Size and Description

Bluefish have a widely forked tail, a well-proportioned body, and a row of sharp teeth. As their name suggests, they are gray green in color. However, their color fades to white on the underside and abdomen. These marine fish vary greatly in size. Some bluefish grow up to 7 inches long, while others can grow up to 2 feet long. An average adult bluefish weighs between 10 and 31 pounds.

Bluefish live in loose groups. They are strong and fierce, with strong stomachs. Bluefish are not picky eaters, and they often eat small fish. They are intelligent hunters, targeting schools of fish and attacking them in a feeding frenzy. The exact species of fish they eat depends on the season and where they live; however, most bluefish eat sardine-like fish. Like most fish, bluefish are cannibals. It is not uncommon to see an adult bluefish eating a juvenile bluefish. Although they are not large enough to kill or seriously harm humans, they are known to bite fishermen.

Predator

Adult bluefish do not have as many predators as juveniles. However, largemouth bass, sharks, whales and dolphins often prey on bluefish. Manta rays, summer flounders, tuna, seals, and sea lions most commonly eat young rays.Bluefish live almost everywhere; however, they move frequently depending on the season. For example, you can find bluefish off the coast of Florida in the winter. In the spring, they move north, and in June they live off the coast of Massachusetts. Although most bluefish groups are migratory, those that live in the Gulf of Mexico rarely move seasonally. Bluefish also live in many different types of water, including brackish water. In Maine, there are countless opportunities for fishing. One of the most common types of fish you can find off the coast of Maine is bluefish. The largest bluefish ever caught in Maine weighed 19 pounds and 6 ounces. On August 8, 1994, Denis Moran caught this record bluefish in Boothbay Harbor.

Large bluefish have also been caught in other states. For example, in 1979, Charles Toth caught a bluefish weighing 24 pounds and 13 ounces in Connecticut. Another angler in Massachusetts also surpassed the record in Maine. On September 11, 1982, Louis Gordon was fishing at Graves Light, an island in Boston Harbor, when he caught a bluefish weighing 27 pounds and 4 ounces.

What about the largest bluefish ever caught? The largest bluefish ever caught weighed 31 pounds and 2 ounces. It was caught with a fishing rod and reel off the beach in Hatteras, North Carolina, in 1972. While some people claimed to have seen a 40-pound bluefish, these rumors have never been confirmed .

The blue shark stands out with its pair of very long pectoral fins. The upper part of the body is dark green, lighter on the flanks, and the lower part is white. Male sharks typically grow to be 1.82 to 2.82 m (6.0 to 9.3 ft) in length, while larger females typically grow to 2.2 to 3.3 m (7 ,2 to 11 ft).[5] Some can grow up to 3.8 m (12 ft) or even 6.1 m (20 ft) but this has not been confirmed.[5] Blue sharks have a rather streamlined and slender body and typically weigh between 27 and 55 kg (60 120 lb) in males and between 93 and 182 kg (210-400 lb) in females.[6][7][ 8]. According to reports, blue sharks have been discovered weighing up to 391 kg (860 lb).[9]

Blue sharks are a species that gives birth to young, each time the female gives birth from 4 to 135 young. The gestation period is from 9 to 12 months. The age of sexual maturity in females is from 5 to 6 years and in males is from 4 to 5 years of age. The scars left on the female are due to the bites of the male during courtship. Therefore, to adapt to this mating ritual, the female's skin is usually 3 times thicker than the male's.[4]

The blue shark's important food sources are invertebrates including squid and octopus, crustaceans such as lobsters and crabs, fish including smaller sharks, cod, and Occasionally seabirds and whale meat.[4]Adult blue sharks are rarely threatened except by humans and killer whales. But children face more dangers from both great white sharks and tiger sharks. Not only are they larger predators, blue sharks are also threatened by parasites such as tapeworms that cause them to become infected and die. The reason is because they eat intermediate food species such as haddock (Lampris guttatus) or long-nosed spearfish (Alepisaurus ferox).[10]

