Gt Notes by Preston Payton

Gt Notes by Preston Payton https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf Liberté! Egalité! Fraternité! en-us 2020-08-19 16:00:03 UTC 2025-11-20 14:42:16 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f990.png Period 0 (8000 BCE-600 CE) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687468567 Years that are testable and aren't large content but are necessary to understand the history past it
Gatherers become sedentary, evolving into either sedietary or nomads. (different branches of living in farming, ranching and village life as the planet warms up.) The first times new technology begins and humanity becomes more organized and matures into the main civilization (greece, rome, china, india) and grow into empires and the birth of most modern religion. Real migration and trade routes.]]> 2020-08-19 16:01:18 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687468567 Time period preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687486648 BCE/CE- common era
BC/AD- before christ/after death
both acceptable]]> 2020-08-19 16:07:04 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687486648 Patterns of development preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687502760 Conquering and controlling other people.]]> 2020-08-19 16:12:00 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687502760 Period 1 Post Classical Era (600 CE-1450 CE) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687510779 Beginnings of islam and middle eastern groups and the rise of russian groups. New americans isolated from the rest of the world in the aztec and other empires. The eastern and middle world growths and religion becomes pivot points. China and japanese high point creating most of Eurasian innovation as western europe falls.

]]> 2020-08-19 16:14:24 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687510779 Period 2 Early Modern Era (1450 CE-1750 CE) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687527379 Scientific revolution, colonization and the americas connection to the outer world in conquest. Global trading routes and the triangle trade begins. Asian Gunpowder Empires such as the ottoman empire and new military technology. After genius Japan and China miss out of the global expansion and stay self focused and shut off. Japan has self infliction and conflict and europe strives the control the western worlds.]]> 2020-08-19 16:19:27 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687527379 Period 3 Modern Era (1750 CE-1900 CE) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687539268 Fall semester with enlightenment and revolution.]]> 2020-08-19 16:23:07 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687539268 Period 4 Contemporary World (1900 CE - 2020 CE) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687546801 2020-08-19 16:25:32 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687546801 SPICE organization preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687552809 S-social, organization, family, norms, language etc
P-political, governance, warfare, diplomancy
I-interaction with environment,
C-culture, think, made, create, technology
E-economic, systems, trade, exchange]]> 2020-08-19 16:27:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/687552809 Baroque Art Aug 24 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/694978177 Absolutism moves into baroque, beginning in the reformation it is more made for the religion control and aspects. The catholic church saw the christian division created emotional art. Displayed power of the monarch and divine rule. ALso begins the rise of many kings see the catholics doing this, they try to utilize it for political gain transforming into political art globally with art and architecture.
Beginning of larger inspiring art pieces, taking walls and ceilings commissioned by royal courts of france and spain. More emotionalism and exaggerated realism as the majority of the uneducated were targeted and systematic religious ideals. As baroque was originally too much and negative to describe overly dramatic in real time. Back tot he building it was wanted to be seen not a build but given and found less a construction effort.]]> 2020-08-24 15:56:48 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/694978177 OPTIC preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/695098132 O-overview of this image
P-parts and important details of the piece that hint to motives and explanation
T-title and text of the art that may explain or connect the era and its representation
I-interrelationships in the image or the connection of parts, text, the title for a mood or conveyed argument.
C-conclusion about the piece artist concept or era as a whole and ideas it represents.]]> 2020-08-24 16:28:02 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/695098132 Optic runs preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/695119070 Louis XIV
o-portrait of his position
p- purple and red contrast with him and his throne and items
T- just his name, symbolizing power
I- the elements of flexing is wealth C- wow rich but still a person]]> 2020-08-24 16:33:32 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/695119070 Important People preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/700267888 Gian Lorenzo Bernini- Heir to michelangelo, and finished many of his pieces, creating the architecture of buildings while sculpting within, mostly of st Peters branching off into different areas and is the main baroque leads.
Voltaire- Know for quotes and ideas of freedom and religions toleration and freedom, such as the catholic church and alternate events like the emergence of atheism. The patterns of his thoughts could be deism such as god being like a clock maker, make sure it works but let it work upon its own and laws but no latter involvement. Enlightened Absolutism, its okay to have powerful leaders as long as they are ¨enlightened¨ and give power to people and care for them.
Montesquieu- Known for Spirit of The Laws, believes in separation of powers and the balancing of such. he brought up limited government.
John Locke- Know for the Two Treaties on Government. Early for the period but has common ideas such as Natural rights and that by being upon this earth you have rights such as life liberty and Property saying the government has three jobs to protect, my life freedom and stuff. Many speakers slightly change this is inspire revolution during this time. Limits government and says if it doesn't do that then we get to revolt.
Jean Jacques Rousseau- Much younger thinker and one of the most recent. Very dramatic and a mess yet has formal thought such as The Formal Contract, with ideas that government and civilians sign a contracting by working together. another idea is general will, similar to majority rules deciding what should be done, a very republican concept and also limiting. Another great defender of education and wrote about his ideas a lot such as the student choosing studies and make it upon student led ideas, still a progressive and popular idea, But all these good ideas comes with the flaw of his alful view of women and possibly other minorities and equality.
Condorcet- Much smaller but advocated for the ending of slavery but was very early on and calls for gender equality and more social freedom but less by government and politics.
Beccaria- Crimes and Punishment, unlike the former rights much for on government equality and less about education and social aspects on its own. Mainly fair punishment and equal punishment for same crime but remove economic discrimination. Another more progressive idea is focusing upon rehabilitation that every one should get what they need to function their best and live the easiest more themselves.
Diderot- Edits writes and brings together the encyclopedia of so many different studies and knowledges. The example about common enlightenment, The picture of knowledge.
Mary Wollstonecraft- Important of many ideas and is a woman writer and mother of the writer of frankenstein, also know as the first Feminist and doesn't write about government or education much other that with ideas of equality and that bringing the gender closer together such as the VIndication of the rights of Man and another book that is the vindication of the rights of women, the former being during the french revolution and the rights of me and praise of equality but makes the sequel which is a clever concept of women need rights as much as men since they teach the most of bring the men the most ideas.
Adam Smith- The main economic writer such as the Wealth of Nation with ideas of capitalism, investments and industrial revolution and a stolen idea of Laissez Faire which translates to let it be and leaving action out such as the governments involvement of government but education should be ran by the ´invisible hand´ and just like rights and science should have natural flow and determining their price. Finding where the line matches of income and requirement with out government involvement.
Jonathan Edwards- Believed all humans are sinners and that god is an ¨Angry Judge¨ and that its our individual and natural duty to beg for forgiveness from god or else we´ll pay the ultimate price.]]> 2020-08-26 15:52:02 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/700267888 Leading to the Revolt preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/715232514 Exploration- Trade, National Glory and Religion
Trade- Avoiding the middle man and taking control of the KNOWN oceanic trades
National Glory- Kings want to put the names on discoveries and a country competitions.
Religion- Lets also bring it along but more for colonization but not the intent of exploration.
Discovery of the western world leads to a time of conquering. but different levels of colonization, with more restricted action in north america as opposed to the southern. such as the main groups of spain and portugal in the more southern areas as north america was more british and french presence. ]]> 2020-09-02 15:41:41 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/715232514 Enlightenment Overview preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/727787341 ¨Dare to Know! Have the courage to use your own reason! This is the motto of the enlightenment.¨- Immanuel Kant
All spice, less environment
Major Idea of enlightenment
Natural RIghts, next step of the scientific revolution, the concept of natural social laws and rights or government and what they should act upon or become limited, as most find out. Power is not unlimited and goes back upon baroque ideas with out equality. Questions education after the last era and the differing levels and religion. Causes many actions of revolution.

]]> 2020-09-08 15:43:21 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/727787341 John Edwards ¨Puritan Camp¨ preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735589958 Overview- Why are there man that are elevated above the people? Who are they? What are they preaching?
Parts-I notice the many tents and temporary housing around the fort/tower structure that is surrounded by persons and the use of lighting to show off such tower.
Title- ¨The Puritan Camp¨ Hits towards this being or religions intention and that this could be a small community of puritans or the camp title could be relating to somewhere the puritans are send towards
Interrelation- There's a relation to where they are standing and their expression, the closer they are the more focused they seem along with in relation to the environment they are in the open area avoiding sitting in the tree which both symbolize an important message is being shared or its something the people want to invest in.
Conclusion= In conclusion the Puritan Camp seems to be a pice about gathering and the spread of their religions beliefs outside of a main area of europe. This painting also depicts multipule persons uniting for a sole purpose, again which is hinted towards being of religions intent with the title and their (the attendees) positioning towards the center piece. ]]> 2020-09-10 15:41:12 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735589958 “Overview” — two initial questions you have “Parts” — What do you notice? Think about artistic choices also “title/Text” — What does the title reveal/Imply about the work? Think both literally & figuratively “Interrelationships” — What relationships do you notice? Connections between parts/subjects?“Conclusion” — Analyze the work as a whole. Connect the literary work of art to a bigger idea. Society of the time, political event, military, economy, philosophy, etc. preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735675854 2020-09-10 15:57:18 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735675854 Great Awakening preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735786123 Reached and spread across mainly the english colonies during 1730-1770, Post-Enlightenment was dedicated to religion and devotion to god and moving away from reason and science focus. Resistance to the rational of the Enlightenment, more so bring colonial unity from this debate and sides in the first national event.
*See John Edwards Above*
He tried to push the religion is the moral compass and that if not they will ¨all burn in hell¨ and that the revival was his duty and the calling of god himself. Main Sermon was delivered on July 8th in 1741, employing the concept of ¨Preaching by Terror¨ since many were losing sight of their religions aspects. His themes were than sinners face fearful and endless pain from God and that his wrath is divine and unpredictable with complete control over your life and the entirety of your lifes actions.

]]> 2020-09-10 16:17:51 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735786123 Literary Devices- Metaphor preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735835199 Definition: A comparison of two ideas, events, objects, or people that does not utilize like or as

Purpose: connect “something” that is less understood with something that is more understood — help the reader understand something they otherwise might not have.

Example: “Henry was a lion on the battlefield”. This sentence suggests that Henry fought so valiantly and bravely that he embodied all the personality traits we attribute to the ferocious animal. This sentence implies immediately that Henry was courageous and fearless, much like the King of the Jungle.

]]> 2020-09-10 16:27:01 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735835199 Literary Devices- Imagery preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735842748 Definition: reference to sensory details (5 senses: touch, taste, smell, see, hear) that enable the reader to visualize the event based on previous sensory experiences they’ve had

Purpose(s)

to capture a reader’s attention, allowing the author to to engage with them mentally, physically, and emotionally make experiences/ ideas/ events relatable to the reader
when the reader feels connected to a character/experience, they are more invested in the plot
When they are more invested in the “plot” they are more likely to be influenced by the author’s purpose

]]> 2020-09-10 16:28:24 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735842748 Literary Devices- Diction preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735860501 Definition: style of speaking or writing, determined by the choice of words by a speaker or a writer; appropriate for the context when used

Purpose: writers choose words to create and convey a typical mood, tone, and atmosphere to their readers. A writer’s choice of words, and his selection of graphic words, not only affect the reader’s attitude, but also conveys the writer’s feelings toward the literary work

]]> 2020-09-10 16:31:50 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/735860501 9-18 Optic ¨Human Understanding¨ preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/759230420 Overview- A group of what looks to be men of sciences and varied topics, possible philosophical in nature. Note the many technologies and tools around the painting.
Parts- Lots of people, detailed expressions comparable to thought and processing. Entirely men, all seem to be sharing ideas. Also has many tools and items laid out seeming to be for use or trial.
Title- ¨Human Understanding¨, This title clarifies the action of this piece and explains the arrangement of men around the area. Also connects to the era as its the spread of knowledge and expansion.
Interrelation- Many of the persons are conversating or spreading knowledge, some by simply talking others by demonstrating with their items.
Conclusion- Overall this piece demonstrates the snowballing of information and is a smaller representation of what is going on in the world at this time with the spread of knowledge and information for the betterment of society even if it is portrayed oddly or has its setbacks. ]]> 2020-09-18 15:42:59 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/759230420 Age of Revolutions preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/759390989 Atlantic Revolutions (1750-1900) Includes The America, French, Haitian, Mexico, Colombia, Argentina and Brazilian Revolutions.Lots of content and could be used from any angle.
American Revolution- The British Colonial Empire had a lot of causes for revolution, Such as the Enlightenment the one constant of all revolutions of this era and its ideas (see enlightenment notes), Excessive taxation or striving for no taxation without representation and economic oppression , Deprivation of rights like in the constitution and the pursuit of life liberty and happiness and wanting to act upon the rights they seek to do and behave on, Lack of Governmental representation such as doubling back to no taxation w/o representation and failure to have representation in Parliament like the homeland had and wanting a say in it, Restrictive Laws like all the acts of this time ex intolerable acts, Mercantilism and Economic Intrusion, the king has power over anything and that the colonies provides only wealth and resources of the mainland, controlling all resources and actions.
French Revolution- Not a fight for freedom but for release from absolutism and recreating their government. The revolution comes in four parts from 1789-1799, and an extra era of napoleon to 1815.
¨It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness¨ The french just fought for the american revolution and France had to pay for all of the american revolution that bankrupts them, but they did not get that from their home country. France had done this to hit Britain due to their hatred for each other. Another cause is the enlightenment and growth of limiting power, natural rights, and class equality. These ideas stirred in France for a long time before the revolutions and what to do with their laws and power not only in the mainland but the colonies. Another push was the monarchy being out of touch but still having power over the country, especially for Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette as they were incompetent and unequipped for his position, and Marie wasn't french and was Austrian and created lots of money for little cause and was unknowing of her country's state. Unlike America France is out of money and has kept fighting for many years and are lacking funding and began to tax so much and so often that they can't fund themselves. Another detail is the food shortages and lacking enough food to go around as it grows in price. Social inequality also has a system of the Three Estates such as the Nobility, clergy and everyone else that wasn't royal, religious or a large landowner. The Third estate is everything and should be the main force.
Convening the Estates General, May 1789. The Kings main taxation increases, but he has a meeting with representatives from each region and every Estate and to vote upon taxation to resolve the crisis of the economy. The beginning of the French revolution. The third estate brings their own difficulties and Louis only speaks on taxes and requires one vote from each group, despite size and the third estate refuses to vote, and goes to a court area and makes their own oath to themselves to create constitution without motivation for taxes along with members of the other groups. And is allowed by Louis as hes out of options and starts peaceful by the actions of lawmakers.
Haitian Revolution-
Latin Revolutions-]]> 2020-09-18 16:18:54 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/759390989 French Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/776327757 2020-09-24 15:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/776327757 The Four Phases of the French Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/784849388 National Assembly-The first and most moderate phase, feels like a enlightenment push and is evolutionary, it is just writing a constitutional monarchy as agreed upon by King Louis XVI. After the first promise The king had begun to mobilize the military to Paris on Bastille Day, July 14. The people arm themselves from the prison of basti and steal the weapons, but not really free the prisoners and begin to breakdown the prison, as the king backs away the military due to the urban poor. Later July the ¨Great Fear¨ begins as the people of the country side joins in the revolt, all for different reasons where some overlap but not the same exact goals. The solution is to make everyone equal that balances out most persons and silences most rebellion in a document similar to a bill of rights constitution hybrid. The document that embodies the enlightenment made everyone equal was the Declaration of the Bill of RIghts of Man written in 1789, statements such as equalizing social class, basics, and in government such as life liberty and property. Wollstonecraft defends this document, another is Olympe the Gouges who wrote the same document but with the rights of women, and his later imprisoned and dies. The March of women is another march to find bread and looking for the rules food resources, but this mob takes the rulers to Paris. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy takes over the church and brings more religions intent around 1790.
Liberté! Egalité! Fraternité!
Legislative Assembly- The Declaration of Pillnitz by the king of austria promises war to who ever hurts the queen of paris, as other european countries join in around paris as Louis with the queen try to flee the country through Varennes as a loyal monarch bows to the king, and many constitutions take him back to paris and are not in prison as the Austrian forces approach. The Sans-Culottes or Parisian Poor riots again while trying to put everything together as the people take it on their own and the assembly is shut down for 10 months.
National Convention- ¨The Republic¨ is the most republic time of the revolution as is supposed to be about the people but is the deadliest and dangerous time as the King is killed after Maximilien Robespierre ( a writer of the revolutions documents.) He claims the people are uneducated and do not understand the revolution and creates the committee of Public Safety. ¨You have to have terror, You have to have fear for the revolution to progress¨, as fear is the only thing the people understand. The ¨Reign of Terror¨ follows as people are arrested (300,00), mostly regular unknowing people, and many are killed 16-30k, and many act different and changing their actions. The committee creates this fear and tries to push finding the end and real enlightenment. Marat is a newspaper editor who worked with Maximillion and would publish the list of traitors and negative portrayal of loyalists, a woman named Charlotte Corday killed Marat trying to stop the killings. She acts as a person with a list of people and stabs him in his bath and he becomes a divine figure unlike what many perceived. The painting by Jacques Louis David is utilized a lot for this.
The war is now coming from austria perisa and britain and the Levee en masse, aka a large drafting being to deal with the war. Also during the Reign of Terror the Guillotine is an enlightenment tool that is simplistic and kills all in the same way. on January 21 Louis XVI has been sent to death and several weeks later the queen is killed. Franc tries to de christianize as streets, hours, days and months are changed and altered for confusion. The revolution brought away religion and many dropped out of this and reason takes place and becomes a cult of reason and the revolution goes too far.
Robespierre keeps pushing and acts like God is shouted down and the Thermidorian Reaction, he is killed by his own revolutionaries and the government has to begin again.
The Directory- a commit is formed called the Directory that strives to fix the economy and repair the ruins of France. They're successful and improve the state of france as rioting ends and fighting ceases. The government gets things done and ends around 1799 and many revolutionaries are left and don't know if their goal was accomplished and try to take one more shot to bring a big splash, a big drop of the enlightenment and brings in Napoleon to take back power in France and to best embody the enlightenment in a military coup.
Napoleon- He utilized military control to gain control and once hes in power he holds an election for his continuation in power and is voted to stay in power 1799, with the title of consul. Consul is military for power but still voted upon. He created the Napoleonic Code, which is the first fulfilled rights and codes of France affirming basic natural rights and that the government has to protect them and include education separate from the church and learn about the world and be productive and enlightened, but has flaws such as excluding women and giving them similar rights to a child. He also utilizes a secret police force to spy upon people and allows use of titles, pandering to all communities. Napoleon is obsessed with person of talent being in use of the government and perferring experience and skill to family connections. After a few years he transfers himself to emperor and has this event, and crowns himself instead of letting to pope have political powers above him. in 1804 he seeks expansion and growth. Causes louisiana purchase from the french due to the loss of Haiti and gives him cash to fight his war after giving up on the american involvement. In the height of his empire he gains control over Spain and the German states and directly controls some states and small unions, and proceeds to form bond with other countries threatening control over them in the rest of europe and into the north. In places his family in control of these areas that are pseudo independent and indirectly controlling most europe besides britain and portugal. From the removal of the spanish king begins the latin colonies independence on the Third of May 1808. Following in 1812 Napoleon tries to invade russia, which hitler later tries and fails bc he dumb, but napoleon marches straight into russia straight into moscow. He has arrogance and says to not bring winter supplies as russian winter comes early in september and russia develops a scorched earth policy, which means they burn all that could benefit napoleon in war. The russias decided better gone that in the hands of his enemy, and his advisors know this. They make it to an empty Moscow and everything is burned and now has to retreat and loses this battle to the german colonies and loses 560k men. he agrees to exile and is sent to Elba, close to Europe in Italy and Napoleon takes a ship back with his men and enters italy. The nephew of the last king becomes ruler, Louis XVIII and sends troops to napoleon in the alps. Napoleon gains the trust of these men and comes back into power as the rest of Europe was like what the fuck and rebuilds his empire and goes to war. He loses at Waterloo and is exiled yet again to St. Helena. He lives his life there but dies and is buried in a great pantheon and is a historic hero. The rest of Europe has the meeting of Vienna to decide what to do with France and its leaders, They don't destroy France but tells them to return all land and return money and start from the ground up and still be a community of the nations. They seek to create a balance of power to end the Nepoleoic Era.]]> 2020-09-28 15:44:15 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/784849388 Neoclassical Art preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/784997282 Which is enlightenment and french revolutionary art is was stiff and simplistic and lacked over detailing and complexity. Primary artists of this time are Nicolai Abraham Abildgaard, Jacques-Louis David, and and painter Angelica Kauffman.
The Death of Socrates- Simple lighting and lacking strong emotions, utilizes less contrast and less detail and portrays simple events.
The Oath of the Horatii- Simple background and flatter themes, not very emotional and plain in comparison as mostly human parts and lacking strong interconnections. ]]> 2020-09-28 16:20:24 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/784997282 Haitian Independence preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/791844664 2020-09-30 15:49:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/791844664 Latin American Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/798157193 2020-10-02 15:57:57 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/798157193 Other Latin Revolution Notes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/807194019 Another episode of the Atlantic Revolution, in the central americas spain is controlling the coastal borders and down the aztec empire on the western coast down past brazil. Similar to before enlightenment life liberty and property is a popular idea and many start questioning rights and the ideas of freedoms. Similar to the 13th colonies, not wanting to be under control and feeding of the american revolutions ideas for the other revolutions.
Another aspect was Creole discontent, a european that lived in the colonies. Many have lived in generations there and want to live for themselves. Casta Painting also defined social class and the enforcement of creole titles and disregard in racial history.
Other revolutions were big players in the beginning of this revolution and its strength as many others were fighting for the same ideas and it was easy to share ideas and to follow them.
Preoccupation of Spain & Portugal in Fighting Napoleonic War where Kings where the home land where they no longer had strong powers and they could no longer be a colony of no one. Many revolutions snowballed from this such as revolution is haiti, mexico and brazil. Simon Bolivar is the brains, or main speaker of this era and is a writer of this idea in colonial central america, his plan was a united states of america, being like america working together but being separate lands under one name.
The muscle of the revolution is know as Jośe de st Martín as he crosses the andes and move from the south and bring forth battle and independence, but not where they thought they could be.
Brazil´s Different War- unlike uprisings, war and insurrection they have much less fighting. The leaders in portugal have moved here but most return to their country to deal with napoleon, but his son stays and becomes influenced by the creoles and on behalf of the royal family is going to become emperor over brazil. Hes influence of his people and it becomes a independent land with out much war. The people threaten him when he tries to take away slavery until much after and becomes one of the last to abolish slavery. They have much more economic growth as the rest of the revolutions gain economic stability much later.
1. independence for spanish and portugal in latin america, 2. but does not bring unity unlike north america with civil wars and cultural differences with different currency and defined by disunity. 3. Brought more poverty over all unlike america. They fall behind and cant gain stability as fast as the rest of the revolutions in north america. 4. They struggle with democracy and became Caudillos who are dictators that control with a constitution, but don't follow it very well and don't have much stability and become what the leaders want it to be, besides brazil.
5. Additional events
-Feuds in leaders
-Geographic barriers for countries
-Consistent social hierarchy
- Conservatives favored the old social order and want to give themselves power and not people of other background.
-Calls for land reform as they have much for limited land and many cannot have land take by borders and government
-No rights for women and could not have anything other than traditional roles
-Dependant on foreign powers to control the new countries.
- Continued strong control of the old Catholic Church.
Caribbean was disputed as the americans want to pursue control over them and the us declare themselves the power of the western world even if it meant being a danger to the rest of the hemisphere.]]> 2020-10-06 15:39:53 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/807194019 Literary Device- Satire preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825390196 A type of writing to improve behavior and insight better action with sarcasm and irony of reality.
Usually depicts modern involvements in a form of political commentary (more that just the facts news). Describes the negative of a situation and tries to motivate better behavior by ridiculing the bad.
Inspires critical thinking by highlighting the worse of ourselves often targeting comment activities we involve our self with in a humorous or entertaining manner to some but may come off as dark or unfunny.
Takes on the bigger problems of our society in small pieces of humor. entertains while teaching a narrative and providing a point.
Some examples depict a country as a person and its actions, ads changed to be more blunt, and taking something down to its core and comparing it.
Humorizes an idea, person, community or institution but is NOT just to be a joke, it also should be to make people think and learn. ]]> 2020-10-13 15:44:41 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825390196 Satire Questions preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825459925 What makes satire a powerful form of political commentary?

