Key events in German History by Mr No Ever https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z Timeline with cross-references en-us 2021-11-24 07:37:50 UTC 2023-04-03 04:25:57 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f4da.png The French Revolution 1789 Mr_No_Ever https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1910054372 2021-11-24 07:41:13 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1910054372 Fall of the Berlin Wall Mr_No_Ever https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1910057763 9th November 1989]]> 2021-11-24 07:43:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1910057763 The National Assembly at the Paulskirche 18th May 1848 - 31st May 1849 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960284559 -Constitutionnal commitee of the German Revolution 
-drafted a constitution ]]> 2021-12-22 10:35:55 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960284559 Night of broken glass 09.11.1933 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960285833 - Violence against Jews and jewish possessions
- Burning of jewish books and papers ]]> 2021-12-22 10:37:22 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960285833 Congress of Vienna 1814-1815 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960288544 At the Congress of Vienna Europe was reorganized after the Napoleonic Wars. 


]]> 2021-12-22 10:39:52 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960288544 Constitutional Crisis 1862 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960289312 -Bismarck Minister-President]]> 2021-12-22 10:40:33 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960289312 April 30th - Hitler and his wife Commit suicide https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960290996 -the allied forces have surrounded Berlin]]> 2021-12-22 10:41:56 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960290996 1945 - End of WW2 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960293180 2021-12-22 10:43:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960293180 1939 - Germany invades Poland - Start of World War 2 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960294183 2021-12-22 10:44:28 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960294183 Potsdam Conference 1945 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960294364 At the Potsdam Conference the three leaders of the allied Nations came together to discuss the matter of Land and possible to settle the question of Germany's future.
Due to France about having been excluded from previous Conferences regareline Germany‘s fate, especially in hindsight of their immense losses of Territory and soldiers caused by the German NS regime, they wäre later on included into the Alls system.]]> 2021-12-22 10:44:40 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960294364 German-Danish war 1864 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960295375 -Dualism of Prussia & Austria
-German confederation dependant on Prussian army]]> 2021-12-22 10:45:43 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960295375 Tehran Conference 1943 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296474 2021-12-22 10:46:53 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296474 Yalta Conference 1945 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296749 2021-12-22 10:47:09 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296749 The Berlin Blockade (June 1948- May 1949) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296978 - USSR cutting the western Berlin territories off and essentially blocking them from getting food, goods and other essential needs 
-> aim is to starve the people there and make use of the cultural and economic importance of Germany‘s capital 
- first US wanted to react with military, but then the Berlin Airlift is chosen as a solution
- After long negotiations the blockade is ended in May 1949]]> 2021-12-22 10:47:23 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960296978 Austro-Prussian war 1866 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960298361 -defeat of Austria]]> 2021-12-22 10:48:30 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960298361 Stock market crash of 1929 (black Thursday) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960298711 - Share prices in the New York Stock Exchange collapsed
- Investors traded more than 16 million stocks intraday 
- many investors lost most of their capital, few of them had to sell their real estate and lived homeless in the Central Park
- this event was followed by the great depression

]]> 2021-12-22 10:48:53 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1960298711 Wartburg Festival 18th-19th October 1917 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962102861 - Organized by student unions
- Students and professors gathered at Wartburg
- Held speeches and did torchlight processions
- Burned un-German books                                                                               -> gave rise to nationalist movement

]]> 2021-12-23 14:00:06 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962102861 Carlsbad Decree 1819 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962109915 - Metternich issued  the Carlsbad decree in 1819 with the pretext of the Wartburg Festival and the killing of Kotzebue in 1819
- reactionary restrictions introduced in the states of the German Confederation
- banned nationalist fraternities 
- Occupation of universities
- removed liberal university professors
- expanded the censorship of the press


]]> 2021-12-23 14:04:42 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962109915 Hambach Festival 27th May 1832 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962117271 - Carlsbad decree silenced national movement until the Hambach Festival 
- Revolution gained new European dimension 
- Germany unity and sympathies for the nationalist movement 