It is estimated that 10 - 20 million animals are killed each year. Their meat is used in fresh, dried, smoked and salted dishes and in the production of fishmeal. The skin is used for leather production, the fins for shark fin soup, and the liver for oil.[4]

Blue sharks grow poorly in captivity. The final test specimens only lived about 30 days. In 2008, a specimen kept at the New Jersey State Aquarium survived for seven months before it died from an unknown bacterial infection.[11]

As of 2009, there have been 13 recorded attacks on humans and four deaths.[12]

Sea angels are also sometimes known as "sea butterflies" but this is potentially misleading because the family Clionidae is just one of the families within this clade, and the term "sea butterfly" is also applied to the shelled Thecosomata.

Recent molecular data suggest the Gymnosomata form a sister group to the Thecosomata (other planktonic, weakly or nonmineralized gastropods), but this long-standing hypothesis has also had some recent detractors.[2] Fossils of the group go back to the Middle Frasnian stage of the Late Devonian period.

These organisms have a wide geographic range, from polar regions, under sea ice, to equatorial (tropic) seas.

In this clade, the foot of the gastropod has developed into wing-like flapping appendages (parapodia) and larval sea angels discard their embryonic shells a few days after hatching. Both adaptations suit their free-swimming oceanic lives. The adaptations also explain the common name sea angel and the scientific name of the order: From Greek gymnos meaning "naked" and soma meaning "body".

The lack of a heavy shell for gymnosomes allows them to hover on the upper water surfaces for longer periods, along with a streamlined body that reduces the drag coefficient. Also, gymnosomes have a low aspect ratio which aids them to maneuver and accelerate quickly.[4]

Sea angels are gelatinous, mostly transparent, and very small, with the largest species (Clione limacina) reaching 5 cm. C. limacina is a polar species; those found in warmer waters are far smaller. Some species of sea angels feed exclusively on sea butterflies; the angels have terminal mouths with the radula common to mollusks, and tentacles to grasp their prey, sometimes with suckers similar to cephalopods.The wing comprises seven groups of muscles, anterior oblique muscles for dorsal and ventral sides, posterior oblique muscles for dorsal and ventral sides, the longitudinal and transverse wing retractors muscles, and dorso-ventral muscles. The first four groups form a continuous sheet where the dorsal muscles are perpendicular to the ventral muscles. Transverse and longitudinal retractors muscles retract the wing along the span and the chord. The dorso-ventral muscles control the thickness of the wing by changing the haemocoelic pressure inside the wing, this also ejects the buccal apparatus from C. limacina’s head.[5]

Gymnosomata are carnivorous, feeding only on their fellow pteropods, the Thecosomata.[3] Their lifestyles have coevolved with those of their prey, with their feeding strategy adapting to the morphology and consistency of the thecosome shell.[3]

By rowing their "wings" back and forth at 1–3 Hz, the sea angels swim at speeds up to 100 mm/s (0.22 mph). This is about twice as fast as their prey, the sea butterfly. Tracing the wingtip showed a ‘figure-of-eight’ trajectory and stroke plane orthogonal to the caudal-rostral axis, this pattern was observed in some aerial insects, small birds, and sea butterflies such as hummingbirds and Limacina helicina.[6][5] It is not yet clear whether the sea angel uses its swimming appendages as 'rowing paddles' or as 'wings'.[7]

However, cold water sea angel C. antarctica likely accommodates drag-based force production for several reasons, (1) Low aspect ratio for C.antarctica causes deleterious lift-drag ratios. (2) High angle of attack typically ranges from 60 to 80 degrees. (3) The orthogonality between the surface of the wing and ascending trajectory of the sea angel.[8]

Furthermore, Clione antarctica, defends itself from predators by synthesizing a previously unknown noxious molecule, pteroenone. Because of this secretion, predators will not eat the sea angel. A species of amphipod takes advantage of this trait: The amphipod will seize an individual of C. antarctica out of the water column, and carry it around for protection. Local population density of C. antarctica may reach extraordinary levels; up to 300 animals per cubic metre have been recorded.

