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Magma

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Igneous Rock

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Metamorphic Rock

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THE ROCK CYCLE

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It is the processes through which the three main rock types — igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks transform from one type into another.

Sediment

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Sedimentary Rock

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Volcanic Eruption

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Rock Melting

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Underground, metamorphic rocks melt into magma.

The Loop Goes On

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When a volcano erupts, magma rushes out. As it cools, it solidifies and becomes igneous rock. Upon its formation, weathering and erosion commence, restarting the entire cycle.

Weathering & Erosion

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Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller particles, while erosion transports these particles using agents like water, wind, ice, or gravity, reshaping the Earth's surface.

Transportation

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Wind, rain, streams, rivers, and the ocean transport eroded rock particles away.

Deposition

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As rivers enter the ocean, slowing water causes silt to settle, forming small islands and dividing the river into multiple channels in a delta.

Compaction/Cementation

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As sediment layers build up, the weight and pressure compress the lower layers.

Metamorphosis

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Over time, sedimentary or igneous rocks get buried due to plate tectonic activity. They undergo metamorphosis from extreme temperatures and pressures underground, especially when tectonic plates collide and compress the rocks.