Respiratory terms by Emily Alcaraz

1. Alveoli

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:11:49 UTC

The alveoli resemble a bunch of grapes. An adult lung contains approximately 500 million alveoli. They are made of one layer of squamous epithelial tissue and contain a rich network of blood capillaries.

2. bronchi

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:14:06 UTC

The trachea divides into two bronchi near the center of the chest, a right bronchus and a left bronchus. The right bronchus is shorter, wider, and extends more vertically than the left bronchus. Each bronchus enters a lung and carries air from the trachea to the lung.

3. bronchioles

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:16:47 UTC

In the lungs, the bronchi continue to divide into smaller and smaller bronchi until, finally, they divide into the smallest branches, called bronchioles. The smallest bronchioles, called terminal bronchioles, end in air sacs, called alveoli.

4. cellular respiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:21:23 UTC

cellular respiration - The cells then use the oxygen and nutriets to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide. Because the carbon dioxide concentration is higher in tissue cells than in the bloodstream, carbon dioxide leaves the cells and enters the bloodstream to be transported back to the lungs, where external respiration takes place.

5. cilia

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:23:48 UTC

Tiny, hairlike structures, called cilia, filter inhaled air to trap dust and other particles. The cilia then help move the mucous layer that lines the airways to push trapped particles toward the esophagus, where they can be swallowed.

6. epiglottis

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:25:37 UTC

The epiglottis, a special leaflike piece of cartilage, closes the opening into the larynx during swallowing. This prevents food and liquids from entering the respiratory tract.

7. expiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:27:53 UTC

When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, the process of expiration (exhalation) occurs. Air is forced out of the lungs and air passages.

8. external respiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:29:20 UTC

external respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream.

9. inspiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:31:05 UTC

Inspiration (inhalation) is the process of breathing in air.

10. internal respiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:32:56 UTC

Internal respiration is the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and bloodstream. Oxygen is carried to the tissue cells by the blood. Because the oxygen concentration is higher in the blood than in the tissue cells, oxygen leaves the blood capillaries and enters the tissue cells.

11. larynx

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:35:11 UTC

The larynx, or voice box, lies between the pharynx and trachea. It has nine layerrs of cartilage. The largest, the thyroid cartilage, is commonly called the Adam's apple. The larynx contains two fold, called vocal cords. As air leaves the lungs, the vocal cords vibrate and produce sound. The tongue and lips act on the sound to produce speech.

12. lungs

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:37:38 UTC

The divisions of the bronchi and the alveoli are found in organs called lungs. The right lung has three sections, or lobes: the superior, the middle, and the inferior. The left lung has only two lobes: the superior and the inferior. The left lung is smaller because the heart is located toward the left side of the chest.

13. nasal cavities

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:39:19 UTC

The nasal septum divides the nose into two hollow spaces, called nasal cavities.

14. nasal septum

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:40:26 UTC

nasal septum - A wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two nasal cavities

15. nose

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:41:10 UTC

The nose has two openings, called nostrils or nares, through which air enters.

16. pharynx

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:45:12 UTC

The pharynx, or throat, lies directly behind the nasal cavities. As air leaves the nose, it enters the pharynx. The pharynx is divided into three sections.

The nasopharynx is the upper portion, located behind the nasal cavities. The pharyngeal tonsis, or adenoids (lymphatic tissue), and the eustachian tube (tube to middle ear) openings are located here.

The oropharynx is the middle section, located behind the oral cavity (mouth). Recieves air from nasopharynx and food and air from mouth.

The laryngopharynx is the bottom section of the pharynx. The esophagus, which carries food to the stomach, and the trachea, which carries air to/from lungs, branch off the laryngopharynx.

17. pleura

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:47:21 UTC

Each lung is enclosed in a membrane, or sac, called the pleura. The pleura consists of two layers of serous membrane: a visceral pleura attached to the surface of the lung, and a parietal pleura attached to the chest wall.

18. respiration

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:50:22 UTC

The process of inspiration and expiration is known as respiration. The process of respiration is controlled by the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata of the brain. An increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood, or a decreased amount of oxygen as seen in certain diseases, causes the center to increase the rate of respiration. Although this process is usually involuntary, a person can control the rate of breathing by breathing faster or slower.

19. respiratory system

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 16:52:31 UTC

The respiratory system consists of the lungs and air passages. This system is responsible foor taking in oxygen, a gas needed by all body cells, and removing carbon dioxide, a gas that is a metabolic waste product produced by the cells when the cells convert food into energy. Because the body has onlly a 4-6 minute supply of oxygen, the respiratory system must work continously to prevent death.

The parts of the respiratory system are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and lungs.

20. sinuses

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 18:42:43 UTC

Sinuses are cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area. They are connected to the nasal cavity by short ducts. The sinuses are lined with a mucous membrane that warms and moistens air. The sinuses also provide resonance for the voice.

21. trachea

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 18:45:37 UTC

The trachea (windpipe) iis a tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest. It carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi. A series of C-shapped cartilages help keep the trachea open.

22. ventilation

ea13357 — 2024-11-04 18:50:09 UTC

Ventilation is the process of breathing. It involves two phases: inspiration and expiration.