It unlike most politics contains humorous approach that is easier to consume but still has an underlying meaning.
What does a satirist have to consider when crafting {his OR her} work?
Their perspective, audience, topic, joke, and the portrayal of the opinion.
What are some potential downfalls or disadvantages of the use of satire?
A large downfall is missing the point or putting too much into the joke causing a change in the meaning or getting the wrong audience.

]]> 2020-10-13 15:59:35 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825459925 Jonathan Swift-Satire preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825479799 Jonathan Swift was an Anglo-Irish writer that was most known for his satirical content and portrayal of politics in the 1700s. Lived 1667-1745.
A Modest Proposal

According to Swift, what is the problem, and to what extent is it a problem?

THe problem he tackles in ireland is famine and stagger of food items that are killing families and vastly injuring the population.

What information does he include that leads you to this conclusion?

How he describes the falling population and speaks about putting food in to every home and work for the good of this country.

According to Swift, what are some of the principal advantages to his proposal?

He mostly wants to provide to the health of families and making sure every mouth is fed, but it also opens up opportunities to lowering population to stable amounts along with opening up more trade within and outside the country to grow the economy to become even more productive maybe even to a point to roll back the proposal.

What are the possible objections to Swift’s the proposal?

The main objection is morality and perception of human life, which is exactly his point in this writing is to understand the humanity withing us and to put forth ideas and proposals with the intent of improving society.

In what way(s) does Swift acknowledge some of the objections?

In what way(s) does Swift argue some of the objections?

Whom does Swift criticize in this piece?

He criticizes other countries that are doing well or have immigrated to areas of ireland that have high moral and worth of a human life.

What changes does he hope to bring about?

He in actuality what's to bring stability to his country and support to the poorer less stable families that are lacking materials to care for their families and themselves.

How would you characterize Swift’s overall tone in the essay?

Almost like its hard to keep it steady, very sarcastic and without definite passion, and is a very base of satire.

How does he appeal to his audience?

]]> 2020-10-13 16:04:02 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/825479799 Literary Device- Parody preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/832876212 Imitation of another work in a gray area of satire and sarcasm. Makes up but also has point and purpose.]]> 2020-10-15 15:53:23 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/832876212 Literary Device- WItt preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/832878344 Verbal Cleverness, come up with fast humor in any condition.]]> 2020-10-15 15:53:53 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/832878344 Industrial Revolution and Romanticism Pt 1 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841554932 Introduction: Summary of Imagery in events and how it changed our perception of event sand baise.
1. Street view looking down on people, negative
2. Modern rise around the eiffel tower, positive
3. Telephone and telegraph, pos
4. Women and children working in textile, negative
5. Vehicle assembly, neutral
6. Political cartoon, low wages and high rent, neg
7. Train, pos
8. Camera, pos
9. Light bulb,pos
10. Industrial CIty,neg
11. Coal Mine, neg
12. A store with supplies, positive
The Industrial era had many different views and changing sides that were double edged, such as the growth of factorial production seen in images 5 and 10 that depict factories creating items but inflicting the environment and releasing smoke and by product into the air. Images such as 9 and 3 depict creations that are revolutionary and important to human growth and lead to great changes and the positive of the revolution as images such as 6 and 11 show the problems with creating so freely damaging people's work conditions and the economy moving too fast for the working class during this era as it depicts uncomfortable conditions and rise of rent but more jobs causing lower pay. This time has many sides and benefited society while they blindly feel in love with it as it got harder to sustain a family. It's easy to say this time was revolutionary and successful but it visibly caused a lot of background damage like i mentioned in 6 and 11 where conditions are described negatively and could be very troubling but distractions such as images 9, 3 and 8 seem to enticing and entertaining that it's easy to see that these could be distracting factors of the industrial revolution.

]]> 2020-10-19 15:41:47 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841554932 To What Extent Does Global Capitalism Diffuse? preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841767565 Proto-Industrialization:
We see textile growth, the first non man or animal made product made in houses in the cottage system where everybody not needed on the farm anymore and many look for wages and textile becomes popular. It begins piecemeal systems from buying wool and parts from a previous stable economy, or employing people for their skills with wool in small steps with one person specializing in a step that completes this and his paid for this action. Many steps are taken and people are paid.
First Industrial Revolution:
In england with textiles the steam engine, and mass factory production and is no longer just manual labor.
The Second Industrial Revolution:
Or the Heavy Industry in germany, steel and chemicals are used and production is no longer cloth and old actions but juts into whats never done before and new ideas are created such as interchangeable parts and machines creating machines. germany sets up a strong economy and becomes a world competitory power with weapons and creations.]]> 2020-10-19 16:27:23 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841767565 Why England? preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841828869 The Workshop of The World or england controls a lot of the economy and has a unique advantage such as the environment being rich in materials naturally such as many rivers and coastal reach making trade and supplies easy to move around. 2nd Agricultural Revolution, where farming greatly increased and improves the new efficiency, crops, and technology. Urbanization in need of new jobs and economy from the creation of many new jobs and requiring less workers per job leading to lots of people without jobs and becoming desperate and creating towns and places to live or new areas of workers. Flowing constant resources from colonies all of the world that are diverse and cant be as obtained from other regions making it so they gain a foreign market. Government changes and the enlightenment changes the rights and claims, incentivising risk and feeding off of their risks and creations but not taking it away from them. Accumulation of capital, lots of funding is not being used and so much money is flowing around that is protected by the government and had cash and applicable money and money that isn't by land or objects.]]> 2020-10-19 16:40:04 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/841828869 Industrial Notes 2 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849211144 Causes:
were mostly farmers and working citizens running their lives on their own accord. Many new diverse products let many more lives continue and increased life expectancy and lead to lasting products and more creations. This lead to many spinning machines from wanting more consistent quality products, other developments included porcelain. Lots of incremental growth and collaboration for more products and ideas.
Effects:
Lead to a lot of endangerment often children that were put through the worst condition and lead to having unhealthy lives and bodies just to make money. tensions in companies and middle class that seek stability in the economy without regard for children and women being put to work.]]> 2020-10-21 15:42:30 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849211144 Industrial Notes 3- Technology and Developments preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849381981 Proto- not considered IR due to not being mechanized and still being man or animal powered. These include drills, early spinning machines (spinning jenny), harvesters, new crops like turnip, cottage and enclosure systems.
Enclosure Acts- as land became productive more wanting to cultivate land, laws were passed to take away land from the commons, good for farming and economy, bad to society.
Higher productivity, High population.
First IR- Lots of machines and mechanized engines, too large to be local or at home, the term factory arose and put many into work because it is making available jobs at wages. Factory System and Mass Production. Notable Developments- Textiles, factory system, coal, steam engines, railroads, steam ships. Steam creates the larger production and developments. Pushes lots of coal and mining to power such engines and radical mining increase, which is always negative displacing the land. Increase transportation as well and the first cuttings of the canals to put rivers and locations together.
Second IR- happens in four main areas but is heavy industry. We see chemical production and diversity in chemicals to act in negative and positive developments. Included petroleum used in transport.
Next is steel from a new refining process in the bessemer process where they could get out all the impurities to successfully utilize the iron. Better buildings, transport and parts. Item in making machines that make machines in a new factory danger in this molten steel.
Electricity could be seen as the most impactful, but only later on because many were not fit to utilize and isn't really useful or used in rural and less populated areas. Every town as a telegraph, not every house to they have to deliver the messages. highlights the fact that many things are too-be life saving but the lack of infrastructure blocks its use.
Last is transportation. The invention of the internal combustion engine and many other creations from the germans to leading to the cars which or more person to trains and other transportation and needs a whole different supply source that isn't found in many places but is in what is commonly colonies near the equator. Planes are they but eh. ]]> 2020-10-21 16:18:56 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849381981 Where Does the IR Diffuse to and What is it Like When it Gets There? preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849493804 Starting from western europe in Britain. It didn't immediately progress to american until textiles were created near the first phased of the expansion. the ideas and product spread very quickly and american soon lead the second phase due to their material sources and balance of product.
Coming late due to political standings germany came into the revolution and like american became a leader in creation, though more commonly in transportation. Germany lacking successful resources and couldn't benefit as well from their own creation like american could.
Much later than the western world china and japan did their best to the industrial developments and insisted in creation and progress leading to efficiency in phones lines and quatic transport.]]> 2020-10-21 16:43:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/849493804 Romanticism In Art preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/856272028 TLDR: Very exaggerated perceptions of emotions and individualism and increasing natural and invested perceptions such as many works by Wordsworth, Shelly and Coleridge. Many halloween and spiritually or emotionally intense stories come from this era like frankenstein and the headless horseman along with works from beethoven. ]]> 2020-10-23 15:45:18 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/856272028 Romanticism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/856301125 Implies nostalgia for damaged goods and ideas, more than an alternative. Development and made possible with human consciousness. Has creative power and melancholy, in a pessimistic and glum perspective with vivid natural physical and spiritual descriptions and representations further than flowers, but the disasters. Lots of poetry of the time physical descriptions and descriptions of women and love are interchangable. Spirituality is relation to the human soul opposed to physical items. Not using this for religion but for your souls movement through nature. Reconciliation of opposites, or finding the connections and finding peace with the overwhelming realities in power, work, productivity and investment of emotions and interacting with the fundamentals of the world. Find where you fit in the world, or one large ass existential breakdown, but tranquil in a calm area of feelings that are for everyone.
Characteristics:
Nationalism
Celebration of Nature
Focus on individualism and self actualization
Imagination and subjectivity in opinion.
Honouring the Common Man looking in to what you've experienced and what it has done to develop you.
Commitment to emotion and keeping yourself in tact.
P-many people on the ground or in the shadows, but don't really seem to have much purpose around this lady in the center holding a flag into the light above them, lots of smoke and clouds.
T- Liberty leading the people could be the explanation of the action, people fighting to be free and happy above all else.
i- this title explains the purpose of the fighting men with guns and other weapons especially for or around this woman in the center that seems to be a reward or symbolism for the men's fighting to be happy.
C- Men fight for many reasons but these seek liberty and peace in their unjust society even if it means causing harm for the betterment of their society.
¨Liberty Leading the People¨ A monument of emotion in action and the idea is to identify emotionally to fight for freedom and strive for the war showing nature and the conflict in ourselves along with pulling in to our identity and take action because it become bigger than you. and take more reform.
John Keats ¨The celebration of Nature¨, a poem of description nature and personifying the inanimate objects of our world and deep descriptions.
William blake is moved to tears by trees.
Gothic Art Styling of Romantic, INsanirt, crime, grotesque, terror, horror, suspense, death in love and passion as well and darker sinister ablities of one that could cause great damage but its blocked by love commonly. Threatening hostile and supernatural in danger and unpredictability. ¨Are human being innately good and innocent?¨ This question decides if falling into pure romantic or gothic. ]]> 2020-10-23 15:51:52 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/856301125 Myth of Prometheus preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873740012 A god of great power that brought life to this earth, but preferred man kind. He tried to create balance within life. He stole knowledge and education from mount olympus and brought great intelligence and quality information to man and gave them the power of thought that other animals could not have. after back and forth between him and zeus he was chained and imprisoned upon a cold heatless mountain. He have an unwavering spirit and has no fear even in the threat of the powerful immortal gods than seek to punish him.]]> 2020-10-29 15:57:00 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873740012 Frankenstein Notes Lol preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873845401 Fame narrative, A story within a story. When there are different narrators the author is structuring in a way for the reader to out the pieces together. Different perspectives and descriptions priorities and other details per character to form your own opinion on a situation. Conscious mind v unconscious minds.
Three narrators are Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and the demon all in first person along with their thoughts and opinions. Along with secrets. Narrators recount events differently and make it important to know the current narrator.
Look out for symbolic meanings like Elizabeth lavenza, Justine Moritz, Alphonse Frankenstein. ]]> 2020-10-29 16:18:43 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873845401 Essential Thought preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873929307 Are we born with a dark side or do we develop a dark side?]]> 2020-10-29 16:36:38 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873929307 Suggested Annotation preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873932614 Weather, Allusion, Foreshadowing, Symbols, Theme, Chapter Purpose, Narrators]]> 2020-10-29 16:37:22 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/873932614 Writing Notes MLA Formatting preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/890692877 Embedding is quotes pair with our own words, do not only utilize a quote on its on. Place quote at the beginning end or middle of a sentence.
Citations can be through parenthesis or narratively.
Parenthetical- Authors name is not in the sentence, but within the citation. The the last name and page number should be included at the end of a sentence but not after it.
Narratively- Narrative citation us when you mention the author in the original sentence and include the page number after it.
When siting put the parentheses before the period, or last grammar symbol. No comma between the last name and page number. also include a space.
Do not include the entire name or the chapter or book.
Include appropriate spacing are the citation.
Avoid these statements:
¨On page 24,¨
¨The narrator says¨
¨In chapter 2, this quote states¨
¨For example when¨

]]> 2020-11-04 16:37:36 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/890692877 One Pager Requirements preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/891018195 2020-11-04 17:42:01 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/891018195 19th Century Asia- Context preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898221574 Starting with China, How does china respond to the advances in the west and other outsiders?
What do you do when someone is at your door step that is more advanced than you?
What does China do under these changes as the world advances, what to do about industrialization, and what do we do politically with them, or Answering the questions of the west.
Core cilization begun in China in 8000 to 600 BCE, then up until 600 CE china develops further into the their classical era under the Qin and Han Dynasty. Then in Post classical 600 to 1450 with three main pieces. THe Golden Age, the song dynasty.
The mongols show as the yuan which is shortly replaced by the ming dynasty.
Then in the Early Modern Era such as Ming and the Qing Dynasty as the foreign group had helped over power the mings and come into the power through the 1900, and are outsiders.
China produced the greatest design with tea silk and porcelain for the entire world, and the Ming dynasty decided to close themselves off and restricted entrance to china. Formerly inventitive society but falls behind due to the lack of industrialization and foreigners become the leaders.]]> 2020-11-06 16:41:05 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898221574 China Continued preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898290924 Guiding Ideas:
1. Confucianism (one of the largest religions and guides for chinese government such as: everyone existed in 5 relationships and accept your role. Loyalty to that relationship, and it will create order)
2. Government
3. Wealth and power in land ( the peasant is the most important member of society. INdustrialize or tradition?)
4. Committed Culture (export ideas but don't take in many ideas) ]]> 2020-11-06 16:56:42 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898290924 19th century Chinese Events preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898327969 And how is it a response to the west.
The Opium Wars begin with trade with China, were the european countries try to trade as opposed to utilizing silver, and a british colony of india was a opium resource and use it for Chinese products. The Emperor declared this a drug war and a boston tea party move he destroys all the drugs. British declare war so the can sell drugs, britain is very industrialized and is not prepared for the war. China is built to fail. China doesn't become a colony but instead sign ¨Treaty of Nanjing¨ Which is an unequal treaty, that says they can keep the country but they order to britain and prioritize them over their own welfare and hand over Hong Kong and British men had higher rights compared to chinese persons and is extra territorial.
Taiping Rebellion- Hong Xiuquan
After being exposed to christianity and believe he is jesus´ little brother and believes he is the new savoir and many follow behind him. He claims that foreigners and qing are the reason to china's defeat and that he rallies millions to his cause and being upset to everything that is happening in china. They always want land, everyone wants land.
He religiously overcomes their problems and begin to march toward beijing and are defeated and over 19th century issues are ignored. 20 Million had died here. many revolts occur and a million peasants but after years they fail to make any real progress and the qing modernize their military.
The Self Strengthening Movement- After the rebellion and believes he dodged a bullet and is glad he survived in power. This policy is industrialization to an extent but agriculture has brought many different concepts and is willing to seperate power a little more and very little, but some land reform occurs. ¨Chinese learning at the Base, Western Learning for use¨ Chinese keep their identity but take some important information from the industrial west but not take all information from them. a slow step to industrialize from the outside and china does not become a modern state due to not including manufacturing. Everyone is farming still because whatever, a nod to industrialize but not massive changes. This contradiction cant stay long and in the end does not evolve china. Another note is his mother undermining him and comes to control the throne and tried to prevent modernization. She took industrialization money and used it for a marble boat, and nullifies many aspects.
Boxer Rebellion- The pullmination about the challenge of the west and the norther force of china group and resistant american and europe that promoted change and targets christians because they allied with the west and once again a group moves to beijing where european families live and take hold in. Europe threatens to bring military change, and the lady in charge decides that boxers will run out the european beijing and families send their families and beijing is barricaded and she denies their involvement. China get influenced by all these countries in europe, russia and japan. Cixi lives a few more years but her throne is replaced by a four year old. ]]> 2020-11-06 17:05:28 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898327969 Addressing: Opium War preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898494242 This conflict causes from outside involvement of putting drugs into the chinese economy from Britain, which lead to china being over powered and becoming basically a port for Britain. This showed how china resists modern technology and prefers their traditional economy.]]> 2020-11-06 17:44:54 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898494242 Addressing: Taiping Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898503552 A growing sect of christianity in china begins and gets many followers to remove the mongols and the empire controlling china because they believe they are the root cause of china's defeat. After 5 years this dissipated after 20 million people died for this cause and gave up on changing china, once again showing china resistance to change and wanting to stay where they are to prevent being over whelmed.]]> 2020-11-06 17:47:09 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898503552 Addressing: Self Strengthening preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898512011 A step into change by china to include more modern technologies and develop the creation of a handful of products but mostly lacked factories and true industrialization. This got under mined and rolled back by Cixi and china yet again resisted changing and european influence.]]> 2020-11-06 17:49:17 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898512011 Addressing: Boxers preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898520089 A group of traditionalist chinese trained to take china back from this european influence and killed many christians and europeans in the country in a move to go back to their original values. Many were killed and cixi refused to stop them until european military came to help save beijing and defeat the boxers. China had to give in to change, no matter how much they had resisted it previously.]]> 2020-11-06 17:51:13 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/898520089 Ottoman Empire and Russia (Eastern Europe and Beyond) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909349106 Gunpowder Empire- with the rise of three new empires had three commonalities, Modern weapons with gunpowder, Formerly Nomadic (Such as the steppes of asia), and are Muslim. Three empires such as the indian mughals, persian Safavids, and the Ottoman which are the longest empire. previously in the early modern era they are very strong and have a strong hold in most of the eastern world. they don't become invalid but with the rise of the global power they eclipse these empires, hence being know as the sick men of europe but are declining in impact and influence. How did the Ottoman Empire react to advances in industrialization? Are they willing to Modernize? Japan, the west, britain and others are rapidly growing with countries like china are not.

Russian Background:
Post classically russia came into power around a city of kiev and the moguls last in russia taking power over them. The moguls didn't like russia or its culture and live near the black sea, the tell northern nobles to just pay taxes and we wont bother you. This empowered russia because the mongols don't care so lots of local control begins. in the 1380 the moguls are removed and a russian dynasty of the romanovs. Absolutism begins which are contemporary and align with europe at the time with peter and katherine the greats. They want to create a power similar to how europe in starting to and both want to bring a scientific revolution and growing arts. Russia tries to catch up to the rest of the world and setting the stage for modernization.

Modern Era Russia, How did Russia respond to advances? Russia expands as the ottomans contract, they gain more lands and with peter the great and defeats Sweden and begins expanding. Russia gains a great turning point when russia loses a war against the ottoman the british and the french about territory and russia expands. europe jumped in to prevent russia from getting too strong and getting control over their lands. The excuse was the access of the middle east. This is where the problems of war are found and transforms military medication. the ottoman doesn't win but they dont lose anything so.. it greatly effects russia and the tsar is upset over not getting the land and is confused, but realizes that the loss was from lacking industrialization. In a similar dilemma to china. Alexander the second he begins the emancipation manifesto when lincoln bring the emancipation proclamation with american economy, hes enlightened by driven for power and factor workers and the ability to chose and have choice for persons. It frees up industrial workers and brings the idea of moving for work similar to american. Problems aren't solved but it is a step in the right direction and the pursuit of industrialization. In the middle of each countries response, not head over heels like britain but in involved unlike china.
The ottomans and china do the least to industrialize. Russia is resource rich for industry and heavy industry for any industrialization of this time. a new working class emerges that can work for the country and factories. This is government led, no middle class just the government and the field workers. They lack a middle class but need fast changes to bring themselves to be competitive in the modern era. If europe is textiles the russians is the trans siberian rail road across the country to cover the land that they've taken in. Steel is a big source here as well as other metal work and jumps into the heavy industry. It works but half the businesses in russia was foreign to bring in money, it was more important to industrialize then to have it all, they all become a massive debtor nation trying to modernize but lacked cash, but becomes the fourth largest steel producer, second in petroleum oil production. Many are still in poverty and aren't v thrilled and overall get really far really fast for their delayed start. Reforms are in russia as well such as banking systems, literacy growth, the government sponsored schooling, law codes and rights similar to the tanzimat codes, other changed are local controls that are massive changes but are trying to not be as behind and try to keep pace with the rest of the world. Russia responds differently while being in between the rest of the world.

