief" that the ancient Peruvians were of Asian origin. Is this still a "belief" or a known fact?

The Casa del Pueblo
- What changed in the way APRA was perceived? What was the worse thing or movement it had?

The Grand Boulevards
- Many roads were built to help get from one place to another now that there was an expansion and people were spreading out. However, are there plans to make public transportation more accessible like trains within and from city to city?

Avenida Arequipa
- Were there any people who actually agreed with former president Augusto B. Lenguía and his controversial views? (Especially considering he was very hated)

Petroperu
- I heard there was recently an oil spill (maybe like 2 months ago). Considering this is big for Peru's economy, what consequences can negligences like this cause?

San Isidro
- I like how San Isidro has been able to keep both a dynamic and vibrant district while also being modern and elegant in its own way. I feel like many places begin to become more modern and forget to keep it's culture.

Pueblo Libre and Surco
- During its expansion, did Pueblo Libre become gentrified or overcrowded with time?

Callao
- I have family in Callao and I always thought it was a part of Lima, I'm surprised to find out it's actually not!

Sarita Colonia: Folk Saint
- Since church and religion is big in Peru and the folk saint Sarita Colonia is frowned upon by the church, what do people think of this?

Miraflores
- If Miraflores is where the indoctrination of the Indians took place, are there any hard feelings of this place or do people overlook its past because of its current beauty?

The Costa Verde
- During the late colonial period holidays were celebrated by the sea by Lima's elites. I also know Peruvian food is based heavily on seafood. Besides its proximity to the sea, is there a special reason why the sea is very important to its culture?

Limeñan Cuisine
- Are there other countries whose cuisine is just as diverse as Perus?

Squatter Settlements
- It's intersting how many migrants came to Peru looking for jobs considering it didn't have many available and in fact caused it to slow down it's modernization.

The Other Path
- It is amazing how through the lack of resources and in poverty, there has been an effectiveness of community values seen in society by the people finding a way to survive and earn money.

Huaynos and Chicha
- It's interesting to see how music has changed over the years but still remains apart of the culture throughout.

Literature since 1940
-Oftentimes the art we hear most of are from elites. However, why has the literature from writers of lower-class backgrounds been the most significant?

The Future
-  I wonder if local Peruvians in lower classes would rather stay in Peru to help build it into a better more modern country or opt to migrate to another country (in Europe or U.S.)

Did Shining Path receive support from native groups that fueled the perception of those in power that “Shining Path was an essentially Andean movement”? Or, was it just another projection that for the European settlers indigenous populations were always associated with the enemy? (page 46)

Is zamacueca still a popular dance in Peru or has it made way for other traditions or dance practices? (page 82)

Was it Creole leaders or members of the Spanish crown that constituted the ‘colonial authorities’ who attempted to ban the saya y manto? (page 87)

What racial/ethnic/socioeconomic backgrounds did Rossi, Unánue, and the others heavily involved with Mercurio have? It seems as if their ideas and writing were taken relatively seriously based on their ability to define the border of Peru as a nation. (page 98) 

Were El Sargento Canuto and other plays that similarly criticized Peruvian authority/government able to be performed publicly? (page 117-118)

Did the growth in popularity of the canción criolla lead directly to the introduction of social criticism in its lyrics? The growth of more educated musicians producing this music? (page 157)

Submission: 

   1. You will submit at least 2 questions about the chapters of the book that you are not leading, before the lead discussion. Find your name and write your questions under it. Write the topic and then add the questions.

Pachacámac 

o   How did the crown slowly establish its authority over Peru despite the fact that it relied on conquistadores to bring in and consolidate new territories? How did the crown’s consolidation of authority in Peru influence the colonial nation’s economic growth?

·       Painful Independence

o   After having fought numerous wars and undergoing numerous insurgencies to topple autocratic powers, why were the people of Peru always so willing to hand it back to some oligarchic or dictatorial regime?

·       Modernization and Change

o   How come during the construction and expansion of Lima, Paris was looked at as a model for city design as opposed to other cities of the era?

·       Local Sources and Foreign Travelers

o   What was it about Lima that drew many foreign travelers, both famous and unknown?

·       The Pre-history of Lima

o   How come before the arrival of the Spaniards, the power and culture of what is modern-day Peru were centered up in the highlands and Andes as opposed to coast, a likely great source of resources?

·       Pachacamac

o   What were typical offering made by the indigenous peoples of Peru to Pachacamac?

·       The Art of Chancay

o   How did the people who inhabited Peru before the arrival of the Europeans communicate with each other, if there is no evidence of a written language from back then?

·       The Monument to Pizarro

o   Why were many statues of colonial elites and conquistadors built many centuries after their deaths, and what was the general public’s response to the commissioning of these statues?