]]> 2021-12-23 14:07:59 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962117271 Franco-Prussian War 1870 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962121066 - Napoleon III finally had to give in to public demands and declared war on Prussia on July 15, 1870
- The Battle of Sedan on 2 September 1870, resulted in the surrender of Napoleon III


]]> 2021-12-23 14:10:36 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962121066 German Unification 18th January 1871 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962123691 - the German Empire was proclaimed in Versailles and the Prussian King became the Emperor William I of Germany


]]> 2021-12-23 14:12:18 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962123691 Great Depression https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962129964 - The golden twenties ended with the Great depression
- On 24 October 1929 the Wall Street crash happened
-mAs a result there was a worldwide decline in industry and trade
- Thus foreign loans were no longer being paid and the unemployment rate in Germany increased sharply
- The Weimar coalition broke up over the question on how to solve this issue


]]> 2021-12-23 14:16:27 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962129964 Hitler became chancellor - 30th Januar 1933 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962132693 - On 30 January 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor by the Reichspräsident 

]]> 2021-12-23 14:18:14 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1962132693 Munich Beer Hall Putsch 8th November 1923 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972359092 - A failed putsch attempt from the political right on 8th and 9th November 1923
- Hitler declared the Bavarian and Berlin government deposed 
- It failed because Kahr and Lossow did not agree to Hitler‘s provisional government 
- Hitler was arrested and was released after 9 months]]> 2022-01-03 15:20:32 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972359092 Nuremberg Laws 1935 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972375320 - Laws that deprived German Jews of their citizenship
- "Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour“ : no marriage between Jews and Germans, no employment of German women under 45 in Jewish households
-"Reich Citizenship Law“ : only those of German or related blood were eligible to be Reich citizens, Jews had no citizenship rights]]> 2022-01-03 15:27:59 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972375320 Treaty of Versailles 1919 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972388323 - Peace treaty between Germany and the Allied Powers ending World War l
- Treaty declared Germany responsible for the war
- Germany had to give up territory, pay reparations and disarm ]]> 2022-01-03 15:33:46 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1972388323 Begin WW1 on 28th July 1914 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978293696 -assassination of Sarajevo on June 28,1914 and the following July crisis triggered the declaration of war by Austria-Hungary on Serbia]]> 2022-01-06 09:55:10 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978293696 Operation Barbarossa on June 22nd,1941 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978308212 -attack by the wehrmacht on the soviet union 
-opens the german-soviet war
-goal of the nazis: destruction of “jewish bolshewism“ and germanisation of the new living space ]]> 2022-01-06 10:06:40 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978308212 The Enabling Act passed on March 23,1933 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978316211 -allowed the Reich government to issue laws without the consent of Germany‘s parliament 
-layed the foundation for the complete Nazification of German society ]]> 2022-01-06 10:13:04 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1978316211 25-Punkte-Programm 1920 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981639342 The NASDP published their program consisting of 25 points in which they addressed the question of who should be considered German and generally focused on the idea of nationalism and how Germany should strengthen their international power.
(Power, colonialism; exclusion of Jews; punishments; definition of German blood)]]> 2022-01-08 12:48:49 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981639342 1834 Costums Union https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981641813 Germany had now established an actual customs union and therefore also a economic union without the simultaneous creation of a political federation or union. 
It simplified German trade and also stood for a unification in some sense at least.]]> 2022-01-08 12:54:04 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981641813 1880 beginning of new Imperialism https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981643426 - disposed over very substantial military means and potential]]> 2022-01-08 12:57:45 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1981643426 Battle of Britain https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982265166 - from August 1940 to spring 1941
- Germany severely bombs British cities, in order to weaken the allied powers
- seen as the start of the shift in power during the Second World War, because the mission failed]]> 2022-01-09 12:03:31 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982265166 USA enters war (Pearl Harbour) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982267792 - on December 8th 1941 the US enters the war, after Japan attacked Pearl Harbour
- before they only offered support to the allied powers, for example by providing weaponry or other recourses ]]> 2022-01-09 12:08:09 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982267792 Operation Overlord https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982271108 - June 4th 1944
- the allied invasion in the Normandy starts
- thus the territory previously invaded by Germany is taken back]]> 2022-01-09 12:13:43 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1982271108 Epochal year 1917 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983390617 In 1917, two very important events took place: USA had entered WWI and Russia had undergone two Russian Revolutions, which have turned it into a council democracy, the Soviet Union.
These events are of such significance because of their repercussions later in the 20th century: States' entry in the war had not only influenced the war, but also western policy afterwards, making USA resort to intense isolationism. As for Soviet Union, it had an enormous presence in the world's political geoscape for the entirety of its existence.]]> 2022-01-10 08:56:30 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983390617 Industrialization in Germany https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983414595 The process of industrialization in Germany took place mostly in the 19th century; one of its most prominent early milestones was the Customs Union (see: 1834 Customs Union). Afterwards, what ensued was the rapid growth of few specific industries in Germany, mostly railway construction, coal mining and machinery production, as well as general electrical and chemical industries (also called "sunrise industries").
However, altough industrialization had changed Germany's overall economic and political situation for the better, it had also exposed many inequalities and flaws of the economic system, which had led to a wave of strikes in years 1871-73.]]> 2022-01-10 09:12:05 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983414595 First phase of the Nazi consolidation of power: control at the centre and the Reichstag Fire Decree https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983434094 On February 27th 1933, not long before the Reichstag, the Parliament building had been set on fire. The Nazi party had used this as a pretext to consolidate their power in several ways: firstly, by blaming the fire on communists, they had turned the people against them, solidifying their own position; secondly, they were able to persuade Hindenburg to pass the Emergency Decree for the Protection of German People, which had suspended most of the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic due to a state of emergency. Finally, with an already strengthened position, they had used the gained advantage to pass the Enabling Act (see: The Enabling Act passed on March 23, 1933).