Evaluate the way in which non western nations respond to the advances in western europe. ]]> 2020-11-10 16:41:01 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909349106 Questions.. preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909392904 1. what was the ottoman government like in the 19th century?
They had a strong centralized government ruled by a Sultan that had the most control and a great position of power, many small positions could be inherited but commonly became earned as well. This government had lots of social mobility but some positions were like glorified slaves to higher powers and were completely at his disposition.

2. Who was muhammad Ali and how did his actions help egypt instead of the ottoman?
After Napoleon's french world tour Muhammad gained power in egypt and tried to industrialize the country on a economic, governmental and cultural level and helped bring egypt into the modernizing world, unlike the ottomans. His power took away from the ottomans control in a three way civil war between them and the turks.

3. What were the tanzimat reforms? what SPEC Changes occurred?
The Tanzimat era lead by these reforms brought further freedoms to the ottoman empire, such as modernizing military, governmental systems, decriminalization of existing :/, modern factories, and creating secular law that overid the religious ruling of the empire.Good ideas but are undone and not used.

4. What was the ottoman approach to industrialization? In what areas did they industrialize, was this led by the gov or civilians?
The ottomans may have had more factories and utilize modern weaponry but they retained the same labour practices that prevented a complete modernization. the reforms and actions take my the ottomans were lead primarily by governments of other countries and later its own which lead to the lack of complete industrialization. Some industrialization but not overwhelmingly good, similar to china not capitalizing on industrialization.

5. How would you describe the ottoman empire at the end of the 19th century?
The empire was trying to modernize and become stronger in power but lack the materials and social hierarchy to do so and began to lose grip on its empire and success. ]]> 2020-11-10 16:48:44 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909392904 Ottoman Territory Loss in 19 century preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909603655 Egypt, Greece, Bulgaria, Syria, Serbia, Romania]]> 2020-11-10 17:27:51 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/909603655 Character Foils preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/917329598 Victor and Walton reflect each other, revealing about another character since they are surface the same but with a core difference.]]> 2020-11-12 16:50:28 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/917329598 Happy John Green Notes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/928107923 Many recreations have changed or altered the story and ideas of frankenstein, and its important to know it opens with notes of an antarctic explorers letter with many modern human emotions from the romantic era. symbolizes the pain of an traumatic birth and failure of a parent . Percy shelley is the influence of the insentual ideas and he caused lots of difficulty in his family and its also cool his heart didn't burn. writing this as a teenager had many hideous and awaken thrilling horrors of society and the romantic era as the possibilities of technology grew. He is obsessed with recreating life and leaves his creation to live its own life and the victor regrets him and kills many of victor's family and leaves to antarctica which is where the letters of walton begin. many ideas of overstepping, isolation and pride are very represented and tragic death of ambition and superhuman effort from waltons experience of wanting to be like victor and wants them to further themselves and walton reaches for safety and mary shelley's writing.
There is also a religious aspect.]]> 2020-11-16 16:59:36 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/928107923 Industrial Japan preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/937573492 The Meiji Restoration, How did japan respond to western growth and expansion?, fun fact its very different.
Context: Recorded history for japan doesnt begin until 650/700 but in the post classical era japan gets first reconized named after the royal heian family. There is a lot of chinese diffusion into japan due to their close distance and that leads to similarity in writing of japan and china. Lot of inter-asian connection. Reaching to 1200 japan goes into feudalism similar to europe and the emperor looses power and is given to the nobles or dayimo and the political power of a shogun. A shogun is a military leader with control and the only real central power but entering the early modern era this contiued unlike in europe where it faded out. the main event of this era in the 1620s is when the shogun isolates the country and keeps the culture within and forms a sort of echo chamber out of concern of corrupting western influence a big focus for japan to keep their culture and religion while some conversion and riots occurred in southern japan. they do occasionally allow the trade of dutch and believe in calvinism which the japanese believed in this value and dutch brought whatever was the revelation in the world. overall much more constricting than china.

Encounters with the west, mostly with the arrival of the united states trying to become a world power. Matthew perry appears in japan and is denied and he points to his industrial technology than far advances japan. he calls japan to let them trade or else they will destroy japanese trading regions, and they do not seek to be a second episode of the opium war.
There are three american hopes with want for coaling stations, strategic locations but america just wanted this provided for little benefit for japan as well as priority trade that mostly benefited america but let japan take advantage of this later. SO yet another unequal treaty, the treaty of kanagawa. In return japan could keep their government and keep themselves steady unlike the disruption in china. Japan in decentralized and the emperor should sign and approve this signing and the shogun shouldn't have approved this because he should be the one in power and this leads to a civil war. This internal political division questioned shogun power even with treaties, and civil uprising. America stepped in and backed the emperor and try to claim that they rehabilitated japan and backs the emperor who then is restored to his power as the Meiji (enlightened one). The shogun was out and many of Japanese structure has been removed and they debate taking a limiting Chinese path or two foot jump like america. They see the similar situations in different countries and think they should not model the Chinese and ottoman decisions. They gain new developed and consistent imperial powers.

Japan choses to compete and try to modernize and leads to many characteristics of reform.
Strong governmental involvement, opened schools for fast track development they know they cannot fully recreate their education system no matter thee study they need to be educated and quickly industrialize.
Former persons of power abroad to other countries to study which removes the difficulty of finding a solution for them, but also educated them in their delay in information and highlights their lack of information.
More experts are brought in to form technical power and are no longer afraid of foreign power. the government opens these factories and are mostly textiles. Once they are stable they are sold to persons of power such as zaibatsu, bringing governmental funds and gives nobles modern power and loyalty. Toyoda was a powerful zaibatsu and when gifted a transportation and became a mini empire.
Very little competition was created with government banks and new currency in order to further control this.
Funded roads and ships between islands and removed restrictions and granted freedom to do with your business. This leads to exploitation of women and children to work but was not rewarded on their own and money was sent back home.
Military was modernized as well with shipyards, arsenals and placed former nobles in this power positions.
A constitution was formed and political modernization comes. While the emperor is still divine shared power begins and is shared.
Social transformation and remove classes of samurai and appointed governmental persons. No more feudalism.
Taxes spread to many economic levels for many different ideas.
Nobles are reorganized in upper class with minor influence.
Modern bureaucracy is more defined and experts are used for the function and flow of japan.
Interest in westernization in most cases with very western ideas and culture leading to a massive educational growth. Western religion wasn't really an interest here and wasn't embraced as much as the others.
S- Interest in westernization (not religion), Increased education, tion, ended feudalism, Modern bureaucracy, governmental involvement, constitution formation,
P- Small colonization, return of power to emperor, restructuring government
I- military building and modernization on islands off coast of japan, construction of bridges and access to such islands.
C- breaking power of power positions such as samurai, nobles having minor returned power,
E- Tax on agriculture extended, experts from the western world sent in to help the country's organization, ]]> 2020-11-18 16:38:36 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/937573492 Further Notes - Conclusion of the Industrial Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946004581 Impacts: Diffuses beyond england and western europe into areas like germany and japan, some movements occur in russia with steel and petroleum, slightly to china with self strengthening movements but only consistent with railroads and a great growth in japan, Overall Diffusion is a large effect.
Social - Social class changes with a brand new working class to be mixed in with the peasants and the nobles. The working class is above these workers and isn't just a term for poor, the working class and factory workers that are payed a debatably low wage. This also manifests in the form of unions in the later 19th century workers are giving rights to unions and group together. Gender expectations get further solidified mainly women caring for the house and the children and having to find a balance for the family. Needs and ideals of expectations get stressed and cause many to get frown upon and do not benefit women. Urbanization and Migration with lots of push and pull factors across these countries based of technology developments, expectations, resources or lack of (potato famine) and difficult changes in families with crowded conditions and one common room as well as unclean waters and waste was in streets and causing sickness and the birth epidemiological studies. Governmental involvement shifts to were they start trying to act upon negative results and realizing urbanization isn't bad just greatly flawed and even the poor have money to spend and enjoy, ¨a rising tide lifts all ships¨, security and education forms from governmental incursion.
Political- The role of the government in more involved with the second half of the industrial revolution. everywhere the government addresses the problems. Reference the last paragraph and establishment. guaranteeing retirements across the different evolving studies. Expansion and war took place in many different countries and touches everything in the world and the entirety of the 19th century and the growth of political rights with the spread of enlightenment part two. By the end of the century mostly men will be voting.
Economic- Global capitalism and the development of vast machines with different power and utilizing the work of dangerous ideas and economic power houses that still exist today. Ideologies and socialism and marxism begin. Many argue that the government will never help the people even tho that's not always true and often doesn't work and is easily explained with group projects and some do not do better and some do not put in the efforts. New trade patterns also form as well and entirely new states.
Environmental- Coal mining, mining is always bad for the environment as well as pollution and the devastation and preventing further famines and the mini ice ages cease but is greatly negative effects upon the global environment.
Culture- The ideas of enjoying ones self instead of working everyday develops this idea of leisure and that's most accessible by many of the classes and transportations and ideas are brand new with ideas of soccer other sports and creations built of the persons. also Bikes are rights - mrs cone 2020. The creation of suburbs and minor impactions.
Overall a big rail to ride because if you stay on one side you miss out a lot of the changes during the industrial revolution and trying not to tip over to each side. ]]> 2020-11-20 16:38:12 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946004581 IR Game preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946358123 2020-11-20 17:50:57 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946358123 IR game 2 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946360423 2020-11-20 17:51:27 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/946360423 Picture the Place preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/984529604 Geneva, Switzerland
Ingolstadt, germany
Chamonix, France
Orkney Islands, Scotland
Archangel, Russia (Northern Most Point)]]> 2020-12-03 16:46:09 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/984529604 Frankenstein Finale preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1002920967 In the (book) the author, (name), (verb) (subject/character) (verb) (body reasons) (verb) (thematic idea)
Example
In the book Frankenstein,the author Mary Shelly depicts Victor as the true monster of the story through madness and extremism forming the darker personalities in over dedication.
Active
Subject action object
victor shunned the creature]]> 2020-12-09 16:40:55 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1002920967 Finial Prompt preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1003079382 Write an essay that explains how and in what ways victor frankenstein changed

2 traits (body)- Max four
Explain how and why he changed, then bring it back.
Remember Hook /Tagy boi
Introduce
Summarize
thesis

Topic sentences Need to specify , flow logically, in order (start with the order of events and information)
he was this way but blah made him blah
leave the quote and reader alone lmao

]]> 2020-12-09 17:11:46 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1003079382 Europe in the 19th century- Not IR preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1010385300 We already know the IR, romanticism, Russia/Ottomans, Napoleon
The Congress of Vienna after the defeat if napoleon where he had conquered half of europe lmao, ONly a few countries actually participated and decided how europe works between now and the world wars. Lays down a 100 years of rules and policies with Britain, Austria, prussia, and russia. France participated even tho they are the reason they need it. France didnt vote but were included and pitch their ideas but couldnt make the big decisions. convervitisim becomes the ideal of europe aka the philosophy of the day but the leader of austria. France and napoleon bad, any main power bad and change is bad out of fear and they try to balance all the powers to prevent further revolution and say that we oppose change.
New ideas post napoleonic the era of ISMS
Conservatism- the ideals to keep themselves the same, but isn't very sustainable and enlightenment grows despite this.
Classical Liberalism- Constitutions first and that we need to expand voting to more groups with limited governments to meet a general will
Doesnt give everyone rights and prioritizes the middle class or another group, aka give my group rights and results in universal male suffrage
Nationalism- the most powerful ideology that expands further in the 20th century, is not patriotism. it is a part of it but it states that a common group gets to govern itself. Identity based. Pushes unification ad major world changes. Decolonization is a process of nationalism. Potent force meaning action.
Socialism and Marxism-
The belief that someone has to help the social work and is rooted in the IR and talks about the unfase conditions and the various negitive aspects because the worker cannot do it themselves. they agree that is going to have to be the government because they are afraid of the revolution. Started to believe the government could help, but the doesn't agree with enlightenment where the government should stay out. Calls for government help which is what governments do. They cant run the risk fo revolution, which it does but doesn't not achieve equality of the worker.
Marxism- One step futher of socialism,very similar to communism, stating that the government wont do it and will always put owners first, and states that violent revolt is to come, The Communist manifesto believing that the government will always protect the property thinking they cannot do both property and man.
Argues in the working class revolt, or the Dictatorships of the proletariat, over the overthrowing and sharing everything in common to do what is to the best of their ability. Removal of private property thinking it will be international and that all of history is building to this. Advocates atheism and argues that working women are double oppressed, which are both important to 20th century russia.
¨From each according yo his abilities, to each according to his needs.¨

Every revolution fails of this time (1848) and thinks its so incredible and that workers are not in the position to revolt. This is where governments get serious out of fear of what those revolts could've been.
Greece has success but astria prevents this freedom.
Germany Unifies in 1872, and then Italy unifies in 1870.
Non political ideas include CHarles Darwin- evolutionary biology, evolution with biology in a global shock in the cultural and religious groups challenging the bible.
Herbert Spencer applies this to be social darwinism. Some civilizations are strong and will survive and is seen as the reasoning of colonization. THese ideas aren't hated but aren't very inclining
Sigmund Freud questions rationality and the subconscious and modern psychology.
John Stuart Mill utilitarianism, or doing the greatest good for the largest amount of people to help the people.
Medical Revolution including Lister kills germs, Vaccinations, cholera tracing, and development of germ theory. Basic hygiene development.
New Physics with subatomic particles and quantum mechanics with einstein.
Middle class rising and is now running governments, becoming the majority. Ideas of woman staying home emerge and fitting between keeping the home but working to support their family. At the end of the century labour unions begin and gives minor power. Universal men get the right to vote, and women comes soon after in the WW. New art movements with Realism- showing the world in its good bad and ugly. Depicting the world as it is.
The other movement at the end of the 19th century and is a reaction to realism, Impressionism and depiction without camera and what cannot be achieved with cameras.

]]> 2020-12-11 16:39:01 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1010385300 Unification of Germany and Italy preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1010653546 2020-12-11 17:38:08 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1010653546 Realism-Christmas Carol preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1020828986 A creative retelling of the many mind of the time, christmas carol retells of the morality and consequences of the ideas of those in power to better themselves before help everyone else. His social comment is to include the morality of a decision before enacting it, and to better another soul before yourself.]]> 2020-12-15 16:55:59 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1020828986 Imperialism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1056320711 A round two of colonization that can be an complexity of another time point. Looking for new colonies.
Britain couldn't colonize inland africa due to high diseases and horses were killed and fighting was limited to swords and this wasn't viable to the weapons of the african tribes. As european guns developed they took out many africans and lots of fighting. Africa and asian was becoming colonies of europe and other asian powers. Small numbers of britain has a power of control and ruling through natives and higher powers of indian or african societies, and threatening with advanced weaponry to ideal rule indirectly.
Sometimes african adaption and european modernization to fight the european flowers and lead to more control, but these areas lack financial supply.
Shaped a lot of our modern functions.

A return to building empires, we don't control directly but africa's heart, south asia, south eastern asia and australia are remotely controlled by european powers. From depleting mongols and other power its an easy opportunity.
Causes//Motives
Economic- Impulses and tied to the industrial revolution, markets for industrial goods and separating other sources to set in markets to limit economic competition.
Gold rushes in africa america and australia, as well as a diamond rush in africa
Political- Empire building, moving nation states to empires, showing nation power.
Cultural justification- aka racism and concepts of white advancement, and that some societies are to be ran over and submitted. Claims that an industrial revolution is scientific.
Missionaries- David livingston gets one convert of a king that later deconverted when applied, interior africa wasn't big on religious impact to go and spread their beliefs.
Western Nationalism- States exert power and strive to be competitive
Industrial revolution- Tools to empire building including communication tech, telegraph, railroads, photography, military advancements (machine guns), steamships, canals. (Non Rev)- Quinine, and a medical development to help lower the effects of malaria. Not amazing but a edge for their survival, and wouldn't kill the british. From inc an persons.

Humanitarian- making lives better, but more on the selfish sides of their people, not a main power push.
Scientific Exploration- and the mapping of interior africa, which was unknown, and advancement with unknown materials.
Note the ¨White Mans Burden¨ and its sarcasm in justifying land grabs in anyway possible that doesn't matter to those in power.

]]> 2021-01-05 16:39:37 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1056320711 Causes/Comparisons of Colonizing and Imperialism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1056535119 Cultural political technology and intellectual movements and leading states. ]]> 2021-01-05 17:21:40 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1056535119 African Imperialism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1063961164 1810 is a scientific interest as well as abolitionist ideas creating interest of africa and the internal functions and living. By 1914, only two placed remain free, liberia (carved out state for freed persons ito return to their original space.) and ethiopia (from the italians) . Some areas keep their governments and economy but aren't completely free.
the Congress of berlin ramps up the african interest point and germany felt left out of their empire, lacking the power to create influence and created this meeting to set rules. Wasn't taken seriously and they agree to the rules to prevent a war that just fuels and empire building. Motive is german feeling out empired.
Decolonization is difficult with large immigration due to their implemented european persons due to their grip on the region such as Kenya and Algeria with a much more violent revolution.
Identify the main ideas of placing but not all of it. ]]> 2021-01-07 16:40:04 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1063961164 Kenya Case Study preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064033318 Kenya was a main social and economic hub for africa, and utilized the indian rupee as its main currency. Lead to easy accsess of surrounding regions such as buganda and uganda to lead to further colonies. A hut tax was utilized to prioritize the euro as a main currency and motivate workers to become cheap labor for the british to establish railroads and easier access from europe as well as to other regions that like kenya were resource rich.
A major response of the native kenyan was the mau mau revolt that lead to the already established military fighting british authority and being temporarily successful before britain responded with harsher conditions and the Hola Massacre, where many kenyans were detained and unpaid as well as being labels as unknowing native savages and a much stronger racist presence in the form of ¨colonial rehabilitation process[es]¨, as well as the chuka massacre where 20 unarmed civilians were killed for being in a african military group and suspected for being involved in previous revolts.]]> 2021-01-07 16:53:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064033318 Egypt Case Study preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064170990 Economic control similar to china's division of influence and latin american influence from america.
The khedive, muhammad ali, had freed egypt from the ottoman empire after motivation from napoleon. He starts modernization here to bring his country to compete with the british and french. Has reform in education, politics and wants to fully industrialize their cotton manufacturing as they are already producing the best cotton, but not on wide scale because britain doesn't want the competition as they have control over these areas, but instead accept the cotton raw and becomes dependant on british supply the economy and they influence egypt because they dont want to lose the cotton market. They cannot modernize but politics is now including british power.
The Suez canal to the indian ocean decreases travel times intensely and the british don't want to lose this short cut to india. (french over saw the construction) and Queen victoria controls 2/3 and controlling interest to the suez canal. British builds many supportive pieces such as rails roads and electrical generation. ]]> 2021-01-07 17:19:06 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064170990 South Africa Case Study preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064219372 The British want to connect south africa and egypt and (cecil Roads) constructed it along the side of all the british colonies. Dutch has small control already here controlling the india ocean to have a stopping off place. Known as the Boers. The zulu community was a native farming and animal raising group that was upset and sought for land during a major drought in their regions. and sent the to reservation similar to american reserves with native americans and a resettlement process, and while britain does this they remove the dutch to the great trek where the dutch was forced to these lesser lands. Cecil roads over saw the mineral extraction from these areas of african to diamond and gold veins, with a major economic motive. The Boers push back during the Boer war, which is seen as a warm up for world war 1 that uses modern weaponry, and is european versus european. Winston Churchill is dispatched to cover these weapons writing of how bad these weapons are. After this war the capital in 1900 becomes a formal colony. ]]> 2021-01-07 17:28:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064219372 French Case Study-- Ivory Coast preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064266567 This region was taken up by the french due to its coastal location and an easy acess point toward the center of africa and other french colonies. The colony became self sustaining without much control from mainland france, but easily benefitted the french opposed towards the native africans that were discriminated and received less in earnings and needs. Main motive for the region was access to other colonies as well as large natural resources that created a stable market place and became one of the hubs for french colonists. Non french persons were held to a lessor standard and could not be place in high positions of power as that could threaten french control, côte d´ivoire wasn't as disturbed as other regions by native but had general dislike from natives but not much resistance occurred until after world war one. ]]> 2021-01-07 17:37:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064266567 French Case Study - Algeria preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064330561 Main factors, Lots of settlers with very difficult decolonization, secondly this is a violent city take over and is warfare from the french with land seizure, kidnapping, destruction of property, much more aggressive than other colonization, and is a much more aggressive decolonization. Direct control and harsh treatment.]]> 2021-01-07 17:49:25 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064330561 Belgium Case Study- The Conco preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064348863 A fairly new country new to empire building and focusing areas in the congo, which belonged the the king of belgium who commited great crimes and motivated the congress of berlin and took it away from him personal. Rubber is a large resource and motivation as this area has one of the largest reserves of rubber. Great crimes were continued in this region due to the killing and removal of unwilling african hands. ]]> 2021-01-07 17:52:48 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1064348863 Asian ´Spheres of Influence´ preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1074903623 China is dived under areas of influence of the western powers telling the chinese what to do from diplomatic, social, economic and political aspects. Not a colony but a sphere of influence.
Though most questioned the progression of western evolvement and japan was seen as a good model for this to the west but began their own empire building which was not ideal for the other eastern countries. Attacking religion and pushing out eastern values shook the societies and transition has to be done from within. Many thought the west did not include enough spirituality and soulful aspects, and modern society was built of the ¨cult of money¨.
The Dutch supported in the Spice Islands, or Indonesia, with control beginning of the 1600s and the only ones that traded with japan. further in the lose power of the trade systems and have control over Indonesia until world war 2.
They began very standoff and distant but while the other countries begin to empirebuild they involve into the area, and surprisingly adopt the regional culture with more indigenous clothings instead of forcing the peoples. Politically end up in power, but religion, living and other culture wasn't forced.
The French had an area know as French Indochina including Vietnam, cambodia and loubs which all have violent revolts later.
The french gain full control over the area and are suppressive of the original persons. The grip on these colonies later begins world involvement. Religion isn't fully embraced but did create a sizeable population.
The British in India, or South Asia, Previously under the Moguls they led the westerns set up costal trade cities, which set them up for the cities gaining political control. The British East India company begins to run the country, a economic trade value gets political control. The Moguls dont want to face war and just accept the strange company indirectly ruling the country. The economic value is what matters and other aspects are uninvolved and they go along with the company. BEI expands further in, but culture and religion is kept as it is. ¨We are not missionaries, we are businessmen.¨. Sepoys begin a revolution to the western imperialism and is most iconic, and comparable to the Boxers.
The BEI created a military force to maintain power that was half locals (Sepoys) and british mercenaries. The Sepoy got higher education, better housing, and let in the the elite aspects of society. [In the 19th century a rumor begins that the ammunition is packed in animal fat, the sepoy are mostly hindu which see this as polluting and against their perception in religion, This is not true but the decide the company has crossed a line.]
Both sides commit bad acts to a point that the official british army enters, and the BEI loses control and independence is in sight, it is lost when British makes them a full colony. Queen victoria is the empress of India and it is a crown jewel of the British Empire. ¨Introducing British Culture¨
Direct control begins. The former Moguls want access to this government and the British let them serve if they take a test, that is only available in London. These people claim themselves as the Indian National Congress, or the INC. THe INC says they're kinda okay with being a colony but want more of those benefits, and britain says they'll be fine, and frustration increases. The British become one step behind. Lots of new government begins.
Independent region: Siam , or Modern Thailand was a buffer region preventing the europeans from fighting. The leader took advantage of this and conversed with western powers to modernize without threat of the Europeans.
The USA, practicing in ¨Manifesting Destiny¨, and empire building claiming for land, and claiming North America as the Influencing power and had economic control of the region. American companies controlled the interest as of the Monroe Doctrine. Alaska from Russia, and the Louisiana Purchase. The Spanish-American War leading to Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines. A college board reference, in the northern US the Ghost Dance, or the Lakota Tribe preformed this dance formed over many different tribes to relieve the American increasing and was a defined resistance, which then it became banned by the american people. The Lakota refused due to the reservation system away from original land. Cultural Control over powered them and two conflicts began, Leading to the death of Sitting Bull and many Lakota tribes men had died. The dance didnt stop but had become a less public practice.
Australia, discovered in the 1700s by James Cook, and it is a very far away land, but America had become independent and their georgia colony, prisoner holding colony was lost. Due to increasing of prisons they send them to Australia. Not as much an empire building it becomes a forced migration attempt. If someone was sent to australia the family was forever separated. Separated disease began similar to the early inner africa. Records were lost, but many couldn't make money and becomes a rough uncontrolled colony, until gold is discovered. The previously unwanted region became a luring area creating a new gold rush, just like in america and south africa. Moving from prisoner colony to settler colony.
The gold rush becomes a beginning to Australian Nationalism. ]]> 2021-01-11 16:37:34 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1074903623 British T-Chart preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1075161819 Good:
Safety and less dangerous routes and traversing through the country was achieved
Unification through Britains ¨One Law¨ system that all groups had abided by, which previous was unobtainable, and the worst punishment of the Indian law were replaced and less damaging punishments began to be put in place.
Grand emplacements of roads and travels were put in-place connecting the furthest areas of India since most of india's transport was seasonal due to rains or droughts.
The enforcement of english also brought a linga franca to the region as many practiced different languages.