·       The Historic Center

o   Why was Lima officially known as the “City of the Kings”, and how did that title come to become corrupted over the years?

·       Pizarro’s Draughtboard

o   How was Lima originally conceived to be designed and built, and how did that design change over the years?

·       The Plaza Mayor

o   Why was there a coup in 1541 in which Diego Almagro overthrew and assassinated Pizarro? How did this single action influence many future historical events down the line?

·       Place of Pageantry

o   Could the lavishness of the festivals held in the Plaza Mayor been a contributing factor to Peru’s economic woes during its existence?

·       The Cerro San Cristobal

o   Does the description of Lima in 1963 by James Morrison in his writing Cities match what Lima is currently like today? Has much changed or are things generally the same?

·       El Cercado

o   How was El Cercado different from other reducciones of the time, and what, in general, were the point of such reducciones?

·       Colonial Houses

o   How did Spanish colonists originally design their houses, and what were the shortcoming of these designs to the Peruvian environment? How did these original designs evolve?

·       Encomenderos, Bureaucrats and Merchants

o   What eventually happened to the encomenderos and their estates and wealth as the colonial era for Peru was coming to a close?

·       A City of Churches

o   How did Lima’s mineral-based and export-focused economy influence the artwork and décor of its churches?

·       Limenan Piety

o   How come the author believes that Peru was not a truly pious society despite the fact that nearly 1 in 10 people committed their entire lives to the church?

·       The Cloisters as Battleground: Creoles Versus Peninsulars

o   How did Spain attempt to cling onto its diminishing power in the Peruvian Church, and how were such attempts viewed by the locals?

·       Emergency of a Creole Consciousness

o   What abuses and discriminations were the Creoles subjected to under Spanish colonial rule?

·       The Museum of the Inquisition

o   Did the Lima Inquisition successfully achieve its goals, or did it rather stoke resentment among religious minorities and force them to go into hiding?

·       The Santuario de Santa Rosa

o   Who was Santa Rosa and why was she canonized? Moreover, why was she chosen to be America’s first saint in such a speedy fashion?

·       The Church of Las Nazarenas and El Senor de los Milagros

o   In what ways did the religious beliefs of the colonists and the indigenous peoples line up?

·       Afro-Peruvians

o   How did the government in Peru enforce and maintain the hierarchal racial and socio-economic order in Peruvian society?

·       The African Heritage: the Marinera

o   What aspects of other cultures and traditions did Afro-Peruvians incorporate into their own dances, literature, art, etc.?

·       Rimac

o   What aspects of European culture and history were emulated in the design and architecture of Lima?

·       The River, the Bridge and the Promenade

o   How have Peruvians used song to discuss and highlight their unique heritages, culture and pasts? Are the depictions made in such songs always accurate?

·       Colonial Literature

o   Was writing and literature always as assessable as it is today in Peru? Who originally had the most access to it, and how did the literacy rate of the population change over Peru’s history?

·       The Cementario General

o   Even when it came to cemeteries, how did powerful aspects of Peruvian society compete with each other and sought to demonstrate power and control?

·       The Amantes del País

o   In their journal Mercurio Peruano, what did the authors tend to write about? Was it typically only about one topic, or was it rather on a variety of thing?

·       Monuments to the Heroes of Independence

o   I think it’s interesting that none of the people that are celebrated in Lima’s main monuments are actually from Peru. There are people of the likes of Simon Bolivar and San Martin, but nobody from Peru itself. Were there no local leaders that fought for rebellion against Spain?

·       Monuments to the Heroes of Later Conflicts

o   How was Peru affected by the war with Chile on a societal, economic, and political level?

·       Panco Fierro: Scenes of Everyday Life

o   What types of paintings did Panco Fierra make? How were his painting received by the general public? Did people like them or hate them?

·       Desamparados Station

o   How did Peru work to expand its railway network across the country, and what were some pitfalls that occurred during the expansion?

·       The Guano Republic

o   How has the railroad system in Peru improved in the modern day?

·       The Teatro Segura

o   How did Segura’s plays lead to social change in Peru?

·       The National Library and Ricardo Palma

o   How has the national library grown in the present day?

·       The Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes

o   What important historical pieces are housed in Peruvian art museums?

·       The Casa Courret: European Influences

o   This section details European architectural influence on Lima. What elements of traditional Peruvian architecture can be seen on modern buildings?

·       The Palais Concert

o   How was the Palais Concert a demonstration of elitism in Lima?

·       The Barrio Chino: Asian Immigrants

o   What events occurred that lead to the integration of Asian culture in Limenan society?

·       The Casona de San Marcos

o   How does the Casona support current social justice endeavors in Lima?