Many historians suspect the Nazis of laying fire to the building themselves; the Nazi response to it was perfectly synchronized, too well not to be planned beforehand, not to mention how much the Nazi party had gained from the panic that ensued.]]> 2022-01-10 09:24:50 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1983434094 New Grand Coalition https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993591224 On 27 March 1930 the government under chancellor Müller resigned and a new Grand Coalition was formed]]> 2022-01-15 15:14:45 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993591224 Kapp Putsch 13 March 1920 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993594050
  • The first attempted coup of the right was the Kapp Putch on 13 March 1920
    •      -> After right-wing politician Wolfgang Kapp was proclaimed new Reich Chancellor
         -> This putsch failed due to a national strike by workers and the refusal of civil servants to follow Kapp’s orders


    ]]>     2022-01-15 15:18:52 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993594050     Spartacist Uprising https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993595919
  • The dismissal of police superintendent Emil Eichhorn triggered the Spartacist Uprising
    •     -> the USPD and the KPD called for demonstrations against his dismissal
        -> Two right-wing free corps groups helped put them down


    ]]>     2022-01-15 15:21:58 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993595919     Naval Arms Race https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993599149
  • Germany tried to compete in a naval race with the world’s leading naval power, Britain

    • ]]>     2022-01-15 15:26:57 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1993599149     Tennis Court oath June 1789 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994333236 Third estate swears to stay together until France is governed fairly]]> 2022-01-16 14:46:21 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994333236 1961 Bulding of the Berlin Wall https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994338754 2022-01-16 14:51:44 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994338754 1949 Foundation if the FRG and GDR https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994342697 The FRG was founded on the western part of Germany