Their hunting strategies are variable; some forms are ambush predators, sitting and waiting for their prey; whilst others actively pursue their prey; their metabolic rate is closely linked to that of their prey species.[3] Even the size of the gymnosomes is correlated to the size of their prey,[3] which they recognize by means of touch and grab using their sometimes-suckered buccal cones.[3] A combination of hooks and a toothed radula are employed to scour the flesh from the thecosomes' shells.[3]

C. limacina stimulates the neuromuscular system to chase the prey, this notably increases the motion of the wings, minimizes the gap between wingtips at the end of each stroke, lessening the aspect ratio, and increases the deflection of the wings. Therefore, reducing the drag forces and overcoming stall. Also, the increment in the angle of attack along with low Reynold number for sea angels resembles the fluid dynamic forces acting on insects such as Drosophila.[9]Gymnosomes slowly beat their wing-like parapodia[3] in a rowing motion[10] to propel their "perfectly streamlined"[10] bodies through the upper 20 m of the water column. Although usually slow-moving, beating their wings once or twice per second, they are capable of bursts of speed when they need to pursue their prey, calling a separate suite of muscles into action to obtain the higher beat frequency.[3]

Like many gastropods, sea angels are simultaneous hermaphrodites with internal fertilization. A fertilized animal later releases a gelatinous egg mass, and the eggs float freely until hatching. Their embryonic shells are lost within the first few days after hatching.

The gymnosomes, like other shell-less opisthobranchs,[a] discard their shells at metamorphosis, with the retractor muscles being severed and the shell lost.[11] The group does not truly, therefore, lack a shell. Few larval shells have been described (and consequently an understanding of their fossil record is as yet unknown).[12]

facts:

• Alien as it looks, a jelly’s soft shape is perfectly adapted to its environment. Its thin skin stretches over a body that’s more than 95 percent water (no bones or shells to weigh it down).

• A comb jelly will eat other comb jellies larger than itself by biting off chunks with special cilia structures in its mouth.
  

Write about 3 things that you are attracted by the ocean and 3 things that you are afraid of there.

Write at least 150 words.

Record a video: Telling how to preserve the ocean biodiversity and protect the ocean from pollution. Tell the reasons why we have to do it.

You can talk about:

- The way to preserve the ocean biodiversity (preserve plants and creatures under the sea)

- The way to protect the ocean from pollution (waste, sewage, … )

- The reasons why we have to protect the ocean.

Requirement: Video from 1 – 3 minutes

The sea is a very beautiful place but no one knows that under that cover there is something extremely scary. The sea contains many new things that make many people scared. The sea is very wide, sometimes we do not know how deep our boat is going or the size of the animals there which can be up to several hundred meters.

watch the waves, I feel very relax and comfortable.Although the sea is very beautiful, it contains terrifying things.The first things that scare me are ferocious or ugly animals. And the sea is very large, when we sail a boat in the sea sometime we will be lost at sea. There is no signal at sea so we can call. And no somebody can listen or see we.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 14th!

You can talk about:

- The process of forming the earth by different steps.

Requirement: Video from 1 – 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 14th!

Earth is divided into three main layers. The dense, hot inner core, the molten outer core, the mantle, and the thin crust, which supports all life in the known universe.

The Earth is covered by two kinds of crust — continental and oceanic. The thinner oceanic crust is normally a little more than four miles thick, while the thicker continental crust is often as much as 25 miles thick. Continental crust is also much less dense than its oceanic counterpart.

The mantle is the mostly solid bulk of Earth's interior. The mantle lies between Earth's dense, super-heated core and its thin outer layer, the crust. The mantle is about 2,900 kilometers (1,802 miles) thick, and makes up a whopping 84 percent of Earth’s total volume.