·       La Colmena and the Plaza San Martin

o   How have La Colmena and the Plaza San Martin influence Limenan identity in the modern day?

·       The Teatro Colon and Peruvian Cinema

o   How has the Peruvian movie culture evolved in the modern day?

·       The Club Nacional: Meeting-place of the Elite

o   How did Bondoy’s essay spark change in the Peruvian oligarchy?

·       Turn-of-the-Century Writers

o   How did the rise of Turn-of-the-Century Writers spark political and socieoeconomic change?

·       The Canción Criolla

o   How has the Cancion Criolla changed to better adopt increased meshing of cultures in the modern day?

·       The Parque de la Exposición

o   Have more Parques been created to boost social behavior in Lima?

·       The Estadio Nacional

o   How did the increase in popularity of football/soccer in Lima compare to that in other South American countries?

·       Paseo Colon

o   Did the destruction of the city wall increase urbanization in Lima?

·       The Monument to Manco Capac

o   How has prejudice shifted from the erection of the Monument to Manco Capac to now? 

·       The Casa del Pueblo

o   What political parties, other than APRA and the club nacional, are prominent in Lima and Peru?

·       The Grand Boulevards

o   Besides transport, what other businesses and purposes did the Grand Boulevards serve?

·       Avenida Arequipa

o   How did Leguia’s policies and ideas impact the growing migration and job loss in Lima?

·       Petroperu

o   How does the change in government align with the rapid urbanization and expansion of Lima?

·       San Isidro

o   Are there other ruins in San Isidro besides Huaca Huallamarka? 

·       Pueblo Libre and Surco Callao

o   Where are religious influences seen in Pueblo Libre and Surco 🤬?

·       Sarita Colonia: Folk Saint

o   How has Sarita Colonia influenced religion in areas outside of Lima?

·       Miraflores

o   How has Miraflores’s village past culturally impacted the neighborhood it is today?

·       The Costa Verde

o   How has climate change impacted the barrancos, and what do the futures of the barrancos hold?

·       Limeñan Cuisine

o   How does Limeñan cuisine differ from that of the surrounding provinces? 

·       Squatter Settlements

o   How has the culture within squatter settlements changed since the 1940s?

·       The Other Path

o   How has street trading influenced street vendor business in modern-day Lima?

·       Huaynos and Chicha

o   Higgins claims that Lima is a city culturally divided by music. Modern music has recently become more globalized and streamlines across cultures. How has this modernization impacted the diversity in music preferences?

⁃ Was Almagro executed by Pizarro or by someone else after the battle at Las Salinas in 1537?

Painful Independence

⁃ Did Bolívar and San Martín want to take Peru for themselves or simply to overthrow the Spanish?

Modernization and Change

⁃ Were the only group who wanted to modernize Peru the civilistas or were there more?

Local Sources and Foreign Travellers

⁃ are the works mentioned in this section used to study the history of Lima and Peru?

Pre-History of Lima

⁃ So Lima is slightly similar to Boston, however their history predates Boston’s by a lot?

⁃ Is the Huaca Pucllana mentioned in this section the same one we will be eating at?

Pachacámac

⁃ they have said “administrative centers” as a purpose for a few of the pyramids and former pre-Spanish buildings. What does this mean? What would their function have been?

The Art of Chancay

⁃ If these ceramics and textiles were considered to have prestige would they be restricted to certain groups?

Monument to Pizarro

⁃ has the monument been moved to the site behind the church?

Plaza Mayor

⁃ Why did Vaca de Castro deem the original cathedral unworthy?

Place of Pageantry

⁃ Was Peru seen as closely connected with Spain? I feel like for the English colonies a festival of 4 months would not happen for a birth of a prince

⁃ What was the significance of paving the streets with silver?

Cerro San Cristóbal

⁃ where did Lima’s black population originate? Were they Spanish slaves? Were they free?

El Cercado

⁃ How did reducciones function and how were they used to indoctrinate the natives?

Colonial Houses

⁃ what is an indoor patio?

Encomenderos, Bureaucrats, and Merchants

⁃ What were encomiendas used for? Who gave them out?

City of Churches

⁃ When did the monastery come about? What was its function within society?

⁃ Was there separation of church and state? Is there today?

Limeñan Piety

⁃ Did the Spanish convert many natives to Catholicism? Were most Catholics immigrants to Peru?

The Cloisters as Battleground: Creoles v Peninsulars

⁃ Did the alternativa ever get implemented?

Emergence of a Creole Consciousness

⁃ Are Creoles native Peruvians or are they Europeans that interbred with natives?

Museum of the Inquisition

⁃ What were considered offenses against the Catholic faith and what distinguished offenses punishable by hanging from smaller offenses?

Santuario de Santa Rosa

⁃ What makes a Saint? Were the 5 from Lima a high number?