Bad:
Large amounts of discrimination towards the native Indians, women and religious minorities had increased due to British involvement leading to less success in government, and social class of natives compared the the British that prioritized themselves and took less care to the lives of Indians.
Freedom of press and publications of native anti-British writers and companies were very limited and unfavorable publications were taken down and organizes became under threat.
Economic levels became clear and many that didnt full involve in the British system became limited in ability to purchase and sustain their families. ]]> 2021-01-11 17:20:59 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1075161819 Assigning Blame preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1091924433 D1- Germany Consuming Europe
D2- Both England and Germany, but mostly germany predicted to cause more damage
D3-Germany, likely to agitate the workings of Russia
D4-Austria declaring war upon russia
D5- Russia continues to support the serbs
D6- Germany blames austria, then invades belgium and declares war upon france
D7- Germany questions france, france stands with russia and begins to mobilize
D8- Germany once again, britain joins standing with russia
D9- Serbian nationalist terrorist groups form
D10- The Black Hand continues to grow and wont hesitate towards any opposing powers
D11-Austria-Hungary blames serbia for being oppressed.
D12- Serbia wont suppress themselves and germany is upset about that and fights them
D13- Serbia says no again and wont fight with them
D14- Serbia removes austrian propaganda
D15- France does want to fight bc its stupid
D16- Peace is sought but germany says naw
D17- Germany thought they were cool and dies]]> 2021-01-15 16:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1091924433 WWI preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1092019134 WW started with many different viewpoints after it began with all european powers keeping distance from each other, Splendid Isolation, US thought of this was a family feud and european situations so far west and east powers stay out.
Colonies seen this as ¨The fall of the Eagles¨, a reap what you sow situation.
British saw as the war to end all wars to set up a new balance of powers.
USA thought keep the world safe for democracy.
Causation:
Militarism, very advanced built up militaries with an arms race within european countries. This technology takes time to roll out you have to quickly mobilize so you're not weeks behind and snowballing events. Based on production britain and france would win.
Alliances, Europe divides into two camps, Russia France and Britain (France and Britain are in a enemy of my enemy is my friend situation, British and Russia are cousins)
The other group being Germany, Austria (germanic holy roman empire) and Italy (just wanting to find a place, but switches sides.)
Later these groups evolve to Britain Russia France USA Italy and Japan against Germany Austria Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.
The central powers ceant win a two front war fighting against French and Russia, one or the other is possible as they have more men that france and more advancements than Russia (who has intense man power). The germans believe that russia will be slow to the war so they can fight france before russia.
Imperialism, Rising conflicts from empire building from carving out the whole world only leaving europe left
Nationalism, The colonies are expected to come to the need of the mother country and the Nationalism of becoming your own country as many places try to claim their own power sparking the war.
The Power Led, Balkans of Europe want independence during the Balkan Crisis. It was well known that war was coming from this area and was waiting for a large battle with the arms intensity here.

The Spark, The Black Hand was increasing their power and attacked the austrians to force a move. The Black Hand kills the Archduke, Franz Ferdinand, a royal prince that wont be in power. While going through a new city the Black hand Gavrilo Princip kills The prince and sophie, the wife.
The first assassin misses and is capture, but continue to parade and reach an intersection and shoots both of them.
Austria wants to go after serbia with extreme demands in 48 hours. A huge gamble is taken as russia stands close to protect serbia. Austria convinces germany who issues the Blank Check where germany will defend them. Germany frankly does care about the situation but sees this as an aggressive moment to empire build within their own country.
Germany is so excited to go to war to expand and they develop the ¨Schlieffen Plan¨ On attack france within 60 days. designed to eliminate france by avoiding the main border and paris has to fall in 60 days by going through belgium. Belgium says they aren't a road but gets stepped on. If Paris is not taken in 60 days the war is lost. The first try takes 35 days only to claim belgium and russia is immediately at germany.
Note the Guns of August.
The war is over but germany refuses to note this.
Following with the plan belgium fought back and took a 30 day fight and tries britain into the war due to belgium's overrunning which is concerning as britain rules the seas and has a large connection.
Large drafting in france germany and austria, where as britain has recruitment.
Many believed the war would be over quickly and russia mobilized as quickly as possible before america joins. Germany cant win with the previous notions let alone british in the west.
After the plan fails attrition begins with the germans that drains german sources.
The western front includes the battle of the the Marne where they meet the french. French soldiers would take taxi and other transportation to the german front. Not a war of movement with hundreds of trench. Trenches gradually develop more covering with areas to eat and sleep.
Assignments were 4-6 months and may were rotated in and out, working and living lead to shellshock and trench foot from constant attacks as decaying conditions. High casualty and low success.
Note Hitler was against trench fighting when he got into power.
Trench Warfare physically alters the land with landmines and flame throwers.
Note- shellshock is PTSD before the term was coined
Eastern Front is much less trench warfare and is greatly traditional.
Battle of Gallipoli within the ottoman empire is where the british increase pressure in the east to force more troops in the ottoman empire so there's less in france. The Anzac afre new zealand troops invading the peninsula distracting the ottomans. They had lost but wanted to continue to bother the ottomans and start an uprising in the ottoman empire as they are controlling the israeli region and cause an arab uprising that aren't ottoman people. This leads to the ottoman having to internally focus.
The british confirm the independence of the state who have been under ottoman control forever, but the british divide the territory diverting the ottomans.
Russia is quickly involved and the Tsar goes to the front line to avoid domestic problems at home.
A possible third font in the colonies leading to colonist fighting for the country after fighting for their independence among other battles and decolonization. German colonies and island fight but much less.
The finial front is at sea. The British have the best naval efficiency in the world with the new dreadnaught, and the germans created submarines that unnotified sunk ships. Which is a war crime the german dont care about. This action angers the western powers for many reasons including commercial and passive persons.
Civilians were brought down by U Boats and the western used bockages in germany food supplies in Total War. A passenger ship that sunk in this was the Lusitania, with warning that any boat could be sunk, on the claim of possible war materials which was true from the neutral american suppliers.
America was based on a isolationist culture as europe burns down after lots of anger from the sinking of the Lusitania. The pushing point is the Zimmerman Note from German to Mexico intercepted by the british and decoded.
German notes to continue to sink ships even tho the america could join in the war and german will supply them if they fight with america and reclaim texas and other states. America declares war and sends man to fight with healthier fresh troops. America fights in the same conditions but aren't as fatigued.
Women form a large role with the slack they pick up at home and women came into the public sphere and do the jobs of men while they are at war farming, food supply, buying bonds, supplying war materials and heavy machinery,
Lots of military support as nurses and drivers. Russian women fought in this war. Women also served as spies and when men rotates back in and would listen in on gossip and provided thousands of dispacts to the germany.
New Industrial Technology includes Tanks that can protect men from land mines, barbed wire and other traps.
U-Boats,
Airplanes that had bent blades that were not protected and did low level bombings without radios.
Zeppelins were large helium filled bombers that were easily destroyed.
Grenade launchers lead to distanced fighting and safer demolition
Flame throwers,
Poison Gas,
Machine Gun,

]]> 2021-01-15 17:02:29 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1092019134 Modernist Writing preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1114863491 Modernist- decay and growing and alienation of individualism, mostly male
Tone- Capitalist antagonistic towards old ideals
Male Authors cynical combative bleak angry frustrated with female authors that are determined authentic.
Disillusioned-disappointed in someone or something that discovers the negative parts of the world]]> 2021-01-22 16:48:44 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1114863491 Twist- Anthem for a Doomed Youth preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1114908748 T- Mournful, yet disappointed, serious but not stern
W- Descriptive and detailed, but realistic without over dramatization, accurate and sorrowful.
I- War, firearms, destructive weaponry as well as gloomy poor young men that were not prepared.
S- As if it wasn't true, almost musical in layout,
T- War is damaging to every part of oneself and brings unpredicted outcomes]]> 2021-01-22 16:58:12 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1114908748 TWIST 2 Poems preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1127834083 2021-01-26 17:07:23 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1127834083 Lil Notes on Poetry preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1137306621 Quatrain- grouping of 4 lines, alternating rhyme
Tercet- three lined often all rhyme or mirror another tercet
Couplet- two consecutive lines that have a complete thought or idea
Stanzas are often marked by an idea

]]> 2021-01-28 16:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1137306621 I AM Poem preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1149628950 2021-02-01 16:33:43 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1149628950 Wrapping Up WWI preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1149647412 Collapse of the central powers-
When the US arrives more men and enthusiasm enters in and the central powers are having inner troubles.
Bad harvests in bulgaria and for two winters have bad weathers and ability to feed troops lowers, internally weakening them.
The Ottomans have to redirect their attention to the palestine people revolt sponsored by the british. The Palestine wont receive their own land, but makes the ottomen abandon the war.
Austrian empire falls apart and refuses to continue fighting with all the european countries and german become alone in the war.
Germany's hope is the in 1917 Russia has two revolutions to remove themselves from the war to attend domestic problems. The treaty of Brest-Litovsk where land is lost, and a basic treat of surrender.
basically the war goes on another year with russia leaving the war.

Total War- where battlefront and homefront battles occurred.
battles were nott fought here but materials and production was focused on war. Luxuries were closed. Care for children and elderly became a large problem.
Personal issues and the community was forced to drop and redirect, but later became a more tense social aspect of the war.
Inflation over took lots of the homefront as food supply and blocking of neutral countries brought more down. Food became ever increased and may items were not taxed and brought a heavier class difference for europe. Russia moved many out of their houses and consumed or burnt all left over resources. Growing images and footage became available and brought new light to the war. 2M houses were burned. As war expanded so did the home fronts and more countries brought more suffering and unfair treatment of the inner persons as care giving and death took more and more lives. Many civilians revolted on the inside and fought against their country as the battlefront keep going.
1919 Treaty of Versailles vastly limited German and their ability to produce war related materials. The middle east was taken as mandates.
German scuttles most of their navy, German tries the manage the surrender to better their situation, just to lose lots of their workings. A very systematic approach.
The 1918 Flu pandemic affected those who returned home to their home countries and exponentially kills the people in a 2 1/2 year pandemic.
At Nov (11), 11 at the 11 hour German declares the war over, this is veterans day. The ruler leaves German and had to cobble some government to handle peace. Wiener is the new government made to handle to solve the war.
Roughly 6 million soldiers died on the from and 12 million brought back serious injury with possibly over 20 million with PTSD.
Hidden in WWI is the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman empire. The ottomans and modernly turkey denies its happening, but 2133190 christian Armenians went to 387,800 from 1914 to 1922 with forced marches and shootings.
The power meet in Paris for the treaty of Versailles. Mostly ran by the USA, France, UK, and Italy (which is mostly left out). This is notable in WWII where they cant flip to the other side again. These three groups all have different goals,
France wants money to repair their entire country and want harsh treatment against German including materials and reparations as well as crushing their military. The British don't mind as much in want is owed, but agrees. The US wants peace without victors and don't want german to feel destroyed. The 14 points are formed and wants every to get along naively. main notes:
Return territory,
Break up serbia, poland, austria-hungary and the Ottomans,
Decolonization, and mostly
A League of Nations.
France agrees the the league of nations if german has to paid. German calls in the Dictated treaty. Wilson starts the league of nations, but doesnt even join.
Its predicted the this treaty will lead to a new war soon. It wasn't planned to last.
League of nations without Russia american or german.
France gets an industrial area back, german colonies are lost, military and naval was vastly removed in germany. Limited their service to 1 year. German is forced to pay to, but the amount is not negotiated.
Article 231, The War Guilt Cause: German had to take full responsibility for the war.
This pushed germany over the edge and upset the people and is exploited by Hitler in WWII.
Impacts;Issues
Governments become more controlling with censorship, fear of spies etc.
Women's suffrage
Calls for decolonization
Physical destruction
German outrage
League of Nations
Long worker hours;rebuilding efforts
Flu pandemic
Bolshevik Revolution
Shortages, Rationing
Collapse of governments in russia, germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman.
Armenian Genocide.
The US benefits from all of this in the Roaring 20s but europe cant escape through this for years with no release.

]]> 2021-02-01 16:36:38 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1149647412 Russian Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1160005994 During WWI, and lengthens the attrition process.
zemstvos- small social groups that ran the country better tbh
Last Tsar is nicholas II, who is an absolutism leader who would fit in many centuries and sees himself as a divine right of kings and to have ultimate power. Generally tolerated but never truly liked. Oversees industrial revolution but mishandles of revolutions.
On the eve of the war political satisfaction increases and voting was limited and unpurposeful. Growing working class is upset and continues to fight against mistreatment. Social uproar also grows. very small amount of people are truly benefitting from society.
The Russo-Japanese war added much more upset at the leadership of nicholas and lose spectacularly.
1905 revolution, bloody sunday, about the loss of the war, the government, and working conditions. This is a peaceful protest, and the Tsar calls for them to shoot to kill, leading to the revolution of 1905. ]]> 2021-02-03 17:30:42 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1160005994 Russian Revolution 2 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169097258 After Bloody Sunday become a russian revolution and a warm up for the later events. Stupid man shuts down the country and may begin to starve and jobs are lost. No jobs no work no food. Shows the old idealism wont work in this modern era.
The October Manifesto, where most of the year nothing is done, concessions begin and a assembly is created, the duma, and local governments begin to have power. Shorter hours better pay begin. This is very exciting even though its long over due, and become smoke and mirrors. The Duma was ignored though elected, rights weren't ever put through, laws still had to go past him, and works and peasants needs were unmet. He wont limit his power. Local power never materializes. Increases antagonism towards him. Alexandria works with ¨crazy¨ Rasputin, working as a mysterial magic man, and works his way into high society. One day at the palace alexi falls and may cause his laugh, and Rasputin works with the boy and like nothing happened hes healed. She believes that hes the secret to healing him and he begins to control the power. Rasputin manipulates the country for his own needs and adds to the governments doubts. A conspiracy group believes to kill rasputin to free the monarchy and they poison and shoot at him and jumps into a river where his body is found from breaking a rock. The practical reality of russia is falling apart. As WWI begins, russia breaks further, Their large amounts of meet are an infinite supply but they are not prepare and cost for war is extremely high. In 1918 they want to leave the war for Peace land and bread.
The full russian revolution begins in 1917 february, people are once again peaceful protesting on international women's day over the war. Once again not knowing what to do the Tsar calls to kill, but the soldiers side with the people. When this happens he advocates the throne and offers it to his brother. They flee, and no other country given his refuge. Kerensky steps into power. Peace land bread fuck the government. He ignores the people, not getting them out of the war and does very little out of voting rights. The usa and french perspective think this is good and kerensky cater to the other countries. People hear that he doesn't care, and that someone else will. Vladimir Lenin, Founder of Bolshevism, or communism. Not marxist but anarchist. Known intellectual radical and was exiled from russia. Creates new marxism, to benefit him. Intellectually the workers ally. Living in german, the germans sneak him back to russia to cause difficulty in russia and divert them from the war. Lenin meets with Trotsky who has been leading the workers movement to kick out kerensky, phase 2 begins.
The Bolshevik revolution leads to lenin being in power, The communist control a large part of land, and the ¨Whites¨ are everyone else and usa and england help the whites, then just leave because the people are unaligned. Introduces war communism- total war, nationalized lands, factorized, Cheka secret police, and takes over heavy industry. Everyone hates this tbh.
After running to the country the previous royal family was assassinated against lenin. Anesthesia is debated to have survived and many people falsely claim to be the lost princess. Historian believe she was a maid of the family along with many others through the years.
Lenin Policy-
-Leaves WWI Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
-Relaxes war communism
-NEP New Economic Policy
where he allows private land, and aims to keep the industry ¨Commanding heights¨, and sets quotas and above that becomes profit. The faster you reach the quota, the faster everything's yours.
Slow grind to Grow.
-USSR with smaller other nations
-Equality of Women
-Untouched religion
--Not Marxist
In 1924 Lenin dies over 9 months. Until 1927 its unknown who will rule, and everyone assumes it will be Trotsky, lenin's right hand man with a military working class plan.
Stalin is rough crude and from the country works under Lenin, no one thinks he'll make it. The communist commit was going to vote.
Stalin was the one responsible for money control to build a bridge or something. Stalin cut deals with everyone to bait them with funds. Trotsky runs to mexico and works with young communist party while stalin kinda hunts him down.
Once an enemy of stalin, always an enemy of stalin.
Stalin Policy-
-5 Year Plans
-5 Year Heavy Industry Quotas, most were not met and were difficult to meet.
- Seeks to compete with the West
-Because of this the great depression doesn't affect them
With this idea he collective farmland
;Collectivization. Working hard got them nothing bleh.
Kulak said they'd just die and lead to a forced famine and starts exporting to the west and creates a ukrainian genocide. This is millions of people killed for not handing in their land.
Creates a cultive personality about him, and only allows selective idealism art. Only one newspaper is allowed, and Stalin controls it all.
Social Policy-
-Increased equality of women, overwhelming women giving them double work and their public rule
-Formal Atheism and shuts down churches
-Worker gernal benefits
-Education growth
-Training
-Economic isolation
Stalin's revealed that his paranoia is against his control, and the purges or Darkness at Noon, begin and millions of millions of people are abducted were killed. Wealthy supporters, thinkers, artist, musicians were killed or chased out of the country. Gulags began and work without pay camps. Most people disappear here. the only ones that survive are those that outlive stalin in 1953. This counties till his death and through WWII.