The outer core is the third layer of the Earth. It is the only liquid layer, and is mainly made up of the metals iron and nickel, as well as small amounts of other substances. The outer core is responsible for Earth's magnetic field. As Earth spins on its axis, the iron inside the liquid outer core moves around.

Earth’s core is the very hot, very dense center of our planet.

- The first is core, the earth's core is divided into two layers and the two layers are almost the same. The outer layer, also known as the outer nucleus, is said to be liquid; and the inner layer or inner core is said to be in a solid state with the highest density (density) among the layers of the Earth. The existence of an inner core that can be distinguished from the outer core was discovered by seismologist Inge Lehmann in 1936 , because it is not capable of transmitting elastic shear waves; only compression waves have been observed to propagate through it . Not much is known about the innermost core.

- The secound is manti, the Earth's mantle or mantle is chemically divided into layers. The mantle is the most viscous layer located below the crust and above the outer core. The Earth's mantle is a rocky crust about 2,900 km thick accounting for nearly 70% of the Earth's volume. It is mostly solid and lies on Earth's iron-rich core, which accounts for nearly 30% of Earth's volume. Past molten and volcanic episodes at shallower points of the mantle have created a very thin crust of crystallized molten products near the surface, on which all forms of life occur. Gases released during the melting of the Earth's mantle have a major influence on the composition and abundance of gases in the Earth's atmosphere.

- The last is shell, The Earth's crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, in solid form. The rocky components of the Earth's crust are almost all oxides. Constituents such as chlorine, sulfur and fluoride are the only important exceptions to this composition, and their total mass in any given rock is normally less than 1%. F. W. Clarke calculated that nearly 47% of the mass of the Earth's crust is oxygen. This element is present in oxides, mainly of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium. Silicon is the main important component of the crust, present in silicate minerals, the most common mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and when broken, it turns into sand.

The crust is divided into two types according to its distribution range and physicochemical characteristics: continental crust and oceanic crust. The oceanic crust is 5 km to 10 km thick, and is composed mainly of basalt, diabase, and gabbro. The continental crust is 30 km to 50 km thick and is made of rocks that are lighter in density than oceanic crust such as granite.

Draw a poster to inform people on how to help Endangered Animals

You can write about:

1. Where does it live?

2. What do they do?

3. Why are they endangered?

4. How can we help?

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 21st!

Record a video:

Why are some animals endangered? What can we do to fight for and protect threatened animals?

Requirement: Video from 1 – 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 21st!

2. What can they do? (draw, dance, …)

3. What do hunters want from the elephants? Why do they want them?

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 28th!

Requirement: Video from 1 – 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, November 28th!

+ Elephants are the largest land mammal.

+ Despite their size, they can run up to 25 miles per hour!

+ One elephant molar is the size of a brick.

+ Elephants can eat up to 600 pounds of food per day.

+ Elephants aren't actually scared of mice, they're scared of bees!

+ Elephant trunks have over 40,000 muscles which are used for breathing, smelling and communicating. They are capable of picking up something as big and heavy as an average-sized horse to something as tiny as a grain of rice.

+ And just like humans can be left- or right-handed, elephants have a preference for using their left or right tusks.

+ Like humans, elephants mourn the death of their love ones.

+ If a baby elephant cries, the herd will touch and caress the baby with their trunks to soothe it.

+ Elephants have deep family bonds.

+ The gestation period of an elephant is 22 months. That's almost 2 years, the longest pregnancy of any mammal!

+ The average lifespan of an elephant is between 50-70 years old.