    The GDR was build on the former middle and now eastern parts of Germany

    Although the US wanted also the Soviet Union to join hands in rebuilding Germany this split of territory was done after the Soviet Union rejected this offer]]>     2022-01-16 14:55:15 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994342697     Foundation of the Weimar Republic and Constitution https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994343703 2022-01-16 14:56:10 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994343703 October 1807 The Prussian Reform Edict https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994346255 In response to his defeat by Napoleon, Prussian KingFrederick William I, pushed by his ministers, initiated a series of reforms intended to change property relationships and the administration of the state. This Edict abolished serfdom]]> 2022-01-16 14:58:35 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994346255 1837 Dismissing of the "Göttingen seven" (seven professors) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994349711 2022-01-16 15:01:38 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994349711 the Ruhr occupation, January 1923 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994432718 After Germany fell behind with their reparation payments France occupied the the Ruhr area
    -> highly significant because of the industry, which was there
    -> yet the fulfilment policy prevailed]]>     2022-01-16 16:15:17 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994432718     the Hyperinflation, 1923 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994437878 After the Ruhr occupation the workers there went into passive resistance, essentially refusing to work
    -> led to hyperinflation and caused a total breakdown of Germany's supply system by autumn 1923 ]]>     2022-01-16 16:20:10 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994437878     November revolution, 1918 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994445924 on October 29th 1918 the German fleet should leave to the North Sea
    -> sailors think it might seem too aggressive to others and thus they refuse to go
    ->about 1000 sailors are arrested
    -> this led to multiple sailors mutinies and the first workers' and soldiers' councils came about]]>     2022-01-16 16:25:58 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994445924     Proclamation of the Weimar Republic, November 1918 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994452023 Partly because of the November revolution Emperor Wilhelm the II abdicated and the Social Democrat Phillipp Scheidemann proclaimed the republic on November 9th 1918]]> 2022-01-16 16:30:27 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994452023 the Dawes Plan, 1924 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994458167 - The Dawes Plan was a new settlement for the reparation payments Germany had to pay
    - Main goal was to better the current situation, as Germany was not able to pay
    - Germany was actually allowed to participate equally in the discussions]]>     2022-01-16 16:36:16 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994458167     March Demands 1848-1849 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994496053 -from March 1848 to July 1849
    -liberal,bourgeois-democratic unity and independence uprising against restoration efforts]]>     2022-01-16 17:13:03 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994496053     Rejection of the crown 1849 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994501990 -April 3, 1849
    -Frederick William refused the imperial crown offered by the national assembly in Frankfurt am Main
    -would accept it only from the German princes 
    -destroyed the constitution drafted by that assembly ]]>     2022-01-16 17:18:24 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994501990     Schleswig-Holstein crisis 1848-1852 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994509207 -24 March 1848-8 May 1852
    -political and military conflicts of the German national movements ]]>     2022-01-16 17:25:54 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994509207     German dualism 1866 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994515010 -from the early modern period to 1866
    -Austria and Prussia two main powers in Germany 
    -both cooperation and rivalry ]]>     2022-01-16 17:32:15 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994515010     Ems telegram 1870 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994519187 -July 13, 1870
    -encounter between King William 1 of Prussia and the French ambassador
    -to the Prussian chancellor, Otto von Bismarck]]>     2022-01-16 17:36:06 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994519187     Final Recess of the Imperial Deputation 1803 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994775732 It was one of the last laws the Roman Empire came up with before the empire collapsed.

    ]]>     2022-01-16 23:02:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994775732     Resignation Metternich 1848 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994777679 Due to protestors demanding the dismissal of Metternich, he resigned on the 13th of March]]> 2022-01-16 23:06:14 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994777679 Bismarck as Prussian foreign minister 1862 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994780040 2022-01-16 23:10:51 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994780040 COMECON 1949 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994782748 - Council for mutual economic aid
    - introduced in reaction to the Marshall plan 
    - proving economic and political strength and independence form the countering states now surrounding the US ]]>     2022-01-16 23:16:23 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994782748     March 1938 - Annexation of Austria https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994884887 - Austria becomes a part of Nazi Germany after the German Wehrmacht crossed the border without resistence of the Austrian military

    - A plebiscite on April 10th ratified Austria´s annexation]]>     2022-01-17 01:34:18 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994884887     starting 1941 - "final solution of the Jewish question" https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994892935 - 6 million Jews are systematicaly killed in concentration camps and extermination camps