]]> 2021-02-05 16:39:45 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169097258 SPEC French//Russian Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169399965 Social-
France- Similar Starts with war, Focus on women, Middle class oriented, everyone hates the man in power, More bread
Russia- Starts during war, Focus on women, Working class oriented, everyone hates the Tsar. Give bread,
Political-
France- New government and republic, Not as motivate to avoid war, mixed, previous leader killed by last leader
Russia- Anything else than the current situation, Wanted out of the war, Isolationist, previous leader killed against last leader
Economic-
France- Mixing with countries, Recover economy, heal debt, private factories
Russia- Isolationist, Rebuild then jump ahead and compete, controlled by Lenin
Cultural-
France- Mutual rights, religion exists ig,
Russia- Mutual rights, Religious freedom was taken]]> 2021-02-05 17:37:09 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169399965 Leaders Compare preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169459981 Social
Lenin- freeish speech, women's equality, liked,
Stalin- Busy work, women equality
Political, hated, Genocide of ukrainians
Lenin- Against killing previous leader
Stalin- Hunted down trotsky
Economic
Lenin- Control factories, private land, NEP
Stalin- Quotas and heavy overproduction, collectivism , 5-year plan,
Cultural
Lenin- religion exist
Stalin- its all atheistic]]> 2021-02-05 17:48:37 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1169459981 World War II preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259331262 More a road less reason but more complicated and easily could've taken another path. Slow boil.
Italy's sad and mad while germany is dissatisfied. The league of nations is weak without power or military and cannot accurately and efficiently prevented war.
The german Weimar is constantly in trouble as a baby republic that were handed all the responsibilities in german history but they did not have time to create a government with party development.
Problems include:
Corruption
Funneled funds, ignoring the regular person
unhandled social power
prevent communism and revolt
massive reparations (55B)
This leads the the Weimar saying they will not pay anymore and france is like umh WHAT and weimar cant give money out.
If not paid france promises to invade germany Ruhr valley crisis, not an invasion for land but an invasion for resources including coal and iron. payments were paid twice a day with apples costing millions, money become useless, completely ruining the money system.
They cancel the mark system and it is called a peg to level out the economic situation and slows inflation but destroys the middle class. Not a hard sell the weimar are hated.
The Us helped germany by loaning the money for reparations so many countries can kick start their economy.
France is worried about an aggressive germany and sets the Maginot Line where french and german tensions grow. Belgium gets stomped again.
Failed Peace Efforts:
Locarno Pact and Kellogg-Briand to outlaw war, where if someone violates this you can only go to war. People are missing the real problems.
The Great Depression, does not affect Russia, begins in America.
The idea to outpay the depression, which doesnt work and only world war II gets us out. American banks call in those loans from europeans so the money returns to the country, which spreads the great depression if german has no money neither does france or britain and if britain doesn't have money no one does.
Rise of Fascism-
Form of conservative government with great control over their people with censorship, limited speech, specific social standards.
Creates Ultra-nationalism rides the tide of popular opinion power is gained legally and benefit disenchanted persons and exercise totalitarianism (umbrella term). Stalin is still secluded lmao.
Franco is a warm up for WWII. Hitler tried to illegal take over from a military take over and writes a book call My Struggle about how military takeovers dont work and those leaders are bad ig and spends five years getting power legally. The Communists are coming, in an emergency the assembly could vote a leader in and amass followers and gets power.
has germany recover faster. Hirohito, emperor of japan has totalitarianism ideas of japanese expansion. ]]> 2021-03-02 16:37:22 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259331262 Totalitarianism Notes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259635924 2021-03-02 17:27:30 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259635924 WWII Pt 2 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259695057 Militarism creates the idea of being a good member of the state.
Italy invades Ethiopia, a colony that defeated italy previously and his son lived in texas. No war yet because no one wants WWII and not taking action yet starts further problems.
Japan invades Manchuria, not on the same page of europe but is greatly economically pushed to be aggressive. when great depression hits the economic relationships fails and they invade to take resources.
Japan invades China in 1937 and commits the Rape of Nanking, a genocide of Chinese people and its peoples after they surrendered.
Germany invades Rhineland in 1936, which is already owned by them tbh but is a DMZ and everyone says Germany no but Hitler does it anyway because no one wants another war. German knows everyone will avoid war rather than stop him. Us neutrality and has no taste to participate in war. Hitler annexes Aeschylus, aka Austria because they used to be the holy roman empire. He pressures him the become the same country. Basically trying to create a German state, know as the Sudetenland, a mountain land of Czechoslovakia ¨may only intent is german state¨ says hitler unconvincingly. Appeasement policy forms and england and france meets with hitler in the Munich agreement where they appease hitler but giving him the land, Hitler still claims to just one a german state and makes this speech ¨Now we have peace in our time, Herr Hitler is a man we can do business with¨, Hitler stomps them and takes over poland , Poland is the line in the sand, where czech is concerned why they dont matter as much :(
Two front war continues yet again, Pact of steel with italy to ally, and the Non-aggression pact with stalin, meaning Russia gets some of poland for free where Hitler has one front and the war starts in Poland sep 1 1939.]]> 2021-03-02 17:37:19 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1259695057 Invasion of Poland WWII Cont. preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1269967857 Once russia's out of the war hitler takes action. Being against attrition and trenches he created the blitzkrieg, air force bombers that obliterate towns and tanks come in during the chaos. ]]> 2021-03-04 16:38:29 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1269967857 Battles preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270254322 2021-03-04 17:26:40 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270254322 WWII Battle overview preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270257638 phony war until 1940, nothing activity happens while everyone is armed without fighting.
Germans invade belgium to break this pause and in 6 days belgium falls and france is slow to meet this border and swing around and germans enter france, cutting french troops and british troops off preparing to invade dunkirk. British are trapped on the beaches, britain evacuates and many are saved and live to fight another day. Leaves france without supply and squash german troops and 1940 france surrenders fearing extensive costs and march into paris. The war feels over as poland belgium and france fall to hitler. France is split to occupied and puppet government of the nazis. The pacific conflict begins to join as japan's be increasingly aggressive and wants back up from german troops. Hitler is hungry for britain as it is an island with the largest navy, the Blitz caused mass movement of children from the cities and britain succeed and their airforce out preforms and staggers hitler. Lots of americans fought with the british. Britain stand alone and begins technology advancements. The US signs the atlantic charter for plans when we win the war and reflects wilson's 14 points and planning to rebuild the war. In 1941 Hitler choses to violent the non aggression pact and invades russia through poland, and they think they can defeat russia in the winter and the west looks for a way in, entering through african. Italy is just kinda there and hitler sends troops to italy. Britain secured a line in north africa to enter italy and russia joins the allies. the US joins in 1941 and wants to fight japan but stalin makes the US create a two front war. in 1944 Rome is taken and chaos is found with mess starvation and murder and D-Day begins and almost all of france is reclaimed and the march to paris begins and Russia begins to enter through poland. 1944 Paris is liberated and Hitler retreats through europe where the battle of the bulge where the worst winter is fought and hitler's last stand happens against the british french and america. The peace and post war ideas being to form, and thinks about how to correctly end the European war and divide german between the main allies and reconstitute them. The March to german reveals the horrors and the mass unburied graves and genocide, while others the german escaped before the americans arrive causing mass chaos and relocation. Russia arrives the bury the body and in 1945 the european aspect of the War ends.

]]> 2021-03-04 17:27:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270257638 Pacific Arc preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270387913 Japan literally consumes the pacific ocean and almost captures australia, Pear Harbor brings in america into the war after they previously were already looking for a reason to join and this does fine.
Many are lost and japanese intelligence is wrong and the aircraft carriers were not there, but battleships were taken out.
The Philippines are lost, Bataan british men are put onto a death march.
Battle of Midway looses many of japanese surprise attacks and the Battle of Coral bay prevented the expansion to Australia and the Japanese empire is pushed back down in 1945. Second peace conference of Potsdam were the cold war forms here and ]]> 2021-03-04 17:49:54 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1270387913 WWII Results preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1330276067 20 Million death in the USSR alone, massive disruption and confusion.
WWII Has massive human dislocation of homes being lost, destroyed, taken but another family or government.
The US and the USSR emerged as the global superpowers that determine politics and the cold war quickly begins. Unlike WWI no peace treaty is signed and the allies try not to make the same mistakes and while they wait the USA and USSR try to make the same decisions and the cold war will last until 1989 with many global conflicts. Even tho it was avoided german is split up and wasn't planning to be permanent by cobbling together a new country. Stalin tries to keep his part and makes it clear that he is keeping his region and will not let himself be invaded again. German division until 1989 and russia keeps eastern german all the way through.
League of Nations 2.0 forms and the UN forms with actual power. Every nation is within the general assembly and the 5 nations hold the highest power, the allies, USA USSR France China and UK.
They have many different councils establishing rights and military. German cant join but is planned to joint in later years.
War Crime trials include trails against many nazi scientist where 24 are signed for trials but many escape or die. An attempt in taken in german and japan to hold them accountable.
The Space Race also forms along with whole new weaponry and wondering if these weapons can be put into space and that power would completely tip power. Russia almostly completely wins until 1961 where america actually funds efforts. Everything you understand about the world is uncertain.
Early computer technology is formed and Admiral Grace Hopper forms COBOL with the Colossus.
Decolonization begins where some independence is fast, others much slower and more violent.
Lots of what should've happen for WWI finally happens.
Technology from WWII Is long lasting and may forms of these developments continue through the cold war and even today.]]> 2021-03-19 15:34:28 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1330276067 Chinese Revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1330383844 1911 Dr Sun Yat Sen goes into power after the dynasties systems fails because not other dynasty takes to power. His new plan creates a republic with elections and everything the west likes with nationalism and democracy and getting back to chinese people running the country of ya know china. He has no plan only great ideas and enters the warlord era where he is in charge but has very little power and has only spread the idea for many to take up themselves so states form and a known warlord is Yuan Shi-Kai, claiming land and creating his own mini government. China does get anything from WWII due to no center power and the young adults take to the streets and protest and fight for a united and serious movement. Communism isn't even an idea here.
The leadership agrees that china must become reunited and they don't know who will do the united, sadly Sun Yat Sen dies too early.
Jiang Jieshi ( Chiang Kai-Shek) the heir of Sun Yat Sen and very nationalist.
Another leader, the head of mini communism with Mao Zedong and both men agree to work together and the cause of chinese unification was more important than placing a leader and nationalism and communism unite somehow. The two sides have a common enemy to defeat the warlords. Mao lets the nationalist rise to power and become the leading party, and promises Mao a seat at the charging table due to their assistance. This becomes a lie and their party get zero power and turns on them by hunting down the communists in ¨The Long March¨. Mao and his followers hide into the mountains and many are killed by the troops. Mao vows to take his revenge and if he cant work with him then he will overthrow him. He will never work with the nationalist again and this is tested with Japanese invasion of WWII and now they have to come back again. Mao says he cares more about China than stupid nationalist man and they unite to defeat Japan from 1932-45. This is also why China gets a seat at the UN Table. Mao immediately after starts a civil war lasting from 1946-49 against the nationalists. China is unhappy with the nationalist handling of japan and land reform became a big idea for Mao with redistribution. Lots that don't care about nationalism or communism want land. Mao also provides women's rights, and wins in 1949 and the nationalist republic is replaced with communism china.

Mao's Great Leap Forward
Compared to russia, mexico and cuba which are the big revolutions of this time.
Aka the Great Leap Backward
Takes cues from the ussr, which a much stronger peasant focus and kills mostly this focused groups and entirely an accidentally slaughter. He is committed to industrialization, but is concerned with the middle class that will form that will become better educated than mao, and they will take over the government so he takes control over industrialization. He wants china to become a industrial power house, to catch the west in 15 years. he thought equality would be produce and he has serious employment problems.
Decentralized approached, letting regions control themselves, which lead to a lot of lying and over promising, and produced lots of material that was low quality. Lots of substandard goods.
Land collectivization, if everything is common land everyone benefits and will produce a great society. Peasants want land, but he says community will be better. Lots of extended family and only community was separated and wanting small industry to dominate.
Quotas were met but unusable.
people are hungry and making bad steel. people lie a lot and tradition has to be approached again. New USSR man shits on china, so chinas like naw 5 year plans are dumb why do we do this.
Industrialized china, increased literacy, ended class privilege, rural chinese health care, extended authority over tibet but still autonomous, so the dalai lama flees to india. Lots of peasant based improvements. Also ends confucianism and maos like naw dont, equality emerges through this, and foot binding ends. Minor expansionism. Emphasized the equality of peasants.
Another failure policy, he claims the revolution has grown cold and passion has faded. The four olds, customs culture habits and ideas must be embraced as they were held onto by the older persons. 18-30 persons are empowered to remove these ideas, and is violence is needed then do it.
Paramilitary forms and if they are beating people up just let them. Puts people in their place. Creates chaos,
The Red Guard were persons that could just harass people with noted arm bands and a copy of mao's red book of quotes. roughly 15 years and realizing this sucks he sends kids into the rural areas to find olds. A cult of personality based around mao. Unlike stalin this was all accidental by selling the revolution. The years leading to this had 50 million less estimated deaths.
Ping Pong Diplomacy, china has no contact with the us, and in 1970 a ping pong team enters the country in a global tour against chinese national team and began new relations with the us and china. nixon went to china and met with mao, and vice versa. Mao dies in 1976 and the people are lost and confused. The modernists want to do something else and the Gang of four keeps closed communist ideals. The modernist arrest the Gang of Four and a new path forms. Communist government capitalist economy. Deng Xiaoping says he can do both by censoring speech but opens the economy. ¨when you open a window you attract the flies¨- deng. He beings the De-Maoization and created the four moderns in 1981. some capitalism is let in. No saying what you want but selling whatever you want. RIch poor gap greatly forms. Economic communism fades. Their economy rockets, students and younger persons heard open up china and movements ask for democracy. They want freedom, civil rights, and all the accomplishments of the west.
Tiananmen square is a great revolt with a false statue of liberty looking against the portrait of mao. Deng rolls in the tanks same time as the berlin wall and the ussr falls. Tanks run over people, mass arrests, mass burning, and even today china censors most anti china or different ideas were blocked, suppressed religion. Another current issues is territorial expansion after taking tibet, hongkong and they want taiwan every tho everyone says taiwan is free. Mao also placed the one child policy. Massive killing of small girls. One child policy is no longer active but many of that generation lacks women due to massive gender flops. Lots of older adults have a smaller generation holding them up.
Massive economic failure since 2008 but has come down from place of power and is rethinking their place in the world.

]]> 2021-03-19 15:57:39 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1330383844 Cold War preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1353523245 45 years, feeling endless, 3 worlds.
1st world, Capitalist, western democracy, containment of communism, not removal but containment. Contained in europe, not as much in asian. prevent growing power, eventual collapse of communism.
2nd world is the soviet union, eastern block countries (countries controlled by the USSR after WW2) and other communist traits. Spread communism world wide, but not take over united states or western world but limit their influence.

Cold because there is no direct war, no russia v us fighting tho many event got very close to war but always manage to prevent direct us and ussr war. still lots of fighting and revolution but never us v russia.

Fought through espionage CIA v KGB, an intelligence campaign between both countries and prevent potential conflict.
Arms race of nuclear weaponry.
if they are equal in power then no atomic weapons are used but balance in kept between beating each others numbers.
Proxity war, real wars that are regional where the us and russia provide support smaller countries.

]]> 2021-03-25 15:39:39 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1353523245 Proxy War: Chile preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1353701952 2021-03-25 16:11:24 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1353701952 Cold War Notes Cnt preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1364578139 Truman doctrine puts money in greece and turkey as well as other european countries to strive capitalism, and focus on hot-spot post war germany, dividing germany into four sectors understanding this was temporary to prevent vienmar 2. Take time to create a functional country. Russia doesn't want germany to invade again as opposed to running capitalism germany. british french and american german becomes capitalist and a strong democracy, while east german becomes a communist state, as a soviet block unit.
Berlin is divided between america and soviet controlled germany until 1989. A unified west german state is formed and the berlin blockade forms, not yet the wall. They wont leave berlin and relief supplies are flown in daily. Mostly british planes.
Stalin has infinite opportunity to shoot down these planes but does not. stalin gives in and lets west berlin be capitalist and wait out the communist.
NATO forms and most western europe, and exist today with much more persons, formed to prevent stalin.
Warsaw pact is formed by stalin and his soviet blocks such as poland.
1956- Hungarian Uprising
Khrushchev comes to power after stalin's death. Poland takes this as him not having power anymore. Everyone else is like naw new ideas bad ideas. Poland does whatever and hungary wants to do whatever, khrush sends tanks in to say no. Foreign policy is unhandled.
Russia begins to win a lil bit after america gets so much. hungary does get government, and russia is very close to winning the space race. What if russia can weaponize space lmao and just yeets the us, restarting the weapons race. When kennedy gets elected NASA actually gets funding.
One of us spies gets shot down and he is accused of being a spy in russian airspace and they capture him.
Khrush sees himself as an intellectual. @ the 20th party congress tries to be secret claiming that stalin is wrong and bad and everything he did was wrong. He claims he is not afraid of ideas. Old people are like new ideas are bad and lifts restrictions. Backfires as the party chases after him until he is pulled out of power. Lots of restriction is lifted. Khrush debates nixon , the kitchen debate, and khrush is like we could make all of these things as press is there. nixon needles him and khrush claims that if you don't like russia they just let us be and mutalily disagree. Thawing relationship, but coexistence forms. He claims russia will crush american but like naw.
1961 after the west is still in berlin, the berlin wall forms, dividing east and west german. doesn't do much but makes a social aspect.
in 1963 kennedy visits the wall with a speech saying they are all jelly donuts together.
1968 khrush is removed after the cuban missile crisis. Brezhnev is put in and the prague spring while many other event in the world happens. Czechoslovakia wants to exist and brez invades crushing hope of eastern europe freedom. After the spring tension has to let up and the Detente begins. Russia says if yall try to exist more you get stomped. 70s realize it could go on forever
-new trade treaties with the east and west.
-Diplomatic visits between countries.
-disarmament, test bans, banning more nuclear weapons, SALT talks (dismantling) and new treaties after pushing the world as far as it could go.
In 1979 russia invades afghanistan, showing how far behind them became. Last nail in their economic coffin. Decisions made quickly aren't always predictable.
Proxy war is taken again as america supplies these terrorist that later form into the taliban. backing iraq fighting iran and the persian gulf wars form from empowering these people.
1980s the war heats up again.
Reagan and thatcher try to end the soviet union, overseeing the end of the cold war. Gorbachev is the soviet leader of the time. West believes it is smoke and mirror, proving they are collapsing as they are. reagan challenges , saying american is making a space shield called star wars., as well as challenging the berlin wall, ¨Mr gorbachev take down the wall and stop this now.¨ we gamble that they are on the edge of collapse. Economy is ran by the mafia in russia, constant shortage and inflation. Trying to save the union 3 policies are taken,
Perestroika removing over taxes, watered down capitalist ideas, almost works.
Glasnost, letting free press emerge, letting go of censoring, in the direction of free speech.
Democratization, limited voting preparing for collapse.
1989-90
soviet union lets revolving states revolt and exist. Poland revolts and nothing happens. Russia doesn't do anything. Cold war just dies out.
The berlin wall gets taken down over night and german starts the come back together.
In 1990, the soviet union is ended and every state is on their own and it is all just over. Democracy isn't complete accepted but communism is eliminated.
]]> 2021-03-29 15:36:52 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1364578139 Cold war era events preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1364784162 1950-53 Korean war, north communist south democratic.
56-57 Suez crisis nasser takes the suez canal from the british and french which are confused and march troops through the desert, calls up russia saying they're gone attach and russia says sure, britain tells american, who says good luck but we aren't coming. Britain backs up and britain american relations are fucked for a bit.
59, Castro comes to power in Cuba, attempted overthrow by america but fails giving castro lots of support and a communist win.
62 Cuban missile crisis forms and soviet says missiles can be delivered, kennedy calls russia saying that's dump well nuke you. Khrush comes to the line, then takes the missiles back.
Vietnam War, decolonization from france and vietnam claims to be communist for soviet support, and france fails as us sends troops in for months and vietnam becomes communist.
Cambodia, ¨The killing fields¨, Pol Pot's khmer rouge believes cities are bad and shuts down countries and mass person recollection, and many are killed for not leaving the city, depopulation the country. 20th cen genocide.

]]> 2021-03-29 16:23:44 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1364784162 Decolonization // Nationalism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372258402 Crash Course:
Empire was the past common organization of civilization that often can collapse and fighting between colonies created states over empire systems. losing power and regions becoming free from little resistance other than having to chose communism or capitalism.
INC was a popular non violent revolt including gandhi, though the separation of the india colony into the 3 states was violent and forced.
after egypt bankrupting themselves their king was overthrown and replaced by a military leader, playing ussr and us, while forcing out the muslim brotherhood and hiding it. Europeans claimed to create development, but new states lacked the infrastructure to educate or develop, while local rules where throw out with little experienced people being in power.

Causes: nationalism within countries gets more power and fighting against europeans that resist power being given. Specific steps for independence.
Colonies became too expensive to have, and no european country could keep control after the pricing of WWII that press on.
Moral arguments form about empire fighting against nazis, while the ussr and europe follows these empiric patterns. as early as 1937, but as far as the 1980s. ]]> 2021-03-31 15:40:21 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372258402 Case Studies: Decolonization preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372374292 2021-03-31 16:08:44 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372374292 Case Study: Philippines preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372521968 2021-03-31 16:46:11 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1372521968 Decolonization Vibes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1407937011 Nationalism within colonies
Expenses to run colonies
Too difficult to defend morally

Region Overviews:
Kwame Nkrumah- Ghana
First major nation to gain independence in 1957, a negotiated independence without war, while rioting and jailing occured, it was ultimately granted without war.
Civil Disobedience.
Jomo Kenyatta- Kenya
The British actually fight back, large coffee production and economic production. Also v pwetty. More population leading to more resistance. Starting non-violent as the Maoao takes lead in warfare. As vietnam heats up britain leaves.
Frantz Fanon- Algeria
French colony, where fanon writes ¨The wretched of the earth¨, showing the algerians are the bottom of the chain because of the french and unlike many leaders he chose violence to match the violence and mayhem created by the french from the beginning. Both sides commit great sin but the french back up as a french government falls and the troops have to be sent in paris from revolt about algeria. A snap election creates algerian freedom.
Legacies of Independence- Not Stereotypes with many different events
-Independence, Angola is the last and becomes communist
- Africa is mostly unaligned
- Economic opportunities, and is very resource rich, rubber diamonds
-Development needs infrastructure, but is lacking with out way to process and required education challenges. Generations of technology are skipped, no phone lines, but wifi connects.
-Political alignment issues and unprepared leaders
-Deep rooted conflicts against colonization legacy, Border Wars.

South Asia
Gandhi- India
negotiated freedom with nonviolence movements since the 1920s after want autonomy to govern themselves like canada.
Salt March- British heavily taxed salt and gandhi said bs untax and everyone marched to the sea to collect their own salt and be better than britain. many are attacked and beaten as things heat up but are cooled after WWII where the british just let them vibe.
Partition, commonly used by the british where areas of new nations cannot coexist, and gandhi is killed by someone that wants to separate.
Nehru rules India and starts the unaligned stance, where jinnah and the Muslim league takes pakistan, creating lots of tension. Lots of problems with land treatment and movement as well as political stability where elections and constitutions are developing.
Both strive and create the green movement with agriculture. GMO strains and harnessing food production creates food self sufficiency. Kashmir border is debated, occasional fighting which is alarming as both these countries have nuclear weapons.
South East Asia
Indochina is fighting, but falls to communism. Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indonesia.