The Church of Las Nazarenas

⁃ How did this cult gain following and wind up being taken over by creoles?

The African Heritage: the Marinera

⁃ Does this dance still have cultural significance today?

Rímac

⁃ When did the excursion to Amancaes begin? Was it of cultural significance to the native population?

The River, the bridge and the promenade

⁃ Why were Andeans migrating to the city at this time?

Colonial Literature

⁃ How did individuals learn to read and write in that time? Was it a necessity?

The Cementario General

⁃ Did the style of the cemetery reflect the religious sentiments of the time? What does neoclassical entail?

The Amantes del País

⁃ how were mercurios distributed? Who got them? Could everybody read them?

Monuments to the Heroes of Independence

⁃ Were normal individuals rather than generals or those in higher roles ever commemorated?

Monuments to the Heroes of Later Conflicts

⁃ Is there any standing conflict between Chile and Peru, similar to the US and Russia?

Panco Fierro: Scenes of Everyday Life-

⁃ Can the development of Peru as a nation be seen in the art of given time periods?

Desamparados Station

⁃ Why was Paris in France taken as inspiration? Why not a city in England or Spain?

The Guano Republic

⁃ how did the book affect the country as a whole? What happened to the country after the boom?

The Teatro Segura

⁃ Are Segura’s plays still performed? What is the popularity as compared to Shakespeare or other famous writers?

The National Library and Ricardo Palma

⁃ how widespread was Palma’s work? Did this reach Andean regions or was it more local to Lima?

The Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes

⁃ Did Peruvian art draw influence from European styles? Was there any style developed that was specific to Peru?

The Casa Courret: European Influences

⁃ What was the significance of Italians in Peru and what kind of influence did they have?

The Palaus Concert

⁃ when did education become more accessible to lower class individuals?

The Barrio Chino: Asian Immigrants

⁃ Is there still discrimination against these groups? Is it similar to what we see in the US or how does it compare?

The Casona de San Marcos

⁃ what is the significance of a degree in Peru as compared to in the US?

La Colmena and the Plaza de San Martin

⁃ what led to the struggle of Hotel Bolivar?

The Teatro Colon and Peruvian Cinema

⁃ What is Peruvian cinema like? Are there any recent notable films?

The Club Nacional: meeting place of the elite

⁃ How possible was it to make your way up in the ranks, or was it mainly held by the same groups?

Turn of the Century writers

⁃ What were other styles of writing like other than poetry? Were they popular?

The Canción Criolla

⁃ What led to the decline of popularity of this style of music after 1970?

The Parque de la Exposición

⁃ What is the significance of parks like this one? Are there lots of spaces like this in Lima?

The Estadio Nacional

⁃ What was the significance of football as a way of uniting those of different classes? Was football a way to do this?

Paseo Colon

⁃ is there any pushback to Columbus as there is in other parts of the world (like the US)?

The Monument to Manco Capac

⁃ Are the Andean and costal cultures still largely separate or are they integrated into each other?

The Casa del Pueblo

⁃ is APRA still around today, if not what caused it’s downfall?

The grand boulevards

⁃ did the expansion of Lima’s roads help lead to the further development of the city? How might this have had negative impacts?

Avenida Arequipa

⁃ What are the thoughts of current Limeñans on Leguia? Is he remembered positively or negatively?

Petroperu

⁃ Have worker protection laws been brought back?

San Isidro

⁃ Is this district still home to people or is this mainly a financial district?

Pueblo Libre and Surco

⁃ What does the celebration of the remaining vineyards consist of?

Callao

⁃ Why is Callao separate from Lima? Do Callao and Lima have any influences on each other due to proximity?

Sarita Colonia: Folk Saint

⁃ As patron Saint of the poor, how do the upper class view Sarita Colonia?

Miraflores

⁃ how did the rapid modernization of Miraflores affect the population? How does tourism affect the population?

La Costa Verde

⁃ Why has the water in the Costa Verde more recently become polluted? Is there anything being done to combat this?

Limeñean Cuisine

⁃ Why is Peru the foodie destination of South America? Is it for the traditional Peruvian cuisine or for the mixture of food and cultures in more urban areas?

Squatter Settlements

⁃ How do those in squatter settlements within the city live? Are there motivations for coming to Lima to make a better life for themself?

The Other Path

⁃ How common is street selling? Are there any other jobs for those of lower-class? Is anything done to help these individuals?

Huaynos and Chicha

⁃ Were Andean culture and music widely accepted when migrating to urban areas?

Literature Since 1940

⁃ Poetry is very popular in Peru, does this influence spread to other countries?

The Future

⁃ Will Lima continue to grow and modernize? How will this affect local populations? Will tourism increase