Elephants are extremely intelligent animals. They have the largest brains of all land animals and three times more neurons than humans. Meanwhile, many neurons exist solely to control the elephant's giant body and dexterity. Over a long period of time, this animal has been shown to have impressive abilities and is extremely intelligent. For example:

1. Ability to recognize languages

2. Know how to use tools

3. Understand body language

4. Show empathy

5. Lament over the death of fellow human beings

6. Imitate human voice

7. Has extraordinary memory

Elephants are extremely intelligent animals. They have the largest brains of all land animals and three times more neurons than humans. Meanwhile, many neurons exist solely to control the elephant's giant body and dexterity. Over a long period of time, this animal has been shown to have impressive abilities and is extremely intelligent. For example:

1. Ability to recognize languages

2. Know how to use tools

3. Understand body language

4. Show empathy

5. Lament over the death of fellow human beings

6. Imitate human voice

7. Has extraordinary memory

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 5th!

(Kể về một loài động vật giúp đỡ con người thực hiện một số nhiệm vụ đặc biệt hoặc đóng vai trò quan trọng trong đời sống con người.)

For instance: You can talk about agent dogs, police dogs, military dogs or even normal domestic dogs that help people protect their houses!

Requirement: Video from 1 – 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 5th!

(You can do it on canva or draw it on papers)

You should introduce about:

• What is the name of the collection?

• What are the clothes in the collection called?

• What materials you use?

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 19th!

Requirement: The video should be in 1-3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 19th!

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 26th!

Requirement: The video should be in 1-3 minutes.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, December 26th!

Describe that type of clothes and draw a picture of it.

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, January 2nd!

Imagine that you are going to a desert and stay here for a week. What clothes, objects and accessories will you bring with to keep you survive?

Deadline: 10:00 PM, Tuesday, January 2nd!

<I draw by app> =))

Make sure to use the comparative and superlative adjectives in your writing.

Deadline: 10 PM, January 30th 2024

You can talk about:

- How did you know it?

- What are some of its features?

- When do you listen to it?

- Why do you like it?

The video should be at least 1 minute and less than 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, January 30th 2024

You can write about:

- What is its name?

- What does it look like?

- What is its personality?

- What does it eat?

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, February 27th 2024

You can talk about:

- How did you meet it?

- What did you do for it?

- What activities did you and it have?

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, February 27th 2024

You should write about:

- What is it?

- Why do people find it not special?

- Why do you find it unique?

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 05th 2024

You should talk about:

- What kind of animal is it?

- What makes it unique?

- What do you like about it?

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 05th 2024

You should write about:

- What is it?

- How does it look like?

- What do you use it for?

- Is it useful or useless?

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 12th 2024

You should talk about:

- What is it?

- How does it look like?

- How often do you use it?

- Why do you like it?

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 12th 2024

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 19th 2024

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 19th 2024

You should answer these questions:

How does it look like?

How can we use it?

What is it benefits? or What can it do for people?

What do you use it for?

Do you like using smartphone?

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 26th 2024

We can use both digital camera and smartphone to take a photo. Which one do you prefer more to take picture? And why?

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, March 26th 2024

You should answer these questions:

What is it? How does it look like?

How can we use it?

What can it do for people?

What do you use it for?

Write at least 150 words.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, April 09th 2024

Review about a gadget or device that you know clearly about.

You should talk about:

What is it? How does it look like?

What are its good points?

What are its bad points?

Do you like to use it?

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, April 09th 2024

For example:

I have bought this pencil for 3 weeks.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, April 30th 2024

Talking about what you can do to help your family with household chores. Try to use Present perfect tense in your speech.

The speech should be from 1 to 3 minutes.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, April 30th 2024

i have studied

i have ride to school

i have walked to school on foot

i have killed a bug

he has eaten

he has studied

he has ride to school

he has walked to school on foot

he has killed a bug

What are the differences in their features?

Give example of 3 aforementioned groups of animals. You should give at least 5 examples for each group.

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, May 7th 2024

Record a video talking about one kind of animals which belongs to one of three aforementioned groups.

You should talk about:

- What is its type?

- Which group does it belong to?

- What features does it have?

- Why do you choose to talk about it?

Deadline: 10 PM, Tuesday, May 7th 2024