    - offically without the knowledge of the public]]>     2022-01-17 01:41:59 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994892935     1942-43 - resistance group the "White Rose" https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994903040 - The siblings Scholl and others release many regimecritical pamphlets

    - On February 22: Christian Probst (an accomplice), Hans and Sophie Scholl are executed]]>     2022-01-17 01:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994903040     20th July 1944 - "Stauffenberg assassination" https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994910972 - planned assassination of Hitler by count Stauffenberg

    - plan was to execute Hitler in the Wolf´s Lair

    - failed attempt led to the arrest of more than 7,000 people by the Gestapo of whom 4,980 were executed]]>     2022-01-17 01:58:48 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1994910972     Truman Doctrine (March 1947) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995472212 - was given by US President Truman in front of the US Congress
    - prioritized the containment of communism in the western world
    - US duty to help struggling states (economically and financially), to help them gain their independence and freedom (without soviet influence)
    - marks the beginning of the "Cold War", since the US is declaring communism (or the Soviet Union) their enemy]]>     2022-01-17 09:18:02 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995472212     Peaceful Revolution 1989 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995481138 2022-01-17 09:23:41 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995481138 Iron Curtain Speech 1946 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995492024 - given by Winston Churchill on March 5th
    - empathized how important it is to establish peace and democracy in Europe after the war
    - a soviet influenced "Iron Curtain" had spread across the eastern parts of Europe, dividing the nations (spread of the communist system and totalitarian regimes)
    - problem needed to be addressed quickly, by western democracies uniting and working together ]]>     2022-01-17 09:30:02 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995492024     Treaty of Rome 25th March 1957 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995999261 -signed by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands and West Germany 
    -foundation for the European Union today (back then created the European Economic Community)
    -establishment of customs union + crating a single market for goods, labour, services and capital
    -creation of common policies in different sectors]]>     2022-01-17 14:31:36 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1995999261     Schumann Declaration (1951) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1998507373
  • On 9 May 1950 the French foreign minister (Robert Schuman) made a proposal
  • He wanted to place French and West German steel and coal production under one authority 
  • Would later be opened to other European countries 
  • Goal: create common interests, pacify relations between France and west Germany

    • ]]>     2022-01-18 17:10:36 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1998507373     CSCE (1973-1975) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1998898072 - "Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe"
    --> was attended by 33 European states and the USA/ Canada 
    --> aimed at decreasing tensions in Europe (between the east and west) on a political and military level, as well as improving human rights 
    --> Finland initiated the conference, after an impulse given by the Soviet Union in 1969
    --> the "Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe" developed out of the CSCE (in 1994) and still exists today ]]>     2022-01-18 20:03:37 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1998898072     1968 Prague Spring and Brezhnev Doctrine https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999026328 Prague Spring symbolized a period of political liberization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic under Alexander Dubceks time as first secretary of the KSC.
    They attempted to loose media, speech and travel restrictions, however the idea of decentralizing administrative authority was not well received by the Soviets and resulted in a civilian-based-defense against the forceful attempt of the Soviets of occupying the country. 

    Later that year the Brezhnev Doctrine was introduced and basically justified and explicitly allowed the Soviet Union to intervene in the affair of Communist countries to strengthen communism. ]]>     2022-01-18 21:20:37 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999026328     Vietnam War (1955-1975) https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999097052 -1.November 1955-30 April 1975
    -proxy war
    -south vietnam fights against the insurgent vietcong and the communist north 
    -USA supports south,China and Soviet Union north 
    -USA withdraws troops And North Vietnam Wind the war]]>     2022-01-18 22:16:46 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999097052     Quarripartite on Berlin 1971 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999899963 2022-01-19 08:55:26 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/1999899963 Stalin Note 1952 https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/2000126827 - Note written by the Soviet Union to the Allied Powers about a German reunification 
    - Condition: German have to become neutral 
    - Debate: Was it a serious offer or a bluff?
    - It was dismissed in the end ]]>     2022-01-19 11:07:13 UTC https://padlet.com/Mr_No_Ever/c7l9xf1aws3sqe2z/wish/2000126827