Partial or focal seizures: (only part of the brain is involved during this seizure): abnormal activity will depend on where the seizure is located… hand may show rhythmic or jerky movements, strange sensations (full feeling in stomach, small repetitive movements (picking at clothes, smacking lips). Acting dazed or confused (complex partial seizure).

Absence or petit mal seizures (most common in childhood): repetitive blinking, brief seizures(seconds), many in one day.

Blood tests: check for infections, genetic conditions or other conditions relating to seizures.

Electroencephalogram (EEG): Most common to diagnose seizures,records activity of the brain and is conducted while sleeping and/or awake, recording seizures (determine the type of seizures)

Computerized tomography (CT) scan: uses x-rays to obtain cross-sectional images of the brain. Can reveal abnormalities (tumors, bleeding, and cysts)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): powerful magnets and radio waves to create a detailed view of the brain. detect abnormalities in your brain.

Functional MRI (fMRI): measures changes in blood flow to the brain. use before surgery to identify the exact location (speech and movement).

Positron emission tomography (PET): small amount of low-dose radioactive material injected into the veins to help visualize active areas and detect abnormalities in the brain.

Single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT): used after a MRI and EEG if it didn’t show the exact location of the seizures and where they originate. Small amount of low-dose radioactive material injected into a vein to create a 3-D map of blood flow activity.

• 1 in 26 people are diagnosed with epilepsy.

• 150,000 people each year in America

• Less than 15% of people have simple focal seizures

• More than 33% of people have dyscognitive partial seizures

• More than 30% of people experience generalized seizures

• Children and adults have the highest rate

• Mostly diagnosed in childhood and after age 60

• 2.5-3 million people have epilepsy

• More than 467,000 children have been diagnosed

• non-Latino whites are more affected by generalized epilepsy than African-American descent

• More common in Men than Women

• Cryptogenic seizures(seizures with no known cause)  are more frequent in women

Surgery: done when tests show the seizures in a small, well-defined area of your brain that doesn’t interfere with any functions that are supper important.. if in an area in your brain that interferes with important functions, you will stay awake during the procedure and ask questions to make nothing goes wrong. if it's in a part that can’t be removed, the doctor may recommend different types of surgery that will prevent seizures from moving to different areas of the brain.

Therapies: doctors implant a device under your skin of your chest like a pacemaker, the wires connect to the vagus nerve in your neck. reduces seizures by 20-40%.

Ketogenic diet: high in fats and low in carbohydrates. breaks down fats rather that carbohydrates for energy. side effects… dehydration, constipation, slowed goth, buildup of uric acid in the blood, kidney stones

Potential future treatments: implant electrodes into a specific part of the brain, connected to a generator in your chest or skull sends pulses to reduce your seizures.

http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/epilepsy-seizure-symptoms

http://www.educlime.com/wharemosk.html

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/dxc-20117234

http://www.healthline.com/health/epilepsy/effects-on-body

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20117241

http://www.healthline.com/health/epilepsy/facts-statistics-infographic