Southwest Asia
Mandate system, false colonies that gain freedom after drained of resources preparing to become countries.
Ben Gurion- Israel
was split and an official jewish state where palistan want their land moved.
Yasser Arafat- Palestine
Mostly just angy and claiming land, winning most conflicts ]]> 2021-04-12 15:36:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1407937011 Globalization Notes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1408181430 2021-04-12 16:19:24 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1408181430 Top 10 Events preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1425971974 2021-04-16 15:42:27 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1425971974 Top 4 Events preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1438656343 2021-04-20 16:05:49 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1438656343 Aug 18 - Neolithic revolution preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1684747161 8000 - 600 Common era

]]> 2021-08-18 20:06:18 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1684747161 Core Civilizations preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688466379 What does it mean to be civilized?
1. Advanced Cities - infrastructure, city development, grid etc
2. Specialized workers - specific jobs and distictions and commitments by people
3. Complex insitutions - governments, religionous organizations, stories of mythology, law code, developed social beliefs
4. Record keeping - Not always language, often writing system or visual records
5. Advanced technology - problem solving technology that is very developed for the time]]> 2021-08-20 20:01:34 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688466379 Neolithic revolutions preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688467028 Movement from nomadic to sedientary living]]> 2021-08-20 20:02:22 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688467028 Mesopotamia - Case Study preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688499235 Middle eastern society, located in the fertal cresent.
While desert has two regularly flooding rivers for constant food growth.
Political - patriarchy, hetitary and rules by divine right.
A king who rules by divine right is not always divine. their soceities belive god placed them in those positions.
Works closetly with high preists, answering to gods not his people.
Hammurabi created the first legal codes. Wrote these codes into collums which are placed within the centres of each towns. Ex: if a carpenter builds an unsound house he shall be killed for its fault.
If a sister of god enters a wine shop she shall be burned.
These codes discriminate against gender and class.
Common Social Structures
emporer/religionus placement
millitary, secondary religious figures
artist/important works
peasents.farmers
slaves

Polytheistic and anthromorphic
supplied the zigguart, the twon center where the life blood of the city comes from.
Writing language is the Cuniform, a symbol language
Culture; The Epic of Gilgamesh who is basically hercules, technology and coin currency.
Lots of levees to maintain water sources. Uses wheels, creates ships, bronze weaponry and pottery.
Long distance trader, unique for this time, greece to india diffusing ideas and diverse items. ]]> 2021-08-20 20:39:29 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1688499235 Classical Greece preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699189191 Never a united empire, city states mostly opposed classical civilization. " we are all greeks. Our laws, our literatyre, and our arts have their roots in greece" - perry shelly

no major agriculture due to lack of major river, only sustained crops are grapes and olives but arent even good. rare rain and hardy plants. Mountainous height varied regions. Provided grains from colonies and other resources.
Very dry hot and tired, not much grows well and is very isolated.

Heroic Age- No written records
Palace of kenosis with the minotaur, what is truth and where is the fiction within it. Lots from the iliad and the oddesey, which become hundreds of years old referencing real things while mixing it with myth.
Phonecians colonize much of the medditarain and are great sea farers. They traded within colonies to greeks and mainly produced a purple dye.
The phoneicians developed the first alphebetic society. MOst languages were symbolbased and takes a lot to become literate.

Rise of Polis- the City-State
The cities of greece diverge small city states with different currencies and cultures such as Athens, Sparta, and Thebs giving names to different types of government.
Athens- Hub of culture and production, all citizens could vote upon everything, but women and slaves could not be in citizen catagory so most of their population cannot vote.
Sparta-No representation for the lower person, lead by a very small group and were overly millitaristic with keeping prisoners of war and slaves. Boys enlistened in millitary and lived to train. Better women treatment with the same education and value.

Birth of Philosophy-
Socrates Plato and Aristole
Experience dog

Hellenism- Broader Greek World
Math literally invented, religion language and binding culture.
Persian War- Greek city-states come together and step on the persians even though it shouldve been impossible. after yay we won they start fighting. Wooo you could make a civil war
Peloppenisan War- Basically nothing happens and they say they will never group together again.
Meanwhile Macedonia is making huge war.
Child is alexander the great. he and his dad just consume greece and join the empire.
Dad hella dies and get assasinated and many assume its family related. 28 and casually ruling and expanding greek borders. Alex is like wooo im greek then consumes persia, egypt into the middle east into india. He whole ass stops and marches back to greece and wholes up and dies. Political empire dissolved completely. Why is alex great? culture.
Everywhere he brought greek culture and spread hellenism providing real unity across the regions. Budda gets depicted as a scuplture and the indias adopt that. Romans close to consume their entire would politically whilst greek culture persist. ]]> 2021-08-26 19:58:11 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699189191 Philosophy - Aristotle preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699229107 2021-08-26 20:31:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699229107 Alex the Okay preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699274470 Though he was a very strong millitary pressence and brough fear into the eyes of any constrasting millitary this was almost pointless as his minimal political experience lead these governments of his captured regions to countiue almost as normal with the exception of alexanders other "great" deeming trait of his vast spread of greek culture depositing religious, creative and expressitory traits into the wake of his millitary storm over europe and the middle east.]]> 2021-08-26 21:09:47 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1699274470 Classical Greek Art preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1705377371 2021-08-30 21:13:48 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1705377371 Rome Vibes (republic and empire) preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1737271450 Geography
Actual rivers and functional geography, partially protected from the alps. Mild modern italy, no problem united with great soils and access to water.
Diffusion
Product of diffusion, taking concepts from greek egyptian, hellenism and etruscans. as an empire they are from these aspects and proceed to pull togother and push out their culture diffusion across the empire.
Empire
At its height streched between scotland, spand to the middle east turkey regions. Covers the entirety of north africa. direct control and matience between the lands. Lasts 400 years.
Republic
Began in 507 BCE to 27 BCE.
Republican form of government and the tweleve tables;Senate and 2 Consuls.
The twelve Tables influenced frace and lots of modern government. the punishments should fit the crime.
Latifundia- A farm;It is easy to take simple grain from empire building and outer sources, instead trusting your own farms to cattle and higher good needs. Puts out jobs and this burden sets an ancient roman tradition.
The nobles of the land serve on behalf of the people without a king or highest power. Consuls, similar to governers come from the senate. Constant flow of power and control in the senate. One usually aligned with forgein actions and one for national acts.
Empire - Pax Romana
The peace of rome, Culture and commers had great flourishing for 200+ years of growth and peace successfully.
SPICEy
Gov- its way out of control, diasterous without plans for succession. if there is no plan for your death then why not just kill them entirely. literally the paetorians kill their empire there is no plan going on. Consitine are excellent while a leader like coligula is out of touch and names his horse and general with its own soldiers. Nero burns down rome to rebuild it and was surprised that everyone freaked out and a massive percicution and uses christans and human torches at his parties.
Millitary is outstanding with an excellent beureuacracy. Deparments with people with skills. If the top level falls the skilled train people keep the government moving. The leaders are not figure heads but are fuel to direct and lead its sustainment. Local control was given as they maintain trust with the roman empire. if you didnt revolt you could vibe like spain greece and isreal. These people are conquered completely.
Lots of infrastructure, planning and creation with aquaducts from the medditerain sea into inland isreal. senses of belonging were found across the empire. Concrete invented by the romans was used with the collumn and the roman created dome. Borrow useful ideas with innovated and creative stratagies. road from this time till exist today and are spread across the empire.
Social Class
Slavery existed across all classes as a labour system and social construct, useful for the roman empire and captured by resisting regions. Greek slaves were educated and were incredibly values often to the higher class. Most people vibes and the country side and farmed with eachother.
Empires are divine and are greek mythological ideals. Some places are monotheistic. Some communities, like isreal, dont believe in these festival and stuff.
In 70 CE a political move to remove the hadn of the romans after already having special permissions. They scatter the jewish community across the entire empire.
The Jewish Diaspora, removing the state of isreal and leading to modern inplication with some spreading but lots of containment and discrimination between communities.
Christianity starts and is lumped in with judaism. Due to their converting nature the empire sees in as a divisive stratagey and becomes mass persicution. mass burials and end with emperor constitine, who converted to christianity. Christianity becomes legal while questioning the unity of the empire.
Influenced and Legacy
Republican Government, Roman Law, Byzantine Empire, Latin, Engineering, Infrastructure. ]]> 2021-09-13 19:59:34 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1737271450 Classical India preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743936443 Hinduism
Oldest organised religion coming from south asia.
Diverse religion, as a massive geographical region lots of diversity in beliefs and priorities with aspect of the religion.
Monistic, many gods are ittirations of one divine essence.
Everything comes from one, not monotheisticm it is poly.
Rooted in ritual devotion in action pray and church actions. Achieve good balance to escape the reincarnation cycle.
Diffuses through the india subcontinent to thailand and vietnam. Diffuses through trade routes in merchants avaibility, needs ambassadors, but not missionairy styling. travels and ministers and help new believers join the community.
As a soul unite with your divine essence.
Political and Social Impacts
The gupta empire creates unity developing the communal identity with adopting the hinduism as an empire.
Caste system- class denotation, organising soceity by Priests, soldiers, Farmers-merchants, labourers.
Women play a secondary status developed in patriarchy but many female dieties and rituals are promoted to these women, but no preistess is allowed. Doesnt completely reflect the soceity.
Buddhism
Hindu 2 electric bogaloo
Siddartha, a noble has wealth and education but feels disatisfied and searches for his enlightenment and at the end of the fourty days he finds his enlightenment, breaking his reincranationed cycle. Follow the four noble truths.
Life is suffering
suffering comes from disire
if you stop disiring you will stop suffering
and without suffering you will be free.
Join with the essence. Many itirations form later but are similar with their 8 fold path.
A true missionary religion with Monks and missionaries.
Compulsion to bring the knowledge and break the cycle to free the people. Diffuses far into the east and western asian regions. empathsis on equality compared to hinduism, society no longer holds women into social class and draws in those with similar beliefs. Social position outside of religions service.

Mauryan Empire
The Ashoka converted to Buddhism and leads the community as a buddhist leader with those rooted ideas. ]]> 2021-09-15 20:32:50 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743936443 Trade Adventure #4 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743951942 Trade within and without the gupta empire was mostly by animals, whether through the plentiful land passages or by boat guided sea movements in the indian ocean.
Most Land trade was through the silk road and included varieties of object and materials, and the gupta empire began to issue coins, starting with gold before silve, lead and rare copper variations.
Merchants often were formed into guilds that were taxed by the government system and represented their main trades, commonly gaining trade from the east and distributing to the west or vice versa to maintain a spread of items while giving attention to demand.
This benefitted the gupta era industrializing causing large growth in the textile indursty as well as gaining attention towards ivory stone and metal working, and the incredibly popular spice trades.]]> 2021-09-15 20:42:35 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743951942 Adventure Code preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743953620 2 7 1 9 3]]> 2021-09-15 20:43:39 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743953620 Religious Developments Adventure #5 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743965873 Much of Indian culture was influenced by these main two religions;Hinduism and Buddhism shaped Indian Lifestyles.

Hinduism
Enforced the stricter Caste system of heiarcy, that made it difficult to move from differing levels of class and importance.
Emporers used as a uniting cool to get communities to lived for personal salvation.
Different gods and sects but are treated as fragments of a main divine power.
No clear founder.
Buddhism
Maurya Empire heavily promoted and influenced the country with Buddhism.
Appealed to lower castes as its a personal jounery and enlightenment to be achieved in this life time.
Leader Ashoka gave state support to this belief after converting himself.]]> 2021-09-15 20:51:32 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743965873 Gupta Dynasty Adventure #2 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743967543 Peace and maturity englufed the northened based ruling with the two main rivers of the Ganges and the Indus.
This community is well adapted to constant storms and heavy monsoons, and have adapted with tall housing.
Millitary Expansion by consuming smaller villages and tribes and greatly expanding the empire. Before these it was many small kingdoms that united with the rapid growth of the Gupta empire.
Three Main leaders lead this empire all with similar beliefs and cultural additions.
Hinduism was an incredibly strong force and grew more ridgid and difficult to transverse the social classes, and became closely tied with slavery
Art was primarily visual paintings of the Buddha and the many cultural traditions and gods. Temples were cut from stones and handcrafted with plentiful details.
Sanskirt was developed and is the offical written language of the country.
The decimal system was also developed and mathmatically the eclipse was understood. The empire was divided into districts. Local participation was heavy and elders ran the villiages.
Pataliputra was the capital city and was the main educational centre housing great arts and directed the trade of the empire.]]> 2021-09-15 20:52:41 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743967543 Culture Adventure #3 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743985594 Lots of developed mathmatical systems including the study and creation of
The first aproximation of Pi
Comcept of triginometry functions
The Rotation of the Earth
Early concepts of gravity
Summation of squares and cubes
Lots of heavy lean on culture with developments in social norms and infrastructure with large cities gaining pentiful temples and buildings of highest regard.
Hindu scholars were very proficent and literature has a vast increase and comphrension whilst maintaining a empire wide understanding of oral languages. Sanskirt was very popularized and lead to development of other written languages.]]> 2021-09-15 21:05:42 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743985594 Ashoka Adventure #1 preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743996450 Alexander the Great is trying to consume the world as post buddha many kingdoms make up india in various ways and with strong kingdoms.
Chandragupta says no, consumes some of their land and alex goes home. He proceeds to conquor and control the neighboring kingdoms and forms the united empire.
Trying to conquer the rest of india many kingdoms resist and many of the empires forces die, mass death with little avail as three united trading kindoms making up the southernmost of India are still standing.
Death makes Ashoka sad, he converts because he wants peace and he wants in now yadayada boom everyones buddhist.]]> 2021-09-15 21:13:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1743996450 Classical China preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1758336611 Geographic
Two major rivers with plentiful lakes, rainfall, stream etc
Largest challenge is overbearing rain
Isolated by boundaries in the form of moutains, ocean, and the Gobi desert. Connects with trade much late and is an isolated empire.
First Dynasties Shang Zhou
Develops writen system, character based writing system similar to hyrogliphics. effort for literacy.
The political ideals start and contiuosly develop through the 20 centry, the mandate of heaven. The responibility from heaven passed down to a surpreme leader.
Simply yes and no, if youre in charge youre in power cause plot convience tbh. comes into absolutism.

Confucianism-religious beliefs
ethical codes and living life now and less based on what happens afterlife. based on ethic and virtue, a secondary governmental system that must be well educated. brings the unknowing into the light.
Five relationships of Confucianism
Father/Son-Fitial Piety (honnour family respect)
Ruler/Subject-Loyalty
Brother/Brother-Brotherliness
Husband/Wife-Love and Obedience
Friend/Friend- Faithfuliness

Daoism / Taoism - Laozi ( Lao-Tze)
The search for order in nature and finding peace and harmony within nature. dont be involved with government nothing will change anyways. dont be involed simply happily exist

Zhou society
First southern china crop developing new cultivation.
Silk begins to be cultivated and becomes the largest provider of silk and this keeps as a power move for centuries.
China never has slaves, and merchants are the bottom of the social class, both very different from other soceities.
Cause conficious said they suck and steal others production but like lmao.
Peasant is the heart beat of the soceity, which explains literally the entirety of chinese history.

Qin Dynasty
Shi Huangdi the first emperor, begings the great wall, firmly in control and leads, but is horrible to his people. He does not believe in Daoism or confuicianism he tells everyone to belive in legalism. he takes complete ownership over anything but many are killed in rebellion. He loses the mandate of heaven by death and everyone is incredibly happy.
He also commisioned the terracotta warriors. He banned human sacrificed and he had his emtire army casted in terracotta and Qin was buiried with his army and was lost of society before being rediscovered.

Han Dynasty- Real classical vibes
Much larger territories and greatly expands the empire and creates its first capital city of Chang'an. centralizing power.
Government finally gets 3000 years worth of stability and confucianism is domanate. the bureaucracy of Merit is decided by the civial service exam with questions on all sorts of details, writing reading and supporting all sorts of confucianist ideals to become a scholar. such as gentri, and the rest of your life you could serve in the bureaucracy. When emperors are not so good this takes care of their messes.

Sil road vibes
Silk, tea, and porcilin are traded across the silk roads.
luxury goods names after the chinese and just ultimately vibes from china to the west coast.
Coins also are here now.

Culture
Nature based beautiful arts with bronze and jade before inventing everything. includes paper, the horse collar, silk, porcilin, the water wheel, fireworks ( for millitary lol ), and the plow.
Not really into numbers and stuff but are much more practical.
Most continuity out of anyother place in the world.

Collapse
many similar problems to that of the roman empire and literally the Xiongnu just ignore the wall and go along the other sides cause yeah vibes.]]> 2021-09-21 20:25:02 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1758336611 Chinese Analects preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1758358689 Confucius is the plato of this dynasty, but lacks multiple theories and allegories but is more based upon virture and centralizing and strengthening their tradition and culture to provide persons that are virtuos and have a set up consistent morallity. Not eactly written by his hand but read as a compilation of seperated passages that lack organization but are all together. Collections of sayings or teachings.
3 Fundamental bonds and 5 practices of the dynasty.
Emperor/Subjects
Father/Son
Husband/Wife
All with an inferior, but not negative conitation, as the superior protects the inferior and sets an example of virture to create an example to follow as one must be pure to maintain pure children. Foundation of trust.
Tradition vibes.
Constant Virtues:
Benevolence- put out good into the world, the golden rule, willing to grant others
Rightenousness- confience and treating others well, self restraint to resiste tempation and the fortitude for ones duty
Trustworthiness- Externally nes deed match ones words, mind and body in unison
Propriety- politeness and quality of conforming
Wisdom- KNowledge experience and good judgement in any given situation, preceds the others as it guides the strong ethic for the preceding steps. maintain born pure ethics.

]]> 2021-09-21 20:38:26 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1758358689 Classical America preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779244263 Olmec Empire
S- Unknow what they refer to themselves as, used symbols to communicate, depended on maize, female rulers and gods

P- King like status with a giant stone head made after him, bilateral city set up and placed specific buildings clearly, jaguars were political

I- collected stone from moutains and volcanoes, flood plains for farming and tree rafts.

C- many animal-like half human gods that represented core elements of their society and nature, created jade masks and giant basalt heads, traded rare volcanic stones, buried carvings and stone heads in memory of ones passing, placed many religious structures and sculptures around their cities.

E- traded rare stones and carvings as a sense of currency,

Mayan Empire
S- hieroglphyic writing styles, modern day 70 various mayan languages, all originating from one central language, very interactive with eachother but distant and secluded from other mesoamerican populations

P- plentiful and abundant cities

I- slash and burn gathering developing into irrigation mentalities alongs side longer rivers and created communities just forth. used all discovered elements of their environment in all aspects of society to build, maintain and support culture and physical settlement

C- created pottery and carvings similar to olmecs, unlike they created large left over archetecture, stone monuments, carvings, religious buildings, plentiful nature gods very important, stepped pyraminds with detailked enscription.

E- similar region with wet land avaible farming locations,

]]> 2021-09-29 20:01:31 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779244263 Classical Middle East preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779247435 Persian
S- roads and postal services across three continets

P- Practice any religions under a king, semi nomadic, founded by cyrus, fell to alexander the great, controlled lots of different peoples

I- Seminomadic rasing sheep goat and other small animals, lots of embraced lands, mined various ore, preferably metals like gold and silver, nomadic but maintained some areas to produce items and ya know go mining whenever they want to.

C- first postal service, large cliff carvings in nature, carpet and hand weaving and cemeteries, fond of metal workings and various metals, persepolis big city wow,

E- largest empires with nomadic behaviour, first postal services producing items for sales and introduced standard currencies.

Isreal
S- Started with Patriarchs, starting jewish history in 17 bce, exodus from egypt and large period of nomdic life, got stomped a lot constantly

P- Millitary based monarchy, literally christianity its just talking about them in the bible. exiled to babylonia, dispersing and losing the First Temple, religious grouping before getting conquored again. revolting constantly

I- copper mining,

C- one god religion, the community that christianity is based and founded within and lots of important figures are popular due to their position in the bible, the First Temple is some big building thats important or whatever. literally kept rebuliding everything to keep praying

E- forgien trading]]> 2021-09-29 20:03:06 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779247435 Judaism and Christianity preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779373556 Judaism-
Oldest strictly monotheistic, faith and ethnicity, intertwined with the political state. God is seen as Jeovah. More identity politics outside of just the faith system. Forcibly moved by roam empires, converting simply by personally choice opposed to forcing communities to convert by missionaries.
Ten commandments;boiled points, convenent, justice but is more than these beliefs.
Small worship communities spread across their dispersed existence. Emphesis on traditionally opressed groups having balance and the faith is careful to open to doors to every community and welcomed most.

Christianity-
Connection to Judaism as it help its foundations.
Romans spread this religion with missonaries.
highly persecuted during origional formation during judaism rule. Basically guilt tripped with offering salvation, that there are things you have to do to escape the cycle of living similar to buhddism.
Splits: Protestant, Catholic, Orthodox all being political powers.
Focused ideas on the divinity of jesus and life after death can be eternal. Monotheism but in three parts, the father the son the holy spirit vibes. this life greatly changed the next life and can be recieved much harsher. Religous opprotunity for women and that the church has a communal role with those who are depended after the roman empire. ]]> 2021-09-29 21:13:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1779373556 Europe in Post Classical preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1825195201 Islamic Spain- Cordoba, "city of light"
Eastern Europe- Byzantine Empire and Russia, turkey greece
Western Europe- Decentralization feudalism, stereotypical middle ages

Byzantine Empire- Collapse 1453
Collapse of western empire and consolidation of the east. thousand year giant empire, the east maintains emperors, and bureaucracy though different leaders, Well developed law codes from rome. Basis of western law, Justinians code. Controls major terminus points of the silk roads, connecting europe with the east. controls the trade and taxations until the water routes are discovered. Dominate in the mediterranean, self sufficent and produces luxury goods. Infamious for silk producing. Carpets, tapestry and agriculture. Simple class social systems, most being peasents and have little slave populations for peasent labour. Declining of Female power and views. Adopts the traditions of perserving and hiding women.
a Best of greek and roman empires, mass gathering of history protecting it and keeping knowledge where the west complete falls appart.

Schism of 1054
Massive religous split, Christianity splits between how much power the pope should have, The Catholic Church stating the pope is supreme where the orthodox believes in its seperations of church and state proceeding to diverge on Latin versus communal language and that could not versus could marry as a member of the church. basically catholics being dumb as they do now, a patriarch leader of the orthodox by the way.

Kiev Russia and the Mongols.
Kiev is modernday ukraine, conquored by the norse and slavic peoples and etablished a state lead by Vladimir the First who strives for unification and strict control of people to force unity along with religion by picking the main three religions representitives where he asks for the best sell to be adopted by the state. Islam says no drinking and he says no thats it. Catholics say pope leads and get denided. Orthodox says who ever leads leads and the whole state converts to orthodoxy. Mass convergion, a political and social binding. Two orthodox missionaries work with the daughter and say translate the bible but they dont have a written language and they begin to make one, developing russian, syrilic. Modern russian language developed cause bible lmao. Strong byzantine relations along the black sea. Lasts until the mongols that cancel them cause lmao. ]]> 2021-10-18 19:55:42 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1825195201 Beowulf // Epic Poem preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1831599367 Epic poem lengthy story in prehistoric time; simplier times before written language and modern complexity.
-Reflects a mythological history
-Vast Setting; large distances, underworld, space, underwater, untravelable distances
-Highly elevated styling; exaggerated, lyric over done wiritng, reads like a novel
-Characteristics of courage, honour, bravery, loyalty, sacrifice in a deathless hero character
Six characteristics:
1. Noble birth/important genealogy
2.Battle success, legendary feats
3. Superhuman ability
4. Battles super human dieties
5. Well known
6. Loyal; not an "intruder-hero"]]> 2021-10-20 20:35:37 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1831599367 Post classical medieval europe preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1846276809 lacking food and people depended on the government for infrastructure, resources and food are left hungry and without, leaving to the country side returning to poor living ways on the lands of other depending on others for their sources.
Europe becomes decentralized and unstable.
Over roughly 1400.

The Dark Ages, Early Middle Ages 476-1000
The worst of the worst, decentralized, no nationwide power structure, kings have power only at a local level after providing a safe haven and place for work. Large empty power vacuum.
Legal/taxation/war decisions are all at local levels. No unified political authority.
Only unity if Religous. authority through the catholic church, the largest land owners. unification throught the pope that was not found anywhere else. The pope becomes the king-maker.
Viking expansion, great menece of europe, stole, killed, kidnaped and explored. Very advanced ship for open waters and rivers, much more mobile, unchasable and threatening. ~1000 Vikings convert and raiding stops.
Social Structure; Feudalism
Throughout the medieval era, Politically decentralized.
Local Barons/Kings/Nobles make all decisions within the land as they suppy the land and resources for your community that serves him.
Manorialism/Manorism- Wages dissapear, benefited by food and land as payment for the work. Slightly free, serfs, cannot be bought and sold like slaves, but arent able to own anything as all their items are owned by the local authority. However are supported and do not starve to death.
Three feild system develops, An overgrow feild, spring planting feild, and fall planting feild. Overgrown allows for the feild to be refertile and crop rotation. The spring feild would be used for 4-5 years, and same with the fall before all the feild transition.
heavy plow and water wheel development.
Pope exerts power over everyone,
Kings gain nobles, loyalty to the church in exchange for title and war supply. Serfs work for living space and reciprical loyal relationships.
Chilvary Code, placed by the pope to maintain christan knight actions. Fear god, serve lord, protect weak.
Charity, Honor, Valor , Faith.
Acceptable to surrender when losing a battle to prevent death unlike japan during the time period.
Catholic Church contiunity through the entire era.
Greatest land holders with great authority and playing king-maker. Maintained the education system and controls the preservation of books and writings. Most art and architecture by and made for the church. Church has money that everyone lacks. Ultimate control of the writings.

The High Middle Ages 1000-1300
Medieval warming period.
As the world heats farming becomes easier and kings attempt to centralize. The germanic states or holy roman empire attmpeted to united by the pope.
An english leader tried to attempt ultimate control over europe and had to sign the communities paper saying no.
Trade reappears and not everyone is struggling to farm, new jobs and guilds form and farming is easier. Economy and currency returns. Hanseatic northern trade, middle eastern, asian and medditarain trades, also spreads the black death.
Guilds and merchants start to form and no longer in survival mode. Travel and trade as the world reconnects.
The crusades begin in this period. Failed attempts to regain the city of jerusiam. The southern world was controled by the islamic failure. The city is never captured but western europe diffuses goods, ideas, technology enter feudal midieval euope through sugar, science, math and isalamic discovery.

Late middle ages 1300s
The Little Ice Age, returning to cooler world temperature.
Wet and colder, changing weather patterns and driving starvation again and the plague strikes harder to sweep through and kill 50% of european cities traveling from china through the silk road destroying india and the middle east on the way.
After the plauge money and wages return with economic power and freedom. End of serfdom.
Local control dissapates and the Spainish french and english start to get power and the 100 year war begins through centralization.

]]> 2021-10-26 21:02:06 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1846276809 Post-classical Africa preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1879476744 Saharan Desert
Silks roads trade and brings with it islam, with most converting but not by force. Northerns Africa becomes muslim in faith as culture and items trade across. becomes part of the muslim empire. The islamic loses and never gets any aspect of africa again. Then is still muslim but not islamic rule.

West African Empires
Becomming muslim and developing some islamic culture, becoming islamic states under muslim leaders to build a state, seperate of the empire.
Ghana
Sub saharan, major niger river, self sufficent, carves out empire in the west. Begins the Gold-salt trade route between north and west africa. Ghana has the gold as the coast and north has salt. Slave trade exist but islamic law prevents such in the main state. wealthy from gold and active trading. Leaders do not convert, therefore not converting the state but sees the advantage of the communities converting. Unite and loyal persons convert.
Mali
Mansa Musa- The rich guy that converts from the history of the world i guess. Converts and creates an islamic state of Mali under religious authority. causes eygpt inflation that messes them up for years cause everyone suddenly has gold.
Religious school develops in Timbuktu, and the Djenne Masque. Doesnt look like mecca or other middle eastern buildings. blending of new ideas with previous islamic ideas.
They are rebuilt after every rainy season, made of stable posts where the places in between are replaced constantly and are used for many buildings.
Ibn Battuta- (son of Battuta) living his best life and a moroccan, seeking to travel the entire islamic world. Go across spain the africas and the middle east in the diary, know as the Rihla, as he reports the similarities and differences of their cultures and systems. Takes exception to women being public in malian societies. Familes are traced through the woman and are highly seen in these cultures. Hes really disturbed and talks to the leaders and they value women in a different way and sees no place in the religion that women should be hidden. religion may spread, but local culture stays and blends in.

East Africa // The Swahili Coast
Many independent city states, all are muslim and adoptive of culture and religion becoming islamic states but not parts of the empire. Kilwa and zanzabar are reconizable. islamic city-states, the african connection to the indian ocean trades. Cosmopolitican mixed cultures due to the controling winds of the ocean. many had different homes or families. Swahili develops here and is a combonation of aribic and african banto language family.

]]> 2021-11-09 20:58:31 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1879476744 Cordoba Spain preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1879493181 City of Lights, Al-Andalus, and Umayyad spain.
Place of great religious tolerance. Inclusive of multiple religions working together with trade and education etc. Truly equality.
City of learning medicine, hospitals, math, and other studies to advance the world. First pharmacies and treatment centers, and first advanced sugeries to regain eyesight, parralleling house of light. Islamic city, not empire. Leader is muslim and relies on teachings of islamd for court and connected to teachings of the islamic faith, but is greatly open.
Advanced cities and architecture/infrastructure.
Great Mosque of Cordoba- currently catholic church but built as a mosque without images of people or animals. Repeated geometric patterns, gothic style supported by arches. Dome construction was lost so these side arches were developed.
Alhambra Palace- Running water, channeled from moutains for foutains and functionality. System of ice to preserve food items, great medicine as well as muslims art of geometric ideas. ]]> 2021-11-09 21:08:36 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1879493181 South and South Eastern Asia ft State Building preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1885152207 India/Pakistan for south asia
After the collapse of the gupta empire, division and decentralization from waring and competeing prices and local kingdoms. Southerns most is organized under the Chola Kingdom and gathered a large empire with longer peace and stability of the northern kingdoms. Both hindu.
The Rajput northern kingdoms are in constant war over the area and very vulerable and is taken over by the delhi sultanate, muslim from persia and modern iraq, introducing the middle east to asia. Religious toleration. How far will they go for political unity? religion is not used to unify and choses to not be politically unified, allowing for abundant local control by the princes. Vulnerable but resists the mongols, but losses to the muguls.
Continuity in social sructure and hinduism as a faith and social construct, as well as the caste system but more flexible and welcoming for the invading social classes. High veiws of merchants continuous. Unlike africa women are traditionally limited and hidden with a private roll. Islam was introduced but equality was not embraced.
Prevalence of hinduism and a unifying force and islam diffuses and buddhism moves to other parts of asia.
Idian numerals and studies of astronomy/mathmatics translated into arabic.
The language of Urdu develops from hindi grammar, as well as arabic and persian vocabulary similar to swahili.
Deeply connected trade routes, silk roads and indian ocean trade of cotton and spices. Highly desired market.

South East Asia // Indonesia, malaysia, cambodia, thailand, laos and vietnam.
Sea Based Kingdom, Srivijaya Empire in sumatra. Choke point of china and indian ocean, getting first pick and tax. Wealth from taxing passing by trade.
Land Based Sinhala, sri lanka, tea production and develop of irrigation and channeling.
Land Based, Khmer Empire in Cambodia. Self sufficent and rice crops throughout the year. Starts as a hindu kingdom due to merchants and large temples such as angkor. In the middle of the empire they convert to buddhism, leaving all hindu iconigraphy and added ontop to contiue the story of khmer.
Hinduism then buddhism and merchants and missionaries bring islam throughout but does not dominate.
Critical to Indian ocean trade.
Discovery of champa rice. Drought resistant, hardy enough to live through intense rain from vietnam to china. This leads to chinese developments to double chine with a much larger source of food stability. ]]> 2021-11-11 21:21:16 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1885152207 Post Classical China preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1892386310 Tang/Song Statebuilding
Continuity for Dynasties

Tang Dynasty
First major dynsaty after the Han
Revival of the Confucian scholar-gentry (also a social class) system. Exam based confucian texts, a series of tests up to 14 days. Want people who are skilled to serve in the government, leaders should be prepared and educated.
Buddhism bleeds into china and mixed with the previous cultures. As the religion becomes a minority in india, tang emperors convert as scholars push back and settles on leadership being confucian was well as the government, but citizens may lead as they seek. Mahayana Buddhism develops with meditation and studying of the buddhist scripture, Zen Buddhism is a blend of buddhism and Zaoism including the ideas of nature and experiencing the feelings of one self as opposed to the feelings of the books, diffuses into japan.
Confucian is governmental as buddhism provides the spiritual aspects, being mixed and matched across persons.
Powerful economic growth as silk road grow. Governmental policies insitute safety for trading and issues paper currency. Paper and printing are main pushes, and are the true to devlop the printing press. Easier to trnaspoert than carrying gold or expensive metal. Flying cash system is developed for banks to pay for you, also the islamic world developed checks which could also sets up trade. China also develops taxation as opposed to bricking walls up. Pays some money to be at home with your family as opposed to endless labour.
Growing Urbanization (Chang an), a complex social structure with farmers, scholars, artisans, peasants, urbans and merchants.

Tributary states form, land that is not chinese but is overseen without direct conquoring. Vast tribute is payed everyyear as they claimed to be the middle kingdom of great control. almost colonization but lacks control overthem. The kowtow embarassment process was show to the representitives to show their submissivenes.

The grand cannal was developed both under force and taxation connecting northern and southern chinas large rivers.
Champa rice from vietnam, drought and flood resistence. Doubled population.
Coals and industrial production for cast iron and steel production.
Proto-industrialization, making more than what can be used or sold.
Worlds most commercializaed society.
Neo-Confucianism and the development of ethics.
Wheelbarrow
Silk
lacker
Earthquake monotor
Crossbow
Fishing reel
Porcolin
Gunpowered
Suspension bridges
Wood Printing characters
Alchemy
Canal Panlock

---

5 Crop rotation - Environmet, social, politically organized
rice patties - environment
compass - economic, environment
paddlewheel - environment
south pointing chariot - environment
odometer - cultural
clock - social, cultural
mobile printing press - economic, social, government,
Marine trade - economic
population - everything
toilet paper - economic cultural
Fireproofing - economic
Waterproofing - economic
gas stove - cultural, environment, economic
early air conditioning - ditto
gas cylinder - economic environment
playing cards - social
Dominos - social cultural
plant - environmental
Early medicines - social environmental
Lacquer - cultural
Umbrella - environmental

Song Dynasty
Examination system advances in multiple levels, the term Meritocracy develops, skill over land and family rule. Education opens up to lower classes and their skill.
Unique to Song dynasty they expand patriarcal neo-confucianism and the concept of foot binding, comparable to removal of women in public spheres in other cultures.

Known as the "lily foot", a sign of wealthy and beauty, impossible to stand on their feet.
Contiued economic growth and contiuation of golden age technology.
Weaknesses
Bankrupts itself with the bureaucracy of merit becoming so large that it could not be financially stable.
Systemic millitary weakness preventing strong millitary control, leadign to invasions that consume the country. Consumed by the mongols as they are crammed into the south.

]]> 2021-11-15 21:20:53 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1892386310 Americas preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1979537301 Ice ridge melts connection for thousands of years,
besides breif viking involvement in canada. All developed in solitude.
Anasazi + Cahokia (Mississippi mound builders)
SPICE NOTES
Anasazi
S- large stone pits of worship, equality based society with farming men and carving women and cultivating religous leaders, women have all rights of men, equal economic contributors but are less represented in government. council public decisions. not pastoral, seditary communal farmers.

P- large religous presence, mexican traders collapsed causing communities to relocate council ruling without divine right. communial choices.

I- irrigation and farming, buildings and pit houses and above ground storage houses, signal and specialized buildings, 800 roomed centre of the anazite land, cliff palaces of carved stone buildings

C- cave painings, great creator, The Great Kiva are religous pits with middle ladders, also communal center. Multistory pueblo apartments where everyone of all levels sustains. poly + anamistic;spirits behind nature. Shaman. lackings writing system, not politically unified between tribes.

E- trade centre, main growth source was turquoise trade and main fuel for american trade. self sufficient from farming pottery weaving and textiles alongside the turquoise road.

Cahokia
S- seditary and communicative inner traders as well as a third of north america from canada the gulf and the north west, mass population of religous followers to the great sun, a learder of spirituality but mostly equal.

P- the great sun leader ruled with main points and cast communities of hunters and fishermen between corn feilds

I- farmers, fishing large housing regions, invented a type of gardening hoe to capitalize on fertile soil from the corn boom.

C- main religous governer without human rule, royal moutain of the great sun leader of political and religous rule, Never kill, never cheat, never steal, never lie , never get drunk or rude, be generous and share. contrusted large and plentiful mounds in square shapes mostly but also included the religous snake mound. mass sacrifice after the passing of a great sun ruler. tattos showed class. did not read or write but utilized astronomy with wooded post and henges to record the equinoxs

E- extensive trade routes of large created roads that connected to areas including mexico whos diverse corn boomed along side the river beds.

Maya - Central America
Not an empire, groups of independent city states which were constantly at war with eachother. Monumental arcitecture of stone structures with multiple levels and tunnels. Writing/Glyph pictograph systems which are understood. Maya were scientifically and technologiclally advanced. rain forest raised gardens astronomy and concept of zero. (cacao was also used as currency).

Aztecs - Mexia
Toltec people, as greek to roman, created most religon and technology was absorbed by the aztecs.
Builds tenochititlan which becomes mexico city.
Middle of a desert, built on the lake with raised island and vast connecting canals. Largest challenges are food.
Nobles held real power electing a nondivine king that makes law but could be removed due to low quality rule. dependent on millitary conquest for tribute food sources. hace slaves and peasants. Noble status could be achieved from bravey and actions of the warrior. Women are not represented and are far from equal, most oppressive western state.
Polytheistic toltec belief of warfare and the god of wisdom- Quetzalcoatl. Large scale human sacrifice, steady diet of human hearts, social control was prisoners of war or regular citizens were sacrificed by dozens.
Chinampas were developed as water management system. rised garden islands from the lake with food taken from tribute states.
mathmatic and writing systems.
Turquoise trade, gold works, limited farming trade.

Inca - Western coasted south america
Hindered by the andes and the pacific ocean.
Empire with king ruling over mostly farming populations gathering in cities of cuzco and machu picchu.
Divine rule of the king, not divine right but a god with the supreme four people council.
Divided into regions with various levels of government and greatly organized with provincial governor, officals, tax collectors and common citizens. lacks slaves but has forced labour
Advanced technology from mummification of bodies (small amount of human sacrifice when the ruler passes), earliest suspension bridges and terrace farming.
Lacks writing system but keeps records with the quipus, a series of strings with knots for mathmatics and taxation.
Invents digging sticks for farming. textiles from alpaca wool that is domesticated without riding or pulled. mass potato cultivation of various species.
Gold/silver metal working.
Mita System-
corrosive labour, one seventh of the population is forced to work for the government to farm, build and serve in the millitary. who was sent depended on the area of the land.
Accepted this system to complete patriotically. social obligation. ]]> 2022-01-06 20:57:51 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1979537301 The Renaissance and Humanism preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1989151398 A countinuation of diffusion

First causation is the crusades, great diffusion back to the crusaders, lots of ideas art and documents have been perserved and are reviewed. A long process, a evolution opposed to sudden revolution. looking beyond oneself.
Control italians have of the meditarranian allowed for veince and florence to become hubs of this revival, wealth in conscentraded in italy.
Growing influence of cordoba spain and the connecting to islam and having already studied the romans. When the byzantine collapse many of their scholars gathered each of the old documents and transported to europe to avoid mongols and arrive in the beginning of the rebirth and introduce many more previously unavaible documents.
There is no italy, only powerful competeing city-states attempting to out do eachother. Changes as it moves out of italy but diffusses throughout europe, less physical visual art but more personal cultural focus and regular person ideas.

Humanism Aspects
Classicism- the classics reading, writing, reviewing classical documants and art technique that was lost during the middle agees. Or plitucal selecular italian governments.
Education- more schools opening not for commoners and women but investigate education in an unseen way.
Individualism- The individual person matter and applies to the individual person. portraits return as the person matter and man is capable of man and the world doinv the better thing
secularism- okay to preform things that are not based in religion. faith if anything was sustained but non reiligious events occured.
civic humanism- these four topics allowed you to sever for this statre to benefit his states.

Art
techniques- Linear perspective and full backgrounds. 3d allowance.
Chiaroscuro & sfumato- stratagies of shading and senses of close and far.
Classical Domes- Iconic images of italian cities includ the previous arts. free standing sculptures, that are well used, 360 ideal form carving that displays the person.

]]> 2022-01-12 21:14:37 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/1989151398 Non european explorers preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2041203659 Ibn Battuta -
Muslim Islamic explorer, when the islamic empire spanned the atlanic and north/west africa middle east and south asia.
Explored in search of religous faith and commitment to finding higher education in the form of the worlds best viewed leaders and libaries.
Vast travels due to his legal authority and his personal journals and writing tell of his 10 marriages and numerous children that are left to grow amoung afro asia. He was lead by faith and met multiple saints which he would then travel based on his dreams while in the holy and reserved placed which led him to india.
He claims to have travelled deep north within china, but his accounts are limited, vauge and hard to describe as he is uncomfortable about china and there habits and choices.

Zheng He -
Child of persian merchants, know then as Ma He his father was a minor offical of the mongol empire, though not being mongolian. While the ming empire regained control over china from the mongols his family was killed and he was castrated, leading to him becoming a servant. The prince he served had eventually claimed the throne and due to Ma's detication and strength in taking back the throne had been renamed the Zheng and placed and Servant leader.
7 journies. as europeans begin to explore he is recalled as the ming emperor dies, and becomes isolationist.

Motives -
God Gold Glory is an effect, not a larger motive.
Renaissance- spirit discovery, looking beyond themselves.
Glory from restablishment from the collapses of the Middle ages. Assertion of new governments.
Access the trade routes- Indian ocean trade and trade with china, all water route around africa. Do not want silk road dependence or trades that knew routes. Can middle men be avoided?
European rivalry as what lands are claimed and making another nation-state stronger.
Access to wealth and resources to have more trade and wealth with other european.

Spread of religion is a cover story to take advantage of natural resources before the catholic church seeks to convert literally anything to christianity.

Reformation can not be a major cause as exploration is already going on. Conversion AFTER exploration. Matters, not main point not every single person imaginable.
Curiosity and the traveling to distant lands has genuine pure interest, but is not a major reason.

Technology -
Caravel is a light nimble ship, small and minor compared to the largest ships of china and treasure ships. Designed to discover. Two kinds of sails, square and Latin/triangle sails to capture indirect winds of the monsoons.
Astrolabe and compass but islamic empire and china to be aligned with locations and lines of latitude, a position of the globe to navigate towards.
Gunpower from china becomes europes absolute advantage agaisnt america.
Cartagrophy/map advances, most educated persons understand the round earth. They arent worried about falling off lol. Add to the map and come back. Small back and forth to attmpt to get around africa. most previous maps showed africa connecting to the south pole as the north did.

Portuguese travel first. They created a trade post empire, other than the kongo, they do not conquer any states due to diesease. Claims port cities and small lands, but not the states themselves, takes travels that are educated of the areas but never into the interior of africa india or china. They dominate the control of the indian ocean before a dutch republic takes over trade 1600 until the british hold it in the 1700/1800s, change and continuity as leaders start existing and change over time eventually into full colonies opposed to ports.
Goods traded and environmental factors stay the same.

Vasca da gama discovers the all water way to india around africa but has nothing interesting for trade and is surprised that he is not actively traved with. Woo Yayy.
Competition contiues once the portuguese start controling the trade. Rivalry pushes spain to find a route. Christofo Colon decides to go west in three months. He thinks he can go all the way to India but maybe just china. Hes provided three ships and gathers local fauna and flora dn they are amazed about what happened and realizes this is not india or china but they are incredibly interested. It becomes clear that the americas are a large land mass that sparks contiues rivalry. Avaible land is tempting.

Once the americas are discovered the europeans begin to travel across the entire world to make claims. Once land is discovered (colonizing time), they want to control people. Three travel their routes, settles/conquisitors, Traders for money, and missionaries. Mostly spain does this.

]]> 2022-02-10 21:17:31 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2041203659 African Kingdoms preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2047297498 Songhai, replacing the kingdom of mali at the beginning of the period. the largest african empire across multiple modern day states, which inherets muslim beliefs and maintains timbuktu.
Continues gold salt trading across the north and south.
Trades along the niger river and along the coast with the portuguese. not conquest but simple trading. interior african dieseas prevesnt intervention. Trade cowrie and gold coin as currency. small slave trading-internal prisoners of war.
Dug cannals and water relocation. very developed culturally advanced which is brought down by morocco who saught the gold and riches of the kingdom. Does not become a colony.

Kongo
modern day angula, the last portuguese colony to gain independence. only major empire colonized in this period. the portuguese found a very receptive state which sends ambassadors as political equals with trades of goods and slaves. the relationship connects culture and converts kongo with catholicism. They use this and try to end slave trading and the portuguese dont like that. thank you for bible no mroe slaves- then portugal attacks to maintain slave trade. first european colony of africa. remember first in last out.

Swahili Coast
Previously independent city states these become vulnerable and the portuguese need an african base and claim many cities by military force or awkward trade relations. Not a colony, and not combined, but all under portugese control in the form of the trade post empire.

South Africa
the dutch look for a place to claim for rest coming into the indian ocean, but cannot use portuguses swahili coast.
a colonized zone that interacts with the local people but is primarily for netherland traders. Land is claimed but does not consume the local government and is relaxed until the british later that turn it into an actual colony by government over throw.

]]> 2022-02-14 22:01:50 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2047297498 Columbian Exchange - Biological Exchange preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2061393288 (Plants Animals Disease)

Traditional thanksgiving foods are the primariy source fm the americas transfered to europe, who mostly presents grain wheat and bread. ireland and china become dependent on potatos due to mass population growth.
Tabacco and Syphilis are damaging disease causers.
Quinine treats malaria, not complete recovery but allows travel within africa to colonize after american colonies are lost in imperialism.

Afroeurasion circles provide rice barely and other grain. most important plant. Domesticated animals, cattle, pigs and chickens. Llama wasnt very strong but the only avaible animal within the americas until eastern world animals revolutionize to organization of american farming and trade.
The climate in brazil and the caribien from middle eastern trade routes is mass produced due to easily being grown. Exploited by europeans as a cash crop. Grows off of american land from their own colonies and trade back into the eastern world for cheap. Primary introduction of slave trade to cultivate sugar - not yet imperial cotton. Creates atlantic slave trade dependence.

While population explodes in europe from new foods, small pox, meseals, chicken pox, flu, typhus is introduced to large populations that had never experienced exposer to build up immunity to these contracted disease and wiped 50-100% of regions native persons. Some islands completely lost their entire native populations which promotes further slave trades. Much less in north america than latin and southern america. North american natives were seperated and live apart from europeans who live fearfully along the coast as they do not enter closer in. Meanwhile in brazil and portuguese colonies are fully interconnected and incredibly easy to transfer diseases through blending cultures.

Latin American Colonization
The aztecs primarily implemented the surrounding civilizations around mexic and latin america demending human sacrifice, quality goods and food to be passed to the main society and to appease the gods to prevent the worlds collapse. Very developed canal-connected cities.

Inca in southern america was grander along the western moutainous coast. Moutin villages connected by that of roads and intertwined temples. Mandated that peoples learn the languages when intigrated within, mostly verbal not written language but a strong-knot note and record system for taxation and numbers. Their system of sending popuations to work for the government was adopted by the spanish but taken out of context and became more akin to enforced labour.

The Spanish arrived in mexico in 1519 and peru in 1532. upon conquoring and absorbing societies due to disease and brutality the spanish empire divided into two major political/societal regions. The Vice royalty of Peru (south america) and the Vice royalty of New Spain (north America).

Many systems of these previous colonies contiuned but were adapted to be fitted for spanish needs, including mining, silver processing and european housing.
In New Spain slavery was utilized to fit the low land needs while in peru indigenous life was exploited more often as they were more comfortable with higher altitudes.
Due to greatly increasing this spanish owned 60%+ of the worlds silver and the de-facto currency became the pesos.
Main land spain just fought wars and consumed this money.

European Rivalries Across 5 Continents
The British East India Company commercially worked with the Mughal empire
Portugal controlled coastal trading along Goa, and France controlled Pondicherry, a city of southereastern tamil Nadu. Trading post capture battle and relay.
europeans in the americas strived for land and population control, with treaties and battles fought between european powers to maintain colonies and to legally adress borders including spain versus portugal in the treaty of tordesillas where the americas was divided between them between a lines east and west sides, placing brazil under portugal while spain achived the Americas proper. sxc ]]> 2022-02-22 20:59:38 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2061393288 Exploration Continued preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2096763013 Existing Routes In Early Modern
Silk Road; Basically gone, very little use after all water routes.
African Routes; Gold-Salt and Trans-Saharan are regional, coastal european trade with the congo
Mediterranean; Limited
Indian Ocean; Intensified

Atlantic Economy
-Slave
-European Manufactored Goods
-American raw goods
-Circular
NOT
-Migration
-Colonist

British East India Company
-Controls trade and authority of India
-Buisnesses, Monopolistic and Political Authority
VOC Dutch East India Company
-Spice Islands (Indonesia)
-world nutmeg supply
-Ditto Political

Latin America
-Aztec Inca Maya Region + Brazil (sugar and slave trade), Mostly controled by Spain
-French of Haiti
-Spanish Conquests by advanced cortes, as well as aztec prophecy of a new traveler
-Spainish king does not want Cortes to be the king of mexico
-90% Aztec Death
-Inca conquered by Pizarro, Atahualpa is their king and god and the inca gift all the silver in the region to free their king and upon his death submitted and became controled by Pizarro (who is killed by his own men)
-Direct Control, Vice Roy assistant king
Council of the Indies from various vice roys to be informed by the King and Pope, influenced by the catholic church to convert peoples not optionally. Local Priests to rise up, which never happened as natives complied but practiced personal beliefs in the backgroun and modification and blending through syncretism;
-The Reformation
-Spainish Colonies (virgin of Guadalupe, aka virgin mary representation)
- Hatian Voodoo of catholocism, native religiona nd african animism
-Seekism

intigration of Natives
-rigid social class system;casta
-incredibly specific to families as men colonized as singles

Silver greatly found because of Potosi that natives work in by force, bad environmental choices due to purification from mercury. Families cut of childrens hands so they cannot work in the mines with posioned and incredibly mentally distructive mercury which creates silver than inflateds their economy.
Sugar plantations are burtal and heavy, what could go wrongs?

American time
French colonies have light political control, not told what to do and mostly trade as fur trappers or work with native americans. Beaver pelts and Cod. Not forced conversion.

Dutch is basically Manhattan, surrounded by the british and sold to the british for the spice islands quickly after controling from malacca. ++ Trade.

British, non united 13 colonies with salutory neglect, not king of regional areas, who dont even answer to the king. All colonies have personal and local assembly controlled. City on a hill, governs themselves without intermixing with natives. Different communities with some wars and some trades. No conversion.
Tabacoo Sugar and Indigo. Not yet cotton from slaves. Cotton gin does not yet exist so cannot be utilized. Native trade for resource and materials.
Joint stock companies- Everyone buys some interest and each person makes some money but if it fails no one looses a large investment.

Labour system
-Slave labour for sugar, tabacco, silver and indigo mining
-Encomienda in Spainish colonies, forces native americans to work for colonists. In exchange for food and land;similar to feudalism in mines and ranch land deals.
-Coercive Indentured Servitude, Comes to british colonies to work off debt in americas, or are sold yourself to pay off personal debt and you get land to begin a new life on.
(Georgia is a Prison Colony)

]]> 2022-03-15 20:51:57 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2096763013 Safavid Empire preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2100755730
Iranian Dynasty, maintained surrounding regions of various modernday countries. 200 year dynasty, established the Twelver Shiism the largest branch of shi'a the offical religion.
Divine rule.

Founded by millitaristic power uniting the western adn eastern halves who previously were disconnected by a mosaic of indepented states.

Monnumental arcitecture combied with textiles and other arts in honnor of Shi'a practices and saints. created a unified sense of art and beauty over the region to be easily identified- colourful expressionism combined with naturalistic depictions. Floral motifs of persian and european cultures and folktales theming around flowers. Provided garden aesthetics.
Muraqqa collages were created while manuscripts depicted large connected multiple page length art. Royal Manuscripts detail the creation and status of major pieces, including silka dn velvet textiles that produced strong economies.

Shires and places of worship as well as housing caravansaries were primary buildings, including pointed garden/countyard facing windows with shades featuring patterns. also constructed murals and the outside walls with haft-rangi, seven colour tiles that depicted scenes and society. also includes replacing tiles with mirror segments place well above reflection pools.

This Dynasty's culture retreated into themselves, perfering religious practice and prioritizing shrines, leaving themselves to be invaded, including afghan controling the capital. Following dynasties and societies inbaced to book and other arts from this dynasty, but eventuallt lose some over time. ]]> 2022-03-17 20:22:22 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2100755730 Early Modern European Polotics preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2106116982 Constitutionalism - Limit on the power of the government, the leader themselves. Legal monarch checks.
England/Dutch republic (also poland) - Not the path most took.

Absolutism - absolute power of the king, no limits, no checks, powerless assembly. Divine right of Kings, you are not a god, but placed into power because of gods. Mandate of god. (you could lose, often destined to lose divine right).

England -
Always limited power of their government, limiting and restrictive of rulers since the Magna Carta. Allows for the power for taxations, influencing policy and that parliment had to exist and maintain taxation. Local justices of the peace.
The glourious revolution creates a true democracy with freedom of press, speech and religion. Bill of rights, parliment will represent law. The King is powerful but not over every aspect. john locke writes here, the social contract of people and the government. Sees very limited government seeing they only are responsible for Life liberty and property. Right to revolt and expected to revolt when this is not met or overpowered.

Dutch -
Lacks a king, a true republic made of seven proviences made for your own states, sends representitives to debate- no national assembly who would go home and be done again. Wealthy from spices trade.

Absolutism -
France -
in the form of Louis XIV, ultimate absolutism leader claiming that he is the state, the sun king, all of france rotates around him and he is light for the country. hires orders, distrust of nobles. No independent courts. Modernizes Mercantilism, he controls everything not just politics but controls culture and art. Colonies make money for the home country.
Baroque art in versailles- using massive art to overwhelm the average person. A way of control, wanted nobles to feel as if they had to live their. Allows nobles to be taughnted into giving up their pwoer here.

Russia, peter the great. -
Recovering from the damage of the mongols, no assembly no local control, he actual seeks to drag russia into the modern era, building science art and construct and navy and army. Brings revolutionary thinkers. Controls what society wears to american western standards despite the weather conditions. Builds St Petersburg from the ground up - land from sweden - Comparable to Versailles and the forbidden place in china. Required for nobles to live here.

]]> 2022-03-21 20:16:08 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2106116982 Gun Powder Empires preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2114411766 Characteristics-
-Formerly Nomadic (central asian steppe)
-Modern weapons and technology (similar to oceanic empires)
-Islamic faith (old islamic empire, mongols), some religious tolerance

Safavids - Iran/Persia
Religously intolerant, Shi'ia muslims that conquored the more tolerant groups. Immense discrimination.
Conquered by the Ottomans.

Ottomans - Turkey/Middle East
Old islamic empire and Byzantine Empire 1450-1918, incredibly longlasting and strongest during this period.

Mughals - India
Control until 1900s colonization with the British India Company.

Ottoman Empire - 1453, becoming a major empire since the fall of the Mongols and advancing their control and defeat the Byzantine (old romans in Constantinoble since 300) in 1453. Gives the time for thei Era's beginning.
At its high they control northern african, Medditeranian, eygpt, Savafids, greece, turkey because of everyone still recovering. As europe focuses at the new world they consume.

Politics.
Government power through massive Bureaucracy, vaugely similar to china but until dutch republic that lets states exist. Political and Millitary elites that hire and bring vast amounts of people to maintain. Sultans are incharge but lack day-to-day choices.
Sultan has authority but power is through different branches. isolated and works with advisers;Vizier.
Vizier runs day to day and is the public face of events, asks if issues are worthy with his council, Divan who advise. Practical decisions.
Janissaries - Millitary/Political elites develop the Devshrime system. Most trusted most loyal government. Runs main policy and rulings. The Devshrime system was made from Byzantine Empire sacrificing young sons to be enslaved their entire life times and if they convert to islamd they become the highest priority throughout the nation. enslaved and loyal to nobody but the sultan since they were little. very high ranking social class.
Millet - Conquered pleaser for the regular person. As long as the region is loyal to the majority power the original empire culture and needs were protected as local leader stay in control. revolt lead to harsh and oppressive capture which rarely happens.
Ulama is a religous leader and scholar to prevent violations of islamic law and punishment, almost too much influence which is later avoided by turkey.

Suleiman the Magnificent - captures majority land and the title law-giver, regardless of ethnicity and religous is very well maintained. bad leaders do not collapsed do to the quality of the government.

Economics-
ideal trade location as they control two silk road terminus points, and redsea-eygpt trade post, very active in controling majority coast. Position no longer matters after all water routes.

Extensive taxation-Tax farming
Lowest bidder, effective tax collectors go after lots of money for themselves, but end up giving even more by the empire. all in thsi together energy, more willing. Previously existed in the region, someone they could trust.

Bazaars - trade routes shifted but regional trade was greatly important across the vast empire. Coffee textiles ceramics etc.

Cultural Developments
Coffe Houses / Coffe House culture
literally begins starbucks culture
First from a store opened In Instanbul, focused only on the most adored beverage of the empire, leading to near 2500 by the end of the empire. These shops became social hubs and were divided into different social classes and surrounding jobs. When the government sensed unrest or possible revolt in the region they would close these coffee shops.
Divisions Include:
-Craftsmen Coffe Houses, majority working class high trade areas
-Minstrel, more artistic with competitve singing and live music
-Janissary, when Janissary where not battling and comign back from war they would open stores or group together to meet at coffe shops and still maintained a prescence after the fall of the Ottomans
-Storytellers, Speakers would come to present stories, ideas and humor that many gathered at the store only for such events.
-Intellectuals, forming closer to the origins of the empire these were places of literature and developed ideas from the changing government and life around them while maintaining being well educated and informed. Main coffee house idea that outlasted the empire.

Carpets are primary art source, various designs of nonhuman ideas, with a focus on plants and flowers. these are status symbols and have varying quality corrasponding with class. Carpet makign was passed down by family history from wool and cotton fro eygpt.

Ceramics are based in Iznik, building required lots of tiles and ceramic avaiblity and increased under better rulerrs inspired from china and illuminated manuscripts. Decoration and immitation of porcelin.

In instanbul and from greek bastillica, center for religous politcal and social life before being converted to a muslim worshipsight and unifying symbol of the muslim world.

Mughal Empire -
Post Classical india as the mongols conquer, India becomes decentralized during the Dehli Sultanate, ruled by an invading leader that leads to decentralization for local power. The self governed area from the ottomans and safavids the mughals come to take these local unprotection land.

The leading face is Babur, excellent general and foundations for the mughal empire until 1857. His 13 year old son takes the throne, Akbar the great, granting religious toleration, by far previously hindu and pockets of islam and christianity. Has hindu and 2 muslim wives, and adopts a christan european tutor for his children.

Two Synceretisms in the form of
- Decision of Reconciliation; semi divine ruler that attempts to please everyone while being oppressed underhim. attempt to unify but is not claimed by any but himself as he claims divine right.
-Sikhism; Fifth largest modern religion, blending hindu reincarnation- gurus will come back to lead next generations with strict monotheistic islamic transitions. while sometimes tolerated they are targeted for their millitaristic control that threatens other political power.
Government
Reforms socially and culturally, attempting to ban child brides, the Sati self sacrificing widows, poverty aid, education, bans alchol. Huge bureaucracy, open to regardless commmunities of hindu princes, locals, muslim as long as their was a skill and developing ability. Everone mattered so you shouldnt revolt. Local control, similar to Millets, same as previous rule- less power over time.
Divine right chillin.

Tax collection;Zamindars, someone to collect money for them. Local people, local taxes. france similarity. Hindu princes to prevent resent.
Shah Jahan - Culture Time !!!
ruling the mughal empire at its height and has three capital cities with various religous and economic prosperity and constructs monumental architecture -> The Tah Mahal, to impress civilians by the leaders power. A tomb for his wife so their love will live forever. Almost bankrupts the government due to this but like its fine. 1700s slides into economic stagnation and lower tolerance for minorities.
Mughal miniatures are 3x5 note cards, half sheet papers painted with incredibly detail in court life that which you collected similar to baseball cards with little books of them. since fo wealth and culture and detailed aspects of right from their minis. Breaks previous muslim art laws of not including people. Influenced by european artists and exchanges and stylistically mughal with people and science and halos fromblended european culture.

Trade
Controls huge portions of the silk road and hold pepper, tea cotton textiles ciniamon. have to pass through india. Everyone comes to India from Oceanic trade routes. Trade is not controlled here, but makes them incredibly wealth. Europe finds the all water route and silk road is crushed lmao who uses that. Dutch portugal and british snatch the trade. defer trade to europeans so they can do the travelling for you, what could go wrong? ports become towns and associate with locals and cut the Mughals out entirely and the trade position declines. "I wonder what the 200 year implication of this is?". Real action is locally between hindu princes and europe. British east runs india which leads to that revolt and Becomes a direct colony. century growing weaker. ]]> 2022-03-25 20:15:14 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2114411766 Ming Dynasty Vibes preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2124301548 Continuity after souther peasant chases of the mongols.
Continuity!!! - return to what was already there.
zheng he become abassador for the Ming through the India ocean saying hey we're back woo yeahhhh. Trade with china because yes.
1430s Ming emporer ligit dies and everyone comes back to china. They tell him no cause whatever bad reasons - too expensive for his three hundred ships when people can come to us.
Limited isolation until 1800s, 400 years and literally lockdown time. Open to trade tho. Mingwear develops and europe wants it bad. Silver trading again. Europe consumes the earth while china is looking in the mirror to the opium war.
Canton and Guang-zhou and trading cities. Come to us the world doesnt exist.
IMperial Portraits to show power and influence. State money to display beauty. Awe everyone like every leader does.

As the Machus invade literally everyone helps them instead of defending the Ming bc pirates would harass the coast, famie savanges the country side and ming is despised.
Manchu is forgein and become the Qing Dynasty and will be in power till 1911. 1450-1750 is the strength.
Huge and claims more than mondern china territory.

LEARNED FROM MONGOLS TO LET NATIVES be in government and serve everything.
Embrace everything. Literati (civil service exam shenanigains.) Manchu cannot be spoken, highest positions held from themselves and ultimate power was held in the Forbidden city. Monumental arcitechture time-

Forbidden city only for the manchu to enter, state funds and serves as seat of government, very lengthy and long. Literally another unneeded power and authority savings.

Qianlong emporer of beyond china, universal marching to be ruler of mongols, mughals, tibetian, and Han chinese- representing himself as knowledgable and thoughtful to each of their traditions and ideals.

Economics-
continues isolationist ideas, maintains stronge trade positions and results in comlumbian change plants booming their poulation but 4 times, greatly trouble and increasing the pressure of the state.
Tax collection would go locally, instead of universal pocketing. decreased corruption. no new tax farmers. Trade is not taxed, but trade and agriculture based on items need and use from the land. Changes to require tax in cash instead of alternatives. ]]> 2022-03-31 20:17:35 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2124301548 Japan Spec - Theater - Edicts preston_payton_714 https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2129439341 Social-
relocation of the capital to Edo, leading to society moving to the millitaristic city, divided by four social classes, with artisian and exicutioner outcasts between classes.

Political-
Require biennual visited of the Daimyo, aspects of the shogunate to move towards the new capital, previous kyoto but now being Edo- modern toyko. Diplomatic and economic relations to nearby china and korea but greatly restricted interactions with europeans.

Economic-
Incredibly limited trade with only the dutch who did not send missionaries to Nagasaki, also sustained food supply developed with new farming technologies.

Cultural-
Buddhism was regulated and temples overseen by samurai to prevent conversion to the illegal practice of christianity. Sciences and technology came from dutch traders. Noh and Kabuki theater develops pretty swag along with bunaku puppetry.

Kabuki notes
Previously these arts were limited for the supreme warrior class, by song-dance-skill Kabuki theather began to play for the merchants of society. exaggerated make up practices to make larger than life characters in a male only cast. used audience interactions with long lasting day to night performances to either connect historic events or realistic slice of life humor.

Edict - Christianity
Issued by Hideyoshi in 1587
To personally convert is wrong, but not overwhelming to the nation, but the act of a samurai, daimyo or shogun converting is payable to annual rice requirements, and requireing their fief to convert leads to increased payments.
Peasants have no choice to convert to christianity, and have 8-9 selectable choices. Further punishment for higher classes will be sought as seen as an attack against the countries wellbeing.
Any land to be recieved as Fiefdom is to be treated as rental or temporairy use, and land must not be utilized for the church or destriction of previous temples. 20 days for all missionaries to leave. trade with the christians will be accepted as long as this regulations are respected.

Edict - Swords
Sword hunt, disarming of the population in 1588
all low class weaponry will be taken and repurposed for the pratical construction within cities, and those who are against submitting their weapons will face harsh rents and trial, to the stake of large land removal and reorganization to other samurai.

Edict - Forgeiners
Nagasaki as the portal for the dutch to japan in 1635.
Japanese traders are banned for travel to the western world.
Japanese seeking to travel abroad will be punished with death, secrecy and return will as well. thorough investigation will follow for chirstian practicing regions. Samurai are forbidden for direct chinese trade.

]]> 2022-04-04 20:35:03 UTC https://padlet.com/preston_payton_714/cdzoqds3xhqm7ohf/wish/